Body including surface having concentric annular portions

• US 10,295,838 B1
• Filed: 09/16/2016
• Issued: 05/21/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 09/30/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Arbore, Mark A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Sang H
• Application Number:
  US15/267,321
• Time in Patent Office: 977 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/4133 Refractometers, e.g. differential
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/4795 spatially resolved investigating of object in scattering medium in vivo A61B
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/8806 Specially adapted optical and illumination features
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2201/068 Optics, miscellaneous
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/4205 having a diffractive optical element [DOE] contributing to image formation, e.g. whereby modulation transfer function MTF or optical aberrations are relevant
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/4233 having a diffractive element [DOE] contributing to a non-imaging application diffusers having a diffractive element G02B5/0252; filters having a diffractive element G02B5/203; systems for controlling the direction of light having diffractive elements G02B26/0808; scanning systems having diffractive elements G02B26/106; beam shaping systems using diffractive optical elements G02B27/0944; beam splitting or combining systems operating by diffraction G02B27/1086
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/46 Systems using spatial filters
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 7/34 using different areas in a pupil plane

Abstract

A confocal inspection system can analyze light collected from a sample. For absorptive samples, it can be desirable to bin the collected light as a function of optical path length traversed in the sample. To perform this binning, the optical system can direct the collected light to a body having a surface that includes concentric annular portions that impart unique non-focusing angular redirections to respective portions of the collected light. In some examples, the annular portions are planar and have respective surface normals that are uniquely angled with respect to one another. In other examples, the annular portions are planar and parallel, and include respective zero-power, blazed diffraction gratings having unique combinations of blaze angle and blaze orientation with respect to one another. Light from each annular portion can be focused onto a respective lateral location at a detector plane.

Claims

1. A confocal inspection system, comprising:

an illuminator that produces light;

a confocal assembly that collimates light reflected from a specified plane to form a collimated first beam propagating along a central axis;

an annular surface positioned to receive the first collimated beam, the annular surface including a plurality of concentric arcuate portions;

wherein the plurality of concentric arcuate portions impart non-focusing angular redirections to respective portions of the first collimated beam incident thereon to produce a plurality of second collimated beams, each of the plurality of second collimated beams corresponding to a respective concentric arcuate portion; and

a focusing lens having a front focal plane coincident with the annular surface, the focusing lens positioned to focus the plurality of second collimated beams onto a detector plane.

2. The confocal inspection system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of concentric arcuate portions surround the central axis, the plurality of concentric arcuate portions having inner and outer boundaries that are at least portions of circles when viewed along the central axis, the plurality of concentric arcuate portions being planar and having respective surface normals that are uniquely angled with respect to one another, and

further wherein the annular surface is included in a body defining the central axis and annular surface.

3. The confocal inspection system of claim 2, wherein each of the plurality of concentric arcuate portions comprises a full annulus, so that the plurality of concentric arcuate portions comprises a corresponding plurality of concentric annular portions.

4. The confocal inspection system of claim 3, wherein at least a portion of the body is optically transparent.

5. The confocal inspection system of claim 4, wherein at least one annular portion, of the plurality of annular portions, includes an anti-reflection coating disposed thereon.

6. The confocal inspection system of claim 4, wherein the body further includes a lens surface intersecting the central axis and opposing the annular surface.

7. The confocal inspection system of claim 3, wherein at least one annular portion, of the plurality of annular portions, includes a high-reflection coating disposed thereon.

8. The confocal inspection system of claim 3, wherein at least one annular portion, of the plurality of annular portions, has a planar base curvature and includes a diffraction grating disposed thereon.

9. The confocal inspection system of claim 3, wherein the annular surface further comprises a central portion intersecting the central axis and positioned at a center of the plurality of concentric arcuate portions.

10. The confocal inspection system of claim 9, wherein the central portion is planar and has a surface normal that is uniquely angled with respect to the surface normals of the plurality of concentric annular portions.

11. The confocal inspection system of claim 10, wherein the surface normals of the central portion and the plurality of concentric annular portions are all angled within a single plane.

12. The confocal inspection system of claim 10, wherein the surface normals of the central portion and the plurality of concentric annular portions do not all reside within a single plane.

13. The confocal inspection system of claim 10, wherein the central portion has a planar base curvature and includes a zero-power, blazed diffraction grating disposed thereon.

14. The confocal inspection system of claim 3, wherein:

each annular portion, of the plurality of annular portions, includes a geometric center; and

the geometric centers of at least two of the annular portions coincide at a common longitudinal location along the central axis.

15. The confocal inspection system of claim 3, wherein the annular surface includes a respective wall along an inner boundary of each annular portion, each wall being cylindrical and concentric with the central axis, each wall being