Apparatus with flow-through capacitors for the purification of a liquid and process for the purification of said liquid
First Claim
1. Apparatus with flow-through capacitors for the purification of a liquid, such apparatus comprising:
- at least one cell which is provided with at least one flow-through capacitor provided with two or more electrodes facing each other, between which a liquid to be treated containing ionized particles is susceptible to flow;
an electrical power supply adapted to supply a direct current supply voltage (VA);
a modulation circuit electrically connected in input to said electrical power supply in order to receive said direct current supply voltage (VA), electrically connected in output to said at least one flow-through capacitor and provided with at least one switch actuatable to apply at least one operating voltage between the facing electrodes of said at least one flow-through capacitor;
a control circuit connected to said at least one switch and provided with a control module with pulse width modulation (PWM), wherein said control circuit drives the switching of said at least one switch so that said at least one switch supplies power to said facing electrodes with at least one pulsed voltage having average value proportional to said operating voltage;
wherein said pulsed voltage has rectangular waveform having a duty cycle adjustable by said control circuit, so that said pulsed voltage having rectangular waveform is applied to said at least one flow-through capacitor;
wherein said pulsed voltage has a frequency greater than about 30 Hz.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Apparatus with flow-through capacitors for the purification of a liquid, which comprises: at least one cell (2) provided with at least one flow-through capacitor (4) provided with two or more electrodes facing each other, between which a liquid to be treated is susceptible to flow; electrical power supply means (13) adapted to supply a direct supply voltage (VA); a modulation circuit (14) connected in input to the electrical power supply means (13) in order to receive the supply voltage (VA) and provided with switches (22′, 22″; 23′, 23″) actuatable to apply at least one operating voltage between the facing electrodes of each capacitor (4). In addition, the present apparatus comprises a control circuit (24) which is connected to the switches (22′, 22″; 23′, 23″) of the modulation circuit (14), and is provided with a control module with pulse width modulation (PWM), which drives the switching of the switches (22′, 22″; 23′, 23″) by power supplying the facing electrodes of each capacitor (4) by means of a pulsed voltage having average value proportional to the aforesaid operating voltage.
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Citations
14 Claims
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1. Apparatus with flow-through capacitors for the purification of a liquid, such apparatus comprising:
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at least one cell which is provided with at least one flow-through capacitor provided with two or more electrodes facing each other, between which a liquid to be treated containing ionized particles is susceptible to flow; an electrical power supply adapted to supply a direct current supply voltage (VA); a modulation circuit electrically connected in input to said electrical power supply in order to receive said direct current supply voltage (VA), electrically connected in output to said at least one flow-through capacitor and provided with at least one switch actuatable to apply at least one operating voltage between the facing electrodes of said at least one flow-through capacitor; a control circuit connected to said at least one switch and provided with a control module with pulse width modulation (PWM), wherein said control circuit drives the switching of said at least one switch so that said at least one switch supplies power to said facing electrodes with at least one pulsed voltage having average value proportional to said operating voltage; wherein said pulsed voltage has rectangular waveform having a duty cycle adjustable by said control circuit, so that said pulsed voltage having rectangular waveform is applied to said at least one flow-through capacitor; wherein said pulsed voltage has a frequency greater than about 30 Hz. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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10. Apparatus with flow-through capacitors for the purification of a liquid, such apparatus comprising:
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at least one cell which is provided with at least one flow-through capacitor provided with two or more electrodes facing each other, between which a liquid to be treated containing ionized particles is susceptible to flow; an electrical power supply adapted to supply a direct current supply voltage (VA); a modulation circuit electrically connected in input to said electrical power supply in order to receive said direct current supply voltage (VA), electrically connected in output to said at least one flow-through capacitor and provided with at least one switch actuatable to apply at least one operating voltage between the facing electrodes of said at least one flow-through capacitor; a control circuit connected to said at least one switch and provided with a control module with pulse width modulation (PWM), wherein said control circuit drives the switching of said at least one switch so that said at least one switch supplies power to said facing electrodes with at least one pulsed voltage having average value proportional to said operating voltage; wherein said cell is provided with two connection terminals and comprises at least two said flow-through capacitors, which are susceptible to be traversed by said liquid to be treated containing ionized particles and are electrically connected in series, by means of their power supply nodes, between the connection terminals of said cell; wherein said cell comprises at least one first adjustment switch connected in parallel to the power supply nodes of each said flow-through capacitor; wherein said control circuit is provided with; detection means connected to the power supply nodes of each flow-through capacitor of said cell for detecting values of the operating voltage between the power supply nodes of each said flow-through capacitor, a command module adapted to actuate said first adjustment switch to switch between a first closed position, in which said first adjustment switch allows the passage of current between two first terminals thereof, and a first open position, in which said first adjustment switch prevents the passage of current between said first terminals; wherein the command module of said control circuit is configured to actuate said first adjustment switch to switch in said first closed position at at least one value of said operating voltage, measured by said detection means, greater in absolute value than a predetermined threshold value, in order to bring said operating voltage to said threshold value; wherein said cell comprises at least one second adjustment switch connected in series to each corresponding said flow-through capacitor, and actuatable by said command module to switch between a second closed position, in which said second adjustment switch allows the passage of current between two second terminals thereof, and a second open position, in which said second adjustment switch prevents the passage of current between said second terminals; said command module actuating said second adjustment switch to switch in said second open position at at least one value of said operating voltage greater in absolute value than said threshold value.
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Specification