Bender bar modal shaping

• US 10,280,744 B2
• Filed: 02/21/2014
• Issued: 05/07/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 02/21/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services Incorporated (Halliburton Company)
• Original Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services Incorporated (Halliburton Company)
• Inventors: Fripp, Michael L., Junghans, Paul G., Li, Chen, Mandal, Batakrishna
• Primary Examiner(s): Odom, Curtis B
• Application Number:
  US14/443,046
• Publication Number:
  US 20160273351A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,901 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B06B 1/0603 using a piezoelectric bender, e.g. bimorph
• CPC Class Codes: B06B 1/0607 using multiple elements B06B1/064 and B06B1/0688 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 47/18 through the well fluid , e.g. mud pressure pulse telemetry
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 49/00 Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
• CPC Class Codes: H10N 30/03 Assembling devices that include piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts

Abstract

An acoustic transducer, such as a bender bar, having ferroelectric actuation elements that are designed to optimize a predetermined deflection mode shape. The acoustic transducers may include one or more rounded modally shaped actuation elements or weighted actuation elements. Modal shaping of the actuation elements allows for specific targeting of modes which most efficiently radiate acoustic energy.

Claims

1. An acoustic transducer for use in a wellbore, the acoustic transducer comprising:

an inert element; and

a ferroelectric actuation element coupled to the inert element to thereby produce acoustic forces that propagate through fluid within the wellbore, wherein the acoustic transducer was manufactured using a method comprising;

coupling driver circuitry to the ferroelectric actuation element;

selecting a mode shape of vibration of the acoustic transducer;

determining a geometric shape of the ferroelectric actuation element that, when driven by the driver circuitry, results in the ferroelectric actuation element causing the acoustic transducer to vibrate in the selected mode shape of vibration;

shaping the ferroelectric actuation element to match the geometric shape, thereby configuring the ferroelectric actuation element to couple with the selected mode shape of vibration of the acoustic transducer; and

coupling the ferroelectric actuation element to the inert element.

2. An acoustic transducer as defined in claim 1, wherein the acoustic transducer is a bender bar.

3. An acoustic transducer as defined in claim 2, wherein the bender bar is utilized as a transmitter.

4. An acoustic transducer as defined in claim 1, wherein the ferroelectric actuation element comprises weighted ferroelectric actuation elements.

5. An acoustic transducer as defined in claim 4, wherein the weighted ferroelectric actuation elements comprise:

a first ferroelectric actuation element polarized in a first direction; and

a second ferroelectric actuation element polarized in a second direction opposite the first direction,

wherein the second ferroelectric actuation element is proximate the first ferroelectric actuation element.

6. An acoustic transducer as defined in claim 5, wherein the weighted ferroelectric actuation elements further comprise a third ferroelectric actuation element polarized in the first direction, and

wherein the second ferroelectric actuation element is positioned between the first and third ferroelectric actuation elements.

7. An acoustic transducer as defined in claim 1, wherein the fluid along the wellbore is a drilling or completion fluid.

8. An acoustic transducer as defined in claim 1, wherein the acoustic forces are dipole acoustic forces.

9. An acoustic transducer as defined in claim 1, wherein the acoustic transducer is a rounded modally shaped transducer.

10. A method for performing a wellbore operation utilizing an acoustic transducer as defined in any of claims 1-9, the method comprising:

deploying the acoustic transducer into the wellbore;

using the ferroelectric actuation element, transferring electrical energy into a mechanical mode shape of the acoustic transducer that efficiently radiates acoustic energy; and

radiating the acoustic energy through fluid of the wellbore.

11. A method as defined in claim 10, further comprising avoiding those mechanical mode shapes that do not efficiently radiate the acoustic energy.

12. A method as defined in claim 10, wherein the wellbore operation is a wireline or logging-while-drilling operation.

13. A method of manufacturing an acoustic transducer, comprising:

providing an inert element;

providing a ferroelectric actuation element;

coupling driver circuitry to the ferroelectric actuation element;

selecting a mode shape of vibration of the acoustic transducer;

determining a geometric shape of the ferroelectric actuation element that, when driven by the driver circuitry, results in the ferroelectric actuation element causing the acoustic transducer to vibrate in the selected mode shape of vibration;

shaping the ferroelectric actuation element to match the geometric shape, thereby configuring the ferroelectric actuation element to couple with the selected mode shape of vibration of the acoustic transducer; and

coupling the ferroelectric actuation element to the inert element.

14. A method as defined in claim 13, wherein the acoustic transducer produces acoustic forces that propagate through fluid within a wellbore.

15. A method as defined in claim 13, wherein the acoustic transducer is provided as a bender bar.

16. A method as defined in claim 15, wherein the bender bar is provided as a transmitter.

17. A method as defined in claim 13, wherein configuring the ferroelectric actuation element further comprises providing the ferroelectric actuation element as weighted ferroelectric actuation elements.

18. A method as defined in claim 17, wherein providing the ferroelectric actuation element as weighted ferroelectric actuation elements further comprises:

providing a first ferroelectric actuation element polarized in a first direction; and

providing a second ferroelectric actuation element polarized in a second direction opposite the first direction,

wherein the second ferroelectric actuation element is positioned proximate the first ferroelectric actuation element.

19. A method as defined in claim 18, further comprising providing a third ferroelectric actuation element polarized in the first direction, wherein the second ferroelectric actuation element is positioned between the first and third ferroelectric actuation elements.