Analysis of component having engineered internal space for fluid flow

• US 10,274,364 B2
• Filed: 01/13/2014
• Issued: 04/30/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 01/14/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Rolls-Royce Corporation (Rolls-Royce Holdings Plc), Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University)
• Original Assignee: Rolls-Royce Corporation (Rolls-Royce Holdings Plc), Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. (Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University)
• Inventors: Blair, Taylor, Pickrell, Gary, Cybulsky, Michael, Sinatra, Raymond John, Batra, Romesh
• Primary Examiner(s): Marini, Matthew G
• Application Number:
  US14/153,579
• Publication Number:
  US 20140200837A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,933 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B05B 12/082 responsive to a condition of the discharged jet or spray, e.g. to jet shape, spray pattern or droplet size
• CPC Class Codes: B05B 15/18 for improving resistance to wear, e.g. inserts or coatings; for indicating wear; for handling or replacing worn parts
• CPC Class Codes: G01H 13/00 Measuring resonant frequency
• CPC Class Codes: G01H 3/08 Analysing frequencies present in complex vibrations, e.g. comparing harmonics present acoustic presence detection G01V1/001
• CPC Class Codes: G01H 3/10 Amplitude; Power
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/14 using acoustic emission techniques echo of particles G01N29/046; measuring mechanical vibrations or acoustic waves in solids in general G01H1/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/222 Constructional or flow details for analysing fluids optoacoustic fluid cells G01N29/2425
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/4454 Signal recognition, e.g. specific values or portions, signal events, signatures
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 29/46 by spectral analysis, e.g. Fourier analysis or wavelet analysis spectral signal processing per se G06F17/14

Abstract

A characteristic of a component having an engineered internal space can be analyzed by recording acoustic signals produced by fluid flow through the internal space at controlled flow rates, and determining one or more acoustic frequencies and acoustic intensities that are indicative of the characteristic of the component. A state and/or a source of the component can be predicted based on the results of such analysis.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing an internal characteristic of a component, the component having an engineered internal space, a fluid entrance and a fluid exit to allow fluid flow through the internal space past a portion of the component for which the internal characteristic is determined, the method comprising:

operating the component using a process control parameter;

receiving, by a processor, operational time-dependent acoustic data signals produced by the component during the fluid flow through the internal space at one or more controlled flow rates in response to operating the component using the process control parameter, wherein the one or more controlled flow rates are based on a type of the component;

converting, by the processor, the operational time-dependent acoustic data signals to an operational frequency-dependent spectrum;

extracting, by the processor, operational frequency and acoustic intensity values from the operational frequency-dependent spectrum;

identifying, by the processor, an operational frequency in the operational frequency-dependent spectrum that corresponds to the internal characteristic of the component by identifying the frequency that corresponds to a maximum operational acoustic intensity value in the extracted operational acoustic intensity values;

predicting, by the processor, based on the identified operational frequency, based on the maximum operational acoustic intensity value associated with the identified operational frequency, and based on the one or more controlled flow rates, at least one of an operational state or an operational source of the component by comparing the extracted operational frequency and acoustic intensity values in the operational frequency-dependent spectrum to a predetermined set of reference frequency and acoustic intensity values for the one or more controlled flow rates, wherein each of the set of reference frequency and acoustic intensity values is associated with a maximum reference acoustic intensity value for a sample component of a reference state or source; and

updating the process control parameter, based on the at least one of the operational state or the operational source of the component, in response to predicting the at least one of the operational state or the operational source of the component.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising identifying, by the processor, a maximum operational acoustic intensity value in the extracted acoustic intensity values and determining a portion of the operational frequency-dependent spectrum that corresponds to the maximum operational acoustic intensity value.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising using the identified portion of the operational frequency-dependent spectrum to analyze the internal characteristic of the component.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising identifying, by the processor, a portion of the operational frequency spectrum that corresponds to flow phenomena comprising one or more of vortical flow, jet screech, or shock cell generation.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, by the processor, acoustic data signals that are detectable by a microphone and performing the method using the acoustic data signals that are detectable by a microphone.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving, by the processor, acoustic data signals that are not detectable by a human ear and performing the method using the acoustic data signals that are not detectable by a human ear.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising calculating, by the processor, based on at least one of the identified operational frequency or the maximum operational acoustic intensity value, a probability that the state of the component is worn.

