Power conversion devices and control methods therefor

• US 10,250,120 B2
• Filed: 05/18/2017
• Issued: 04/02/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 05/18/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Northeastern University
• Original Assignee: Northeastern University
• Inventors: Amirabadi, Mahshid
• Primary Examiner(s): Dole, Timothy J
• Assistant Examiner(s): Tiku, Sisay G
• Application Number:
  US15/598,831
• Publication Number:
  US 20170338732A1
• Time in Patent Office: 684 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/007 Plural converter units in cascade push-pull DC/DC converters with pre-regulator H02M3/3374; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC stage including a high frequency transformer H02M7/4807; DC-AC converters following a DC-DC conversion stage generating periodically varying voltages H02M7/4826
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/12 Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/155 using semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 5/4585 having a rectifier with controlled elements
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/5387 in a bridge configuration
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/797 using semiconductor devices only

Abstract

Power conversion devices with control algorithms that can solve the double frequency harmonic problem are provided, as are techniques for controlling power converters when the instantaneous values of input and output power are not the same.

Claims

1. A power conversion device comprising:

input circuitry configured to be coupled to a power source or load, the input circuitry comprising at least one switching device or diode;

an output switch bridge configured to be coupled to a load or power source, the output switch bridge comprising at least four controllable switching devices arranged in a bridge configuration to control current output; and

a link stage comprising at least one reactive component configured for alternating current (AC) operation, wherein the input circuitry, output switch bridge and link stage are operative to regulate an input and an output currents and manage power mismatch between the power source and load;

wherein the device is operative in at least three states in a switching cycle, including at least one state to charge the reactive component of the link stage from the power source, at least one state in which power is discharged from the link stage into the load, and a single state in which no power is transferred through the link stage and one or both of a link voltage remains constant and a link current is zero or remains constant.

2. The power conversion device of claim 1, wherein the device is operative to suppress a double frequency harmonic component at the input circuitry.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein switches in the input circuitry and output switch bridge are operative at a fixed switching frequency.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is operative to control the input current to be about equal to a selected reference value.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the input circuitry comprises an input switch bridge configured to be coupled to a direct current (DC) power source, the input switch bridge comprising at least one switching device controllable to regulate an input DC current with suppression of a double frequency harmonic component.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the output switch bridge is configured to be coupled to an AC load, the output switch bridge comprising at least four controllable switching devices arranged in a bridge configuration to control current output to the load.

7. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is operative as a single phase inverter or rectifier.

8. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is operative to regulate the input current and the output current simultaneously.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein the link stage is arranged in series or in parallel with the input circuitry and the output switch bridge.

10. The device of claim 1, wherein the reactive component comprises a film capacitor, a ceramic capacitor, an electrolytic capacitor, or an inductive device.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is operative to provide bidirectional flow of power.

12. The device of claim 1, wherein each of the switching devices of the output switch bridge comprises a field effect transistor (FET), an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), or a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) with anti-parallel diode;

and/or wherein the at least one the switching device of the input circuitry comprises a field effect transistor (FET), an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), or a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) with anti-parallel diode.

13. The device of claim 1, further comprising circuitry that causes, and/or a controller comprising one or more processors, memory, and machine-readable instructions stored in the memory that, upon execution by the one or more processors, cause the device to carry out operations to control sequence and duration of each of the controllable switching devices.

14. The power conversion device of claim 1, wherein a voltage rating of the switching devices is about equal to a maximum link stage voltage.

15. The power conversion device of claim 1, wherein a maximum voltage of the link stage is selected based on a selected maximum link stage capacitance.

16. The power conversion device of claim 1, wherein the link stage comprises a plurality of capacitors, each capacitor in series with a bidirectional conducting bidirectional blocking controllable switching device, the plurality of capacitors arranged in series or in parallel with the input circuitry and the output switch bridge, and wherein each capacitor transfers power in at least two switching cycles over a load power cycle.

17. The power conversion device of claim 1, wherein the link stage comprises a plurality of series inductors, each inductor in parallel with a forward conducting bidirectional blocking controllable switching device, the plurality of inductors arranged in series or in parallel with the input circuitry and the output switch bridge.

18. A method of controlling a power conversion device, comprising:

providing the power conversion device of claim 1; and

operating the device to regulate the input and output currents with suppression of a double frequency harmonic component.

19. A method of controlling a power conversion device, comprising:

providing the power conversion device of claim 1; and

operating the device with a plurality of switching cycles, each switching cycle comprising at least one charging state, at least one discharging state, and at least one state during which no power is transferred.

20. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is operative in order such that the at least discharging state occurs in the switching cycle after the at least one charging state, and the single state in which no power is transferred through the link stage occurs in the switching cycle after the at least one charging state and the at least one discharging state.