Power receiver having magnetic signature and method for operating same

• US 10,270,280 B2
• Filed: 11/07/2014
• Issued: 04/23/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 11/11/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Kumar, Arunim, Gray, Nigel
• Primary Examiner(s): Fureman, Jared
• Assistant Examiner(s): Barnett, Joel
• Application Number:
  US15/035,804
• Publication Number:
  US 20160301245A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,628 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/60 responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/80 involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00045 Authentication, i.e. circuits for checking compatibility between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component, e.g. a power source
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0071 with a programmable schedule
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/345 using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 5/79 for data transfer in combination with power transfer

Abstract

There is provided a contactless power system, power receiver and method of operating such, in which the power receiver of the system is configured to receive power transmitted by a power transmitter of the system via contactless electromagnetic coupling of respective receiving and transmitting coils. The power receiver further has circuitry for reflecting a unique magnetic signal to the transmitting coil of the power transmitter upon receipt of a power pulse by the receiver coil of the power receiver.

Claims

1. A power transmitter having a transmitting coil and configured to:

transmit a power pulse to a power receiver via contactless electromagnetic coupling with a receiving coil of the power receiver;

receive a reflected magnetic signal from the power receiver via contactless electromagnetic coupling with the receiving coil of the power receiver, the reflected magnetic signal having a duration;

determine the duration of the reflected magnetic signal; and

determine an identity of the power receiver based on the duration of the reflected magnetic signal.

2. The power transmitter of claim 1, wherein the duration of the reflected magnetic signal is 200-500 microseconds.

3. The power transmitter of claim 1, wherein the transmitter is configured to send multiple power pulses having different duration and/or frequencies.

4. The power transmitter of claim 1, further configured to detect coupling to the power receiver based on the reflected magnetic signal.

5. The power transmitter of claim 1, wherein the determination of an identity of the power receiver is further based on an amount of energy dumped by the power receiver.

6. The power transmitter of claim 1, further configured to validate the power receiver for power transmission based on the identification.

7. A power receiver having a receiving coil and configured to receive a power pulse transmitted by a power transmitter via contactless electromagnetic coupling with a transmitting coil of the power transmitter, wherein the power receiver comprises:

preload circuitry for reflecting a magnetic signal to the transmitting coil upon receipt of the power pulse,

wherein the preload circuitry of the power receiver comprises one or more resistors, one or more capacitors and a switchable load,

wherein the switchable load is configured to switchably sink an amount of energy produced in the power receiver with the received power pulse for an amount of time in order to provide the magnetic signal, and

wherein the amount of time is based on the resistance of the one or more resistors and the capacitance of the one or more capacitors.

8. The power receiver of claim 7, wherein the one or more capacitors of the preload circuitry charges upon receipt of the power pulse over the amount of time and causes switching of the switchable load at the end of the amount of time.

9. The power receiver of claim 8, wherein causing switching of the switchable load at the end of the amount of time comprises disconnecting the switchable load thereby stopping the sinking of energy by the switchable load.

10. The power receiver of claim 8, wherein the preload circuitry of the power receiver comprises a second capacitor configured to charge upon receipt of the power pulse and to discharge upon cessation of the power pulse, the elapsed time between charging and discharging providing a second amount of time, the second capacitor being connected to the first capacitor to cause discharging of the first capacitor at the end of the second amount of time.

11. The power receiver of claim 7, wherein the one or more resistors and the one or more capacitors are configured to set one or both of the following:

the beginning of the amount of time following receipt of the power pulse;

the end of the amount of time following receipt of the power pulse.

12. The power receiver of claim 7, wherein the amount of time is 200-500 microseconds.

13. The power receiver of claim 7, wherein the switchable load comprises one or more inductive elements having selected inductance values.