Multiple power sources for a switching power converter controller

• US 10,263,532 B2
• Filed: 03/31/2011
• Issued: 04/16/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 07/30/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Signify Holding B.V. (Signify N.V.)
• Original Assignee: Signify Holding B.V. (Signify N.V.)
• Inventors: Melanson, John L., King, Eric J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Amrany, Adi
• Application Number:
  US13/077,421
• Publication Number:
  US 20120025608A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,938 Days
• Field of Search: 307130, 307139
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0006 Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/36 Means for starting or stopping converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/22 with intermediate conversion into ac
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33507 with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters H02M3/33561, H02M3/33569 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/06 using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/3725 Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 20/30 Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]

Abstract

An electronic system includes two power supplies to supply an operating voltage to a switching power converter. The first power supply, referred to as a start-up power supply, includes a first source follower transistor to conduct a start-up current for a controller and supply an operating voltage for the controller. The controller controls operation of the switching power converter. A second power supply, referred to as an auxiliary power supply, includes a second source follower transistor to conduct a steady-state operational current for the controller and supply an operating voltage for the controller. In at least one embodiment, once the second power supply begins supplying the operating voltage to the controller, the start-up power supply automatically ceases supplying the start-up current to the controller.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

a first power supply having a first source follower transistor to conduct a start-up current for a controller and supply an operating voltage for the controller; and

a second power supply having a second source follower transistor to conduct a steady-state operational current for the controller and supply an operating voltage from a supply node for the controller, wherein a source of the first source follower transistor and a source of the second source follower transistor are coupled to the supply node and, during operation of the apparatus, when the source of the second source follower transistor is biased with the operating voltage at the supply node to cause the second source follower transistor to turn ON, the second source follower transistor changes the operating voltage and the change in the operating voltage at the supply node causes the first source follower transistor to automatically turn OFF.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first and second source follower transistors are field effect transistors.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein a gate of the first source follower transistor is connected to a gate of the second source follower transistor.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein first and second transistors are bipolar junction transistors.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:

a switching power converter; and

the controller, coupled to the switching power converter, to control operation of the switching power converter.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first power supply includes a voltage divider to supply an operational voltage to the controller during a start-up period of the controller.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the voltage divider comprises a plurality of series coupled capacitors.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the second power supply comprises an auxiliary winding of a transformer.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein:

when the second power supply supplies the operating voltage to the controller, the first power supply automatically ceases supplying the start-up current to the controller and the operating voltage is determined from a member of a group consisting of;

(1) a gate voltage of the second source follower minus a threshold voltage of the second source follower and (2) a base voltage of the second source follower minus a base-to-emitter junction voltage of the second source follower;

when the operating voltage is determined by the gate voltage minus the threshold voltage of the second source follower, the operating voltage causes a gate to source voltage of the first source follower transistor to decrease below a threshold voltage of the first source follower transistor; and

when the operating voltage is determined by the base voltage minus the base-to-emitter junction voltage of the second source follower, the operating voltage causes a base-to-emitter voltage of the first source follower transistor to decrease below a base-to-emitter voltage that allows the first source follower transistor to conduct.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the second source follower transistor conducts current to supply the operating voltage from the second power supply.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein:

the first power supply is configured so that during operation of the apparatus when the second source follower transistor conducts the steady-state operational current, a gate to source voltage of the first source follower transistor is reduced below a threshold voltage of the first source follower transistor when the second source follower transistor changes the operating voltage to cause the first source follower transistor to cease conducting and the operating voltage is determined from a member of a group consisting of;

(1) a gate voltage of the second source follower minus a threshold voltage of the second source follower and (2) a base voltage of the second source follower minus a base-to-emitter junction voltage of the second source follower;

when the operating voltage is determined by the gate voltage minus the threshold voltage of the second source follower, the operating voltage causes a gate to source voltage of the first source follower transistor to decrease below a threshold voltage of the first source follower transistor; and

when the operating voltage is determined by the base voltage minus the base-to-emitter junction voltage of the second source follower, the operating voltage causes a base-to-emitter voltage of the first source follower transistor to decrease below a base-to-emitter voltage that allows the first source follower transistor to conduct.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the threshold voltage of the first source follower transistor is greater than a threshold voltage of the second source follower transistor, which ensures that the first source follower transistor turns OFF when the second source follower transistor turns ON.

13. The apparatus of claim 11 further comprising a circuit element coupled to a source of the first source follower transistor, and, during operation of the apparatus, a voltage drop across the circuit element at least assists to cause the first source follower transistor to cease conducting.

14. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein gates of the first and second source follower transistors have an identical bias voltage during operation of the apparatus.

15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the operating voltage for the controller is a regulated, direct current (DC) voltage.

16. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a diode coupled between the source of the first source follower and the supply node.

38. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein the circuit element comprises a diode.

17. A method comprising:

supplying a start-up current for a controller and supplying an operating voltage for the controller from a first power supply having a first source follower transistor to conduct the start-up current; and

supplying a steady-state operational current for the controller and supplying an operating voltage from a supply node for the controller from a second power supply having a second source follower transistor to conduct the steady-state operational current, wherein a source of the first source follower transistor and a source of the second source follower transistor are coupled to the supply node and supplying the operating voltage from the supply node further comprises;

biasing the source of the second source follower transistor with the operating voltage at the supply node to cause the second source follower transistor to turn ON, wherein the second source follower transistor changes the operating voltage and the change in the operating voltage at the supply node causes the first source follower transistor to automatically turn OFF.

18. The method of claim 17 wherein the first and second source follower transistors are field effect transistors.

19. The method of claim 18 wherein a gate of the first transistor is connected to a gate of the second transistor.

20. The method of claim 17 wherein first and second transistors are bipolar junction transistors.

21. The method of claim 17 further comprising:

controlling operation of a switching power converter.

22. The method of claim 17 further comprising:

supplying an operational voltage to the controller during a start-up period of the controller using a voltage divider to divide a supply voltage supplied to the first power supply.

23. The method of claim 22 wherein the voltage divider comprises a plurality of series coupled capacitors.

24. The method of claim 17 wherein supplying a steady-state operational current for the controller and supplying an operating voltage for the controller from a second power supply comprises:

receiving an auxiliary supply voltage from an auxiliary winding of a transformer.

25. The method of claim 17 further comprising:

automatically ceasing supplying the start-up current to the controller from the first power supply when the second power supply supplies the operating voltage to the controller and the operating voltage is determined from a member of a group consisting of;

(1) a gate voltage of the second source follower minus a threshold voltage of the second source follower and (2) a base voltage of the second source follower minus a base-to-emitter junction voltage of the second source follower;

wherein;

when the operating voltage is determined by the gate voltage minus the threshold voltage of the second source follower, the operating voltage causes a gate to source voltage of the first source follower transistor to decrease below a threshold voltage of the first source follower transistor; and

when the operating voltage is determined by the base voltage minus the base-to-emitter junction voltage of the second source follower, the operating voltage causes a base-to-emitter voltage of the first source follower transistor to decrease below a base-to-emitter voltage that allows the first source follower transistor to conduct.

26. The method of claim 17 further comprising:

conducting current with the second source follower transistor to supply the operating voltage from the second power supply.

27. The method of claim 17 wherein the first and second source follower transistors are field effect transistors and during supplying the steady-state operational current for the controller and supplying the operating voltage for the controller from the second power supply, the method further comprises:

reducing a gate to source voltage of the first source follower transistor below a threshold voltage of the first source follower transistor to cause the first source follower transistor to cease conducting.

28. The method of claim 27 wherein the threshold voltage of the first source follower transistor is greater than a threshold voltage of the second source follower transistor, which ensures that the first source follower transistor turns OFF when the second source follower transistor turns ON.

29. The method of claim 27 wherein to reduce the gate to source voltage of the first source follower transistor to cause the first source follower transistor to cease conducting, the method further comprising:

generating a voltage drop across a circuit element coupled to a source of the first source follower transistor to at least assist in causing the first source follower transistor to cease conducting.

30. The method of claim 17 further comprising:

biasing gates of the first and second source follower transistors with an identical bias voltage.

31. The method of claim 17, wherein the operating voltage for the controller is a regulated, direct current (DC) voltage.

32. The method of claim 17 wherein a diode is coupled between the source of the first source follower and the supply node.

33. An apparatus comprising:

a switching power converter,

a controller coupled to the switching power converter to control operation of the switching power converter;

a first power supply having a first source follower transistor to conduct a start-up current for the controller and supply an operating voltage for the controller; and

a second power supply having a second source follower transistor to conduct a steady-state operational current for the controller and supply an operating voltage from a supply node for the controller, wherein a source of the first source follower transistor and a source of the second source follower transistor are coupled to the supply node and, during operation of the apparatus, when the source of the second source follower transistor is biased with the operating voltage at the supply node to cause the second source follower transistor to turn ON, the second source follower transistor changes the operating voltage and the change in the operating voltage at the supply node causes the first source follower transistor to automatically turn OFF.

34. The apparatus of claim 33 further comprising a load coupled to the switching power converter.

35. The apparatus of claim 34 wherein the load comprises one or more members of a group consisting of one or more light emitting diodes, one or more fluorescent light sources, one or more motors, and one or more portable power sources.

36. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein gates of the first and second source follower transistors have an identical bias voltage during operation of the apparatus.

37. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein the operating voltage for the controller is a regulated, direct current (DC) voltage.