Front-lit reflective display device

• US 10,288,254 B2
• Filed: 02/23/2012
• Issued: 05/14/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 02/25/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Inventors: Schaffer, Kevin R., Thompson, David Scott, Yang, Zhaohui, Hao, Encai, Sherman, Audrey A., Meis, Michael A., Bryan, William J., Wheatley, John A., Woody, Joseph W., Solomonson, Steven D., Stay, Matthew S., Pekurovsky, Mikhail L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Gyllstrom, Bryon T
• Assistant Examiner(s): Endo, James M
• Application Number:
  US13/984,239
• Publication Number:
  US 20140003086A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,637 Days
• Field of Search: 362603, 4283222, 4283055, 359567, 359599, 359707
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 20/00 Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 5/00 Refractors for light sources characterised by cooling arrangements F21V29/504
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/005 provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0051 Diffusing sheet or layer
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133553 Reflecting elements associated to illuminating devices G02F1/133605
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133616 Front illuminating devices
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 977/834 Optical properties of nanomaterial, e.g. specified transparency, opacity, or index of refraction

Abstract

This application describes a front-lit reflective display assembly including a reflective display and an illumination article for front-lighting the display when the article is optically coupled to a light source. The illumination article includes a variable index light extraction layer optically coupled to a lightguide. The variable index light extraction layer has first and second regions, the first region comprising nanovoided polymeric material, the second region comprising the nanovoided polymeric material and an additional material, the first and second regions being disposed such that for light being transported at a supercritical angle in the lightguide, the variable index light extraction layer selectively extracts the light in a predetermined way based on the geometric arrangement of the first and second regions. Front-lit reflective display devices including the front-lit reflective display assembly optically coupled to a light source are also described.

Claims

1. An illumination article comprising:

a variable index light extraction layer comprising a first region and a second region, the first region comprising a nanovoided polymeric material, the second region comprising the nanovoided polymeric material and an additional material residing within nanovoids of the nanovoided polymeric material, and

one or more layers disposed on a same side of the variable index light extraction layer, the one or more layers comprising a light guide optically coupled to the variable index light extraction layer such that light transported in the light guide undergoes total internal reflection at a first interface between the first region and the one or more layers and passes through a second interface between the second region and the one or more layers.

2. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the one or more layers further comprises an optically clear adhesive layer disposed on the variable index light extraction layer, an interface between the optically clear adhesive layer and the variable index light extraction layer comprising the first and second interfaces.

3. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the first region has a first refractive index, the second region has a second refractive index, and the difference between the first and second refractive indices is about 0.03 to about 0.5.

4. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the nanovoids of the nanovoided polymeric material comprises a plurality of interconnected nanovoids dispersed in a binder.

5. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the first region has a first refractive index less than about 1.4.

6. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the first region has a void volume of about 20 to about 60%.

7. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the first region has a haze less than about 5% and a clarity greater than about 90%.

8. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the second region has a void volume of less than about 20%.

9. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the variable index light extraction layer has a light transmittance of greater than about 90%.

10. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the second region comprises a plurality of second regions arranged in a pattern across a transverse plane of the variable index light extraction layer.

11. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the second region comprises a plurality of second regions disposed randomly across a transverse plane of the variable index light extraction layer.

12. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the first region is continuous across a transverse plane of the variable index light extraction layer.

13. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the second region is discontinuous across a transverse plane of the variable index light extraction layer.

14. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the second region comprises a plurality of second regions, and a density of the second regions varies in one dimension across a transverse plane of the variable index light extraction layer.

15. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the second region comprises a plurality of second regions, and a density of the second regions varies in two dimensions across a transverse plane of the variable index light extraction layer.

16. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the additional material comprises an ink.

17. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the first region has a first refractive index, the second region has a second refractive index, and a refractive index of the light guide is greater than the first refractive index and less than or equal to the second refractive index.

18. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein there is no air gap between the light guide and the variable index light extraction layer.

19. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein the light guide comprises a viscoelastic light guide.

20. The illumination article of claim 1, wherein an interface between the light guide and the variable index light extraction layer comprises the first and second interfaces.

21. A display assembly comprising the illumination article of claim 1 and a reflective scattering substrate, wherein the reflective scattering substrate is optically coupled to the variable index light extraction layer and the light guide, and wherein the display assembly is a front-lit reflective display assembly.

22. The display assembly of claim 21, wherein the reflective scattering substrate comprises a reflective display.