Ambient light sensor window coatings for electronic devices

• US 10,288,476 B2
• Filed: 10/13/2016
• Issued: 05/14/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 12/21/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Jia, Zhang, Matsuyuki, Naoto, Rogers, Matthew S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lee, John R
• Application Number:
  US15/293,204
• Publication Number:
  US 20170176246A1
• Time in Patent Office: 943 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0219 Electrical interface; User interface
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0233 Handheld
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0247 using a charging unit
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0271 Housings; Attachments or accessories for photometers
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0407 Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0418 using attenuators
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0422 using light concentrators, collectors or condensers
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/0459 using an optical amplifier of light or coatings to improve optical coupling
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/4204 with determination of ambient light solar light G01J2001/4266
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0205 Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0213 using attenuators
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0216 using light concentrators or collectors or condensers
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0264 Electrical interface; User interface
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0272 Handheld
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/0283 using a charging unit
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 3/50 using electric radiation detectors
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 1/115 Multilayers
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 1/116 including electrically conducting layers
• CPC Class Codes: G09F 9/00 Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the variable information is permanently attached to a movable support G09F11/00; abacus G06C1/00; slide-rules G06G1/00

Abstract

An electronic device may have a display with a cover layer. An ambient light sensor may be aligned with an ambient light sensor window formed from an opening in a masking layer on the cover layer in an inactive portion of the display. To help mask the ambient light sensor window from view, the ambient light sensor window may be provided with a black coating that matches the appearance of surrounding masking layer material while allowing light to reach the ambient light sensor. The black coating may be formed from a black physical vapor deposition thin-film inorganic layer with a high index of refraction. An antireflection layer formed from a stack of dielectric layers may be interposed between the black thin-film inorganic layer and the display cover layer.

Claims

1. An electronic device, comprising:

an ambient light sensor;

a transparent structure having a portion forming a window that is aligned with the ambient light sensor; and

a coating on the transparent structure that is interposed between the ambient light sensor and the transparent structure and that overlaps the window, wherein the coating has a physical vapor deposition thin-film coating and a stack of dielectric layers interposed between the physical vapor deposition thin-film coating and the transparent structure.

2. The electronic device defined in claim 1 further comprising a display, wherein the transparent structure comprises a display cover layer for the display.

3. The electronic device defined in claim 2 wherein the physical vapor deposition thin-film coating has an index of refraction of at least 1.8.

4. The electronic device defined in claim 2 wherein the physical vapor deposition thin-film coating has an index of refraction of at least 2.1.

5. The electronic device defined in claim 2 wherein the physical vapor deposition thin-film coating comprises a metal nitride.

6. The electronic device defined in claim 2 wherein the physical vapor deposition thin-film coating comprises aluminum titanium nitride.

7. The electronic device defined in claim 2 wherein the stack of dielectric layers comprises a plurality of layers with a first index of refraction and a plurality of interleaved layers with a second index of refraction that is different than the first index of refraction.

8. The electronic device defined in claim 7 wherein the stack of dielectric layers comprises at least one meal oxide layer.

9. The electronic device defined in claim 8 wherein the physical vapor deposition thin-film coating comprises a black layer with a visible light transmission of less than 20%.

10. The electronic device defined in claim 9 wherein the physical vapor deposition thin-film coating has an index of refraction of at least 2.2.

11. An electronic device, comprising:

a display having a display cover layer that overlaps an active area with pixels that display images and an inactive area without pixels;

an ambient light sensor that receives light through a portion of the display cover layer that overlaps the inactive area; and

a coating on the portion of the display cover layer, wherein the coating includes a black inorganic layer and a stack of dielectric layers.

12. The electronic device defined in claim 11 wherein the stack of dielectric layers is between the black inorganic layer and the display cover layer.

13. The electronic device defined in claim 12 wherein the black inorganic layer comprises a metal nitride.

14. The electronic device defined in claim 12 wherein the black inorganic layer has an index of refraction of at least 2.1.

15. The electronic device defined in claim 12 wherein the coating is interposed between the ambient light sensor and the display cover layer and wherein the stack of dielectric layers includes at least one metal oxide layer.

16. The electronic device defined in claim 12 wherein the stack of dielectric layers includes at least some dielectric layers with a first index of refraction and some dielectric layers with a second index of refraction that is different from the first index of refraction.

17. The electronic device defined in claim 16 further comprising a layer of black ink on the display cover layer, wherein the coating is formed in an opening in the black ink and wherein the stack of dielectric layers is configured to form an antireflection and color adjustment layer.

22. The electronic device defined in claim 15 wherein the at least one metal oxide layer is titanium oxide.

18. An electronic device, comprising:

a housing;

a display in the housing that has a display cover layer;

a black opaque masking layer on the display cover layer that has an opening that forms an ambient light sensor window;

an ambient light sensor in the housing that receives ambient light through the ambient light sensor window; and

a coating on the display cover layer in the opening, wherein the coating includes a black thin-film inorganic layer and an antireflection layer, wherein the antireflection layer is configured to reduce reflections of visible light from the ambient light sensor window.

19. The electronic device defined in claim 18 wherein antireflection layer is between the black thin-film inorganic layer and the display cover layer.

20. The electronic device defined in claim 19 wherein the black thin-film inorganic layer comprises a physical vapor deposition layer with an index of refraction of at least 1.9.

21. The electronic device defined in claim 20 wherein the antireflection layer comprises at least three inorganic dielectric layers.