8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

generating, by the processor, a fit model as a function of frequency and intensity based on the predetermined set of reference frequency and acoustic intensity values for the one or more controlled flow rates, wherein each of the set of reference frequency and acoustic intensity values is associated with a sample component of reference state, wherein the state of each sample component comprises new or worn, and

predicting, by the processor, a likelihood that the state of the component is worn using the fit model.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising calculating, by the processor, based on at least one of the identified operational frequency or the maximum operational acoustic intensity value, a probability that the source of the component is a particular manufacturer.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising generating, by the processor, a fit model as a function of frequency and source, and predicting a likelihood that the component is made by a particular source using the fit model.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising, by the processor:

generating a plurality of spectrograms of the extracted frequency values and the corresponding flow rates,

analyzing the differences in the spectrograms, and

predicting, based on the differences in the spectrograms, at least one of the state and the source of the component.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the component comprises one of a thermal spray nozzle and an electrode of a thermal spray device.

13. A computing device comprising a processor and memory having stored therein a plurality of instructions that when executed by the processor cause the computing device to perform the method of claim 1.

14. An apparatus comprising:

a fluid supply to supply fluid to the fluid entrance of a component having an engineered internal space, a fluid entrance and a fluid exit to allow fluid flow through the internal space past a portion of the component for which an internal characteristic is determined,

a flow regulator to control the flow rate through the internal space of the component,

an attachment apparatus to attach the fluid supply to the component,

a microphone configured to capture acoustic data signals associated with the flow of the fluid through the component, and

a processor configured to;

(i) receive operational time-dependent acoustic data signals produced by the component during the fluid flow through the internal space at one or more controlled flow rates, wherein the one or more controlled flow rates are based on a type of the component,

(ii) convert the operational time-dependent acoustic data signals to operational frequency-dependent spectrum,

(iii) extract operational frequency and acoustic intensity values from the operational frequency-dependent spectrum,

(iv) identify an operational frequency in the operational frequency-dependent spectrum that corresponds to the internal characteristic of the component by identifying the frequency that corresponds to a maximum operational acoustic intensity value in the extracted operational acoustic intensity values,

(v) predict at least one of an operational state or an operational source of the component, based on the identified operational frequency, based on the maximum operational acoustic intensity value associated with the identified operational frequency, and based on the one or more controlled flow rates, by comparing the extracted operational frequency and acoustic intensity values in the operational frequency-dependent spectrum to a predetermined set of reference frequency and acoustic intensity values for the one or more controlled flow rates, wherein each of the set of reference frequency and acoustic intensity values is associated with a maximum reference acoustic intensity value for a sample component of a reference state or source, and

(vi) update a process control parameter, based on the at least one of the operational state or the operational source of the component, in response to a prediction of the at least one of the operational state or the operational source of the component, and

(vii) supply the process control parameter to the flow regulator to control the flow rate through the internal space of the component.

15. A method for analyzing an internal characteristic of a component, the component having an engineered internal space, a fluid entrance and a fluid exit to allow supersonic fluid flow through the internal space past a portion of the component for which the internal characteristic is determined, the method comprising:

operating the component using a process control parameter;

receiving, by a processor, operational time-dependent acoustic data signals produced by the component during the supersonic fluid flow through the internal space at a plurality of different flow rates over time in response to operating the component using the process control parameter, wherein the plurality of different flow rates are based on a type of the component;

converting, by the processor, the operational time-dependent acoustic data signals to an operational frequency-dependent spectrum;

determining, by the processor, for each of the different flow rates, an operational peak frequency value from the operational frequency-dependent spectrum, the operational peak frequency value with a maximum operational acoustic intensity at the flow rate;

predicting, by the processor, based on the operational peak frequency values, wherein predicting the at least one of an operational state or an operational source of the component by comparing the operational peak frequency values to a predetermined set of reference peak frequency values for the different flow rates, wherein each of the reference peak frequency values is associated with a sample component of a reference state or source; and

updating the process control parameter, based on the at least one of the operational state or the operational source of the component, in response to predicting the at least one of the operational state or the operational source of the component.

16. The method of claim 15, comprising:

generating, by the processor, a fit model as a function of the peak frequency and flow rate based on the predetermined set of reference peak frequency values for the different flow rates, wherein each of the set of reference peak frequency values is associated with a sample component of a reference state, wherein the state of each sample component comprises new or worn, and

predicting, by the processor, a likelihood that the component is worn using the fit model.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the component comprises a powder port of a thermal spray device.