Systems and methods for direct current nerve conduction block
First Claim
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1. A system for nerve block of a patient utilizing a renewable electrode, comprising:
- a direct current generator;
at least one electrode comprising silver chloride, the at least one electrode configured to be in electrical communication with the direct current generator;
a controller configured to signal the direct current generator to;
deliver a first direct current with a first polarity through the at least one electrode sufficient to block conduction in a nerve, decrease an amount of the silver chloride in the at least one electrode thereby forming solid silver and chloride ions; and
deliver a second direct current with a second polarity through the at least one electrode sufficient to increase the amount of the silver chloride, thereby renewing the at least one electrode; and
a nerve interface spaced apart from the at least one electrode by a selective barrier, the selective barrier configured to allow chloride ions through the barrier toward the nerve interface to block the nerve.
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Abstract
Disclosed herein are systems and methods for nerve conduction block. The systems and methods can utilize at least one renewable electrode. The methods can include delivering a first direct current with a first polarity to an electrode proximate nervous tissue sufficient to block conduction in the nervous tissue. Delivering the first direct current can place the nervous tissue in a hypersuppressed state at least partially preventing conduction of the nervous tissue after cessation of delivering of the first direct current. The nervous tissue can be maintained in the hypersuppressed state for a desired period, such as at least about 1 minute.
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Citations
21 Claims
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1. A system for nerve block of a patient utilizing a renewable electrode, comprising:
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a direct current generator; at least one electrode comprising silver chloride, the at least one electrode configured to be in electrical communication with the direct current generator; a controller configured to signal the direct current generator to; deliver a first direct current with a first polarity through the at least one electrode sufficient to block conduction in a nerve, decrease an amount of the silver chloride in the at least one electrode thereby forming solid silver and chloride ions; and deliver a second direct current with a second polarity through the at least one electrode sufficient to increase the amount of the silver chloride, thereby renewing the at least one electrode; and a nerve interface spaced apart from the at least one electrode by a selective barrier, the selective barrier configured to allow chloride ions through the barrier toward the nerve interface to block the nerve. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. A system for nerve block of a patient utilizing a renewable electrode, comprising:
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a direct current generator; at least one implantable electrode comprising a solid component, an ionic component, and a nerve interface directly adjacent the ionic component, the at least one implantable electrode configured to be in electrical communication with the direct current generator; and a controller configured to signal the direct current generator to; deliver a first direct current with a first polarity through the at least one implantable electrode sufficient to block conduction in a nerve and decrease an amount of the solid component; and deliver a second direct current with a second polarity through the at least one implantable electrode sufficient to increase the amount of the solid component, thereby renewing the at least one implantable electrode. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. A method for nerve block of a patient utilizing a renewable electrode, comprising:
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delivering a first direct current of a first polarity through an implanted electrode comprising a first component proximate a nerve sufficient to block conduction in the nerve; and delivering a second direct current of a second polarity opposite the first polarity through the implanted electrode; wherein the first direct current decreases an amount of the first component of the implanted electrode thereby producing a second component different from the first component; wherein the second direct current increases the amount of the first component of the implanted electrode and decreases the amount of the second component to renew the implanted electrode. - View Dependent Claims (20)
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21. A method for nerve block of a patient utilizing a renewable electrode, comprising:
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delivering a first direct current of a first polarity through an electrode comprising a first component proximate a nerve sufficient to block conduction in the nerve, wherein the first direct current decreases an amount of the first component of the electrode thereby producing a second component different from the first component; delivering a second direct current of a second polarity opposite the first polarity through the electrode, wherein the second direct current increases the amount of the first component of the electrode and decreases the amount of the second component to renew the electrode; and dynamically sensing the amount of the first component or the second component in the electrode while delivering the first direct current; and
ceasing delivery of the first direct current when the amount of the first component or the second component is sensed to reach a pre-determined threshold value.
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Specification