Automated tuning of gas turbine combustion systems

• US 10,260,428 B2
• Filed: 01/11/2016
• Issued: 04/16/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 05/08/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Gas Turbine Efficiency Sweden AB (John Wood Group PLC)
• Original Assignee: Gas Turbine Efficiency Sweden AB (John Wood Group PLC)
• Inventors: Chandler, Christopher
• Primary Examiner(s): Lebentritt, Michael
• Application Number:
  US14/992,539
• Publication Number:
  US 20160123239A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,191 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: F02C 9/28 Regulating systems responsive to plant or ambient parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure, rotor speed F02C9/30 - F02C9/38, F02C9/44 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2220/32 in gas turbines
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2260/80 Diagnostics
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/082 with as little NOx as possible
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/083 by monitoring combustion conditions
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/20 to optimize the performance of a machine
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/303 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F05D 2270/31 Fuel schedule for stage combustors
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 1/002 using electronic means F23N1/04 - F23N1/10 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 2241/20 Gas turbines
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 5/003 using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties F23N5/02, F23N5/18 - F23N5/26 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 5/242 using electronic means
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 2900/00013 Reducing thermo-acoustic vibrations by active means
• CPC Class Codes: F23R 3/34 Feeding into different combustion zones
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 13/021 in which a variable is automatically adjusted to optimise the performance

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a tuning system for tuning the operation of a gas turbine. The system comprises operational turbine controls for controlling operational control elements of the turbine, including at least one of turbine fuel distribution or the fuel temperature. The system also has a tuning controller communicating with the turbine controls. The tuning controller is configured to tune the operation of the turbine in accordance with the following steps: receiving operational data about the turbine, providing a hierarchy of tuning issues, determining whether sensed operational data is within predetermined operational limits and producing one or more indicators. If the operational data is not within predetermined operational limits, the tuning controller will rank the one or more indicators to determine dominant tuning concern, and tune the operation of the turbine based on dominant tuning concern. Also provided herein are a method and computer readable medium for tuning.

Claims

1. A tuning system for tuning the operation of a gas turbine, the system comprising:

operational turbine controls for controlling operational control elements of the turbine, the operational control elements producing a change in operational parameter data of the gas turbine;

a tuning controller communicating with the operational turbine controls to adjust one or more operational control elements, the tuning controller configured to tune the operation of the turbine in accordance with the following;

receiving real-time or near real-time operational parameter data about the turbine,

adjusting stored operational standards of the turbine by selecting one or more desired tuning priorities,

determining whether sensed operational parameter data is within the stored operational standards and producing one or more indicators if said operational data is not within the stored operational standards,

ranking the one or more indicators based on the hierarchy of tuning priorities to determine the dominant tuning concern, and

tuning the operation of the turbine by causing an adjustment in one of the operational control elements, wherein the operational control element being adjusted is selected based on the dominant tuning concern, and

wherein the adjustment is made to the overall operational control element of the turbine.

2. The tuning system according to claim 1, further comprising at least one sensor for sensing the operational parameters of the turbine, wherein the operational parameters include at least one of combustor dynamics or turbine exhaust emissions.

3. The tuning system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more indicators are ranked based on the severity of each indicator.

4. The tuning system according to claim 3, wherein the one or more indicators are further ranked based on the tuning priorities, such that indicators of the same magnitude are ranked based on the tuning priorities.

5. The tuning system according to claim 1, wherein tuning the operation of the turbine based on dominant tuning concern comprises making incremental adjustments in one or more operational control elements of the turbine.

6. The tuning system according to claim 1, wherein the one or more indicators comprises one or more alarm levels indicating that the operational data of the turbine is outside of allowable limits of the turbine.

7. The tuning system according to claim 1, wherein the tuning priorities for the turbine comprise one or more selected from the group comprising NOx levels, power level, and combustion dynamics.

8. The tuning system according to claim 1, wherein the tuning controller communicates indirectly with the turbine controller through a distribution control system (DCS) or similar control system.

9. The tuning system according to claim 1, wherein the tuning controller communicates directly with the turbine controller.

10. The tuning system according to claim 1, further comprising a user interface operable to adjust tuning parameter limits during operation of the tuning system.

11. The tuning system according to claim 1, wherein the operational control elements comprise one or more of turbine fuel distribution splits of the fuel circuits of the combustors, fuel gas inlet temperature, and fuel/air ratio within the turbine.

12. A method of tuning the operation of a gas turbine, the turbine having turbine controls for controlling operational control elements of the turbine, the operational control elements producing a change in operational parameter data of the gas turbine, the method comprising:

receiving real-time or near real-time operational parameter data about the turbine,

adjusting stored operational standards of the turbine by selecting one or more desired tuning priorities,

determining whether sensed operational parameter data is within the stored operational standards and producing one or more indicators if said operational data is not within the stored operational standards,

ranking the one or more indicators based on the hierarchy of tuning priorities to determine the dominant tuning concern, and

tuning the operation of the turbine by causing an adjustment in one of the operational control elements, wherein the operational control element being adjusted is selected based on the dominant tuning concern, and

wherein the adjustment is made to the overall operational control element of the turbine.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the one or more indicators are ranked based on the severity of the indicator.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the one or more indicators are further ranked based on the tuning priorities, such that indicators of the same magnitude are ranked based on the tuning priorities.

15. The method according to claim 12, wherein step of tuning the operation of the turbine based on dominant tuning concern comprises making incremental adjustments in one or more operational control elements of the turbine.

16. The method according to claim 12, wherein the tuning priorities comprise one or more selected from the group comprising NOx levels, power level and combustion dynamics.

17. The method according to claim 12, wherein real-time adjustment of tuning limits is achieved through the use of a graphical user interface during operation of the turbine.

18. The method according to claim 12, wherein the operational control elements comprise one or more of turbine fuel distribution splits of the fuel circuits of the combustors, fuel gas inlet temperature, and fuel/air ratio within the turbine.

19. A non-transitory computer readable medium having embodied therein a computer program for tuning the operation of a combustion turbine comprising code segments for:

controlling operational control elements of the turbine, the operational control elements producing a change in operational parameter data of the gas turbine,

receiving real-time or near real-time operational parameter data about the turbine,

adjusting stored operational standards of the turbine by selecting one or more desired tuning priorities,

determining whether sensed operational parameter data is within the stored operational standards and producing one or more indicators if said operational data is not within the stored operational standards,

ranking the one or more indicators based on the hierarchy of tuning priorities to determine the dominant tuning concern, and

tuning the operation of the turbine by causing an adjustment in one of the operational control elements, wherein the operational control element being adjusted is selected based on the dominant tuning concern, and

wherein the adjustment is made to the overall operational control element of the turbine.

20. The computer readable medium according to claim 19, wherein the tuning priorities comprise one or more selected from the group comprising NOx levels, power level and combustion dynamics.

21. The computer readable medium according to claim 19, wherein the one or more indicators are ranked based on the severity of the indicator and wherein the indicators are further ranked based on the tuning priorities, such that indicators of the same magnitude are ranked based on the tuning priorities.

22. The computer readable medium according to claim 19, wherein tuning the operation of the turbine comprises making incremental adjustments of at least one operational control element of the turbine.

23. The computer readable medium according to claim 19, wherein real-time adjustment of tuning limits is achieved through the use of a graphical user interface.

24. The computer readable medium according to claim 19, wherein the operational control elements comprise one or more of turbine fuel distribution splits of the fuel circuits of the combustors, fuel gas inlet temperature, and fuel/air ratio within the turbine.

25. A tuning system for tuning the operation of a gas turbine, the system comprising:

operational turbine controls for controlling operational control elements of the turbine, the operational control elements producing a change in operational parameter data of the gas turbine;

a tuning controller communicating with the operational turbine controls to adjust one or more operational control elements, the tuning controller configured to tune the operation of the turbine in accordance with the following;

receiving real-time or near real-time operational parameter data about the turbine,

adjusting stored operational standards of the turbine by selecting one or more desired tuning priorities,

determining whether sensed operational parameter data is within the stored operational standards and producing one or more indicators if said operational data is not within the stored operational standards,

ranking the one or more indicators based on the hierarchy of tuning priorities to determine the dominant tuning concern, and

reactively tuning the operation of the turbine by causing an adjustment in one of the operational control elements, wherein the operational control element being adjusted is selected based on the dominant tuning concern.