System, method and apparatus for capacity determination for micro grid and tangible computer readable medium

• US 10,290,064 B2
• Filed: 10/21/2014
• Issued: 05/14/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 10/21/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Accenture Global Services Limited (Accenture PLC)
• Original Assignee: Accenture Global Services Limited (Accenture PLC)
• Inventors: Zhou, Qin, Bao, Zhejing, Yang, Zhihui, Zhang, Jianhua
• Primary Examiner(s): Suryawanshi, Suresh
• Application Number:
  US15/520,370
• Publication Number:
  US 20170308968A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,666 Days
• Field of Search: 700291
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/04 Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem" market predictions or forecasting for commercial activities G06Q30/0202
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 50/06 Energy or water supply
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2203/20 Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/14 The load or loads being home appliances
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/64 The condition being economic, e.g. tariff based load management
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/00 Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/381 Dispersed generators
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/76 Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 50/10 Energy trading, including energy flowing from end-user application to grid

Abstract

The present disclosure presents a system, method, and apparatus for capacity determination in a micro grid, and a tangible computer readable medium. The micro grid comprises multi-type energy supply devices to provide both electricity and thermal energy, In embodiments of the present disclosure, a capacity determination process for minimizing both annual integrated cost for the micro grid and annual energy outage cost, is performed under constraints on electricity supply/demand balance and thermal energy supply/demand balance, and operation constraints on the multi-type energy supply devices, to determine respective numbers or energy supply capacity of the multi-type energy supply device. With embodiments of the present disclosure, it may achieve an optimal capacity termination which could provide a significant cost saving and at the same time guarantees the operation reliability of the micro grid.

Claims

1. A system for capacity determination for a micro grid, wherein the micro grid comprises multi-type energy supply devices to provide both electricity and thermal energy, the system comprising:

at least one processor; and

at least one memory that is non-transitory, the at least one memory storing computer executable instructions,

wherein the at least one memory and the computer executable instructions are executable by the at least one processor, to cause the system to;

perform, a device capacity determination process for minimizing both annual integrated resource allocations for the micro grid and annual energy outages, the device capacity determination process performed under constraints on electricity supply/demand balance and thermal energy supply/demand balance, and operation constraints on the multi-type energy supply devices;

determine respective numbers or capacities of the multi-type energy supply devices; and

generate an output to a user interface of results that include the determined respective number or capacities.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the micro grid comprises a renewable energy supply device, a battery storage, an ice-storage air-conditioner, a combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) unit, an air-conditioning device, and a heating supply device.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the annual integrated resource allocations for the micro grid comprises annual device investment, annual device operation, annual device maintenance and annual pollutant treatment, and the annual energy outages comprises electricity outages and thermal energy outages.

4. The system according to claim 2, wherein the operation constraints on the multi-type energy supply devices comprise operation constraints on the CCHP unit including at least one of:

an electricity output efficiency model for the CCHP unit;

an electricity output and cooling output relationship model for the CCHP unit;

or

relationship between consumed gas volume and the electricity output and the electricity output efficiency of the CCHP unit.

5. The system according to claim 2, wherein the operation constraints on the multi-type energy supply devices comprise operation constraints on the ice-storage air-conditioner including at least one of:

an operation model of the ice-storage air-conditioner in air-conditioning mode,

an operation model of the ice-storage air-conditioner in ice-making mode,

an operation model of the ice-storage air-conditioner in ice-melting mode,

an operation model of the ice-storage air-conditioner in ice-melting &

air-conditioning mode, or

an operation model of ice-storage tank of the ice-storage air-conditioner.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein performance of the device capacity determination process comprises at least one of:

annual utilization limit of renewable energy;

annual discard limit of the renewable energy;

upper and/or lower limits for the respective numbers or capacity of the multi-type energy supply devices;

or

upper and/or lower limits for electricity exchanged between the micro grid and a macro grid which the micro-grid can be connected.

7. The system according to claim 2, wherein the at least one memory and the computer executable instructions are further executable by the at least one processor, to cause the system to:

pre-perform an optimal energy scheduling process by determination of operation priorities of the multi-type energy supply devices and an operation mode of the CCHP unit at each time interval in a scheduling period based on matching relationship between thermal demand and electricity demand and operation scenarios of the micro grid, the determination of operation priorities pre-performed in accordance with a goal of minimization of integrated resource allocations and energy outages and preservation of the electricity supply/demand balance and the thermal energy supply/demand balance.

8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the thermal energy comprises cooling energy and heating energy, wherein the optimal energy scheduling process comprises a heating and electricity coordinated daily schedule process and a cooling and electricity coordinated daily schedule process.

9. The system according to claim 8, wherein the at least one memory and the computer executable instructions are further executable by the at least one processor, to cause the system to determine, as at least part of the heating and electricity coordinated daily schedule process, a strategy of scheduling heating and electricity supply based on operation of the micro-grid in one of a grid-connected mode or a planned island mode within each time interval of the scheduling period, and to cause the system to reschedule possible unsatisfied electricity load to one or more other time intervals of the scheduling period, and apply an unplanned island mode to a time interval in response to occurrence of an unplanned island event within the time interval;

wherein, in the grid-connected mode, the at least one memory and the computer executable instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the system to;

determine the operation mode of the CCHP unit based on matching a relationship between thermal demand and electricity demand, control the supply of electricity in a priority order of the renewable energy supply device, the CCHP unit, and a macro grid to which the micro grid can be connected to, and control the supply of the heating energy in a priority order of the CCHP unit and the ordinary heating supply device;

wherein, in the planned island mode, the at least one memory and the computer executable instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the system to;

operate the CCHP unit in a mode in which supplied heating energy is determined by electricity, control the supply of the electricity by a priority order of the renewable energy supply device, the CCHP unit and the storage battery, and control the supply of the heating energy by a priority order of the CCHP unit and the ordinary heating supply device; and

wherein, in the unplanned island mode, the at least one memory and the computer executable instructions are further executable by the at least one processor, to cause the system to;

operate the CCHP unit in a mode in which supplied heating energy is determined by electricity, adjust the electricity based on scheduled shift-in and shift-out electricity load, control the supply of the electricity in a priority order of the renewable energy supply device, the CCHP unit and the storage battery; and

control the supply of the heating energy in a priority order of the CCHP unit and the ordinary heating supply device.

10. The system according to claim 8, wherein the at least one memory and the computer executable instructions are further executable by the at least one processor, to cause the system to determine, as at least part of the cooling and electricity coordinated daily schedule process, a strategy of scheduling heating and electricity supply based on operation of the micro-grid in one of a grid-connected mode or a planned island mode within each time interval of the scheduling period, to cause the system to determine the required continuous ice-making hours for a possible cooling demand gap, to cause the system to reschedule possible unsatisfied electricity load to one or more other time intervals in the scheduling period, and to cause the system to apply an unplanned island mode to a time interval in response to occurrence of an unplanned island event within the time interval;

wherein in the grid-connected mode, the at least one memory and the computer executable instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the system to;

determine the operation mode of the CCHP unit based on a matching relationship between thermal demand and electricity demand, control the supply of electricity in a priority order of the renewable energy, the CCHP unit and the macro grid, and control the supply of the cooling energy in a priority order of remaining renewable energy after supplying electric loads, the CCHP unit while supplying the electric loads, the CCHP unit while driving the ice-storage air-conditioner, the macro grid for driving the ice-storage air-conditioner and the ordinary air-conditioner;

wherein, in the planned island mode, the at least one memory and the computer executable instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the system to;

operate the CCHP unit in a mode in which supplied cooling energy is determined by electricity and the battery storage is used when there is no electricity available for ice-making, control the supply of the electricity in a priority order of the renewable energy, the CCHP unit and the battery storage, and control the supply of the cooling energy in a priority order of remaining renewable energy after supplying electric loads, the CCHP unit while supplying the electric loads, the CCHP unit while driving the ice-storage air-conditioner; and

wherein in the unplanned island mode, the at least one memory and the computer executable instructions are further executable by the at least one processor, to cause the system to;

determine the operation mode of the CCHP in which supplied cooling energy is determined by the electricity and the battery storage is used when there is no electricity available for ice-making, reschedule a reduced amount of stored cooling energy of the ice-storage air-conditioner to one or more following ice-melting time intervals in response to the CCHP unit being in a valley-time period, substantially maintain an originally scheduled value of the ice-melting of the ice-storage air-conditioner in response to the CCHP unit being in an off-valley time period;

control the supply of the electricity in a priority order of the renewable energy, the CCHP unit and the battery storage, and control the supply of the cooling energy in the priority order of remaining renewable energy after supplying electric loads, the CCHP unit while supplying the electric loads, the CCHP unit while driving the ice-storage air-conditioner.

11. The system according to claim 1, wherein the at least one memory and the computer executable instructions are further executable by the at least one processor to cause the system to perform the device capacity determination process with a multiple-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm in which the number or capacity of the multi-type energy supplying devices are selected as particles of the multiple-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm.

12. A method for capacity determination for a micro grid, wherein the micro grid comprises multi-type energy supply devices to provide both electricity and thermal energy, the method comprising:

performing, a device capacity determination process for minimizing both annual integrated resource allocation for the micro grid and annual energy outages,

applying constraints on electricity supply/demand balance and thermal energy supply/demand balance;

applying operation constraints on the multi-type energy supply devices;

determining respective numbers or capacities of the multi-type energy supply devices; and

displaying values of the respective numbers or capacities of the multi-type energy supply devices on a user interface.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the multi-type energy supply devices comprise a renewable energy supply device, a battery storage, an ice-storage air-conditioner, a combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) unit, an ordinary air-conditioning device, and an ordinary heating supply device, and the annual integrated resource allocation for the micro grid comprises annual device investment, annual device operation, annual device maintenance and annual pollutant treatment for the multi-type energy supply devices, and the annual energy outages comprise electricity outages and thermal energy outages related to the multi-type energy supply devices.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein applying the operation constraints on the multi-type energy supply devices comprises applying operation constraints on the CCHP unit including at least one of:

an electricity output efficiency model for the CCHP unit;

an electricity output and cooling output relationship model for the CCHP unit;

or

relationship between consumed gas volume and the electricity output and the electricity output efficiency of the CCHP unit.

15. The method according claim 13, wherein applying the operation constraints on the multi-type energy supply devices comprises applying operation constraints on the ice-storage air-conditioner including at least one of

an operation model of the ice-storage air-conditioner in air-conditioning mode,

an operation model of the ice-storage air-conditioner in ice-making mode,

an operation model of the ice-storage air-conditioner in ice-melting mode,

an operation model of the ice-storage air-conditioner in ice-melting &

air-conditioning mode, or

an operation model of ice-storage tank of the ice-storage air-conditioner.

16. The method according to claim 12, wherein performing the device capacity determination process comprises performing the device capacity determination process according to at least one of:

annual utilization limit of renewable energy;

annual discard limit of the renewable energy;

upper and/or lower limits for the respective numbers or capacity of the multi-type energy supply devices;

or

upper and/or lower limits for electricity exchanged between the micro grid and a macro grid which the micro-grid can be connected.

17. The method according to claim 13, further comprising pre-performing an optimal energy scheduling process by determining operation priorities of the multi-type energy supply devices and an operation mode of the CCHP unit at each time interval in a scheduling period based on matching relationship between thermal demand and electricity demand and operation scenarios of the micro grid with an aim of minimizing integrated resource allocation and energy outages while keeping the electricity supply/demand balance and the thermal energy supply/demand balance.

18. The method according to any of claim 17, wherein the thermal energy comprises the cooling energy and heating energy, wherein the optimal energy scheduling process comprises a heating and electricity coordinated daily schedule process and a cooling and electricity coordinated daily schedule process.

19. The method according to claim 12, wherein performing the device capacity determination process comprises performing a multiple-objective particle swarm optimization by selecting the number or capacity of the multi-types energy supplying device as particles of the multiple-objective particle swarm optimization.

20. A tangible computer readable medium comprising instructions executable by a processor, the tangible computer readable medium comprising:

instructions executable by the processor to perform a device capacity determination process for minimizing both annual integrated resource allocation for a micro grid and annual energy outages, the micro grid comprising multi-type energy supply devices to provide both electricity and thermal energy;

instructions executable by the processor to perform the device capacity determination process under constraints on electricity supply/demand balance and thermal energy supply/demand balance;

instructions executable by the processor to perform the device capacity determination process under operation constraints on the multi-type energy supply devices;

instructions executable by the processor to determine respective numbers or capacities of the multi-type energy supply devices based on the device capacity determination process, constraints on electricity supply/demand balance and thermal energy supply/demand balance, and operation constraints on the multi-type energy supply devices; and

instructions executable by the processor to output values for the determined respective numbers or capacities of the multi-type energy supply devices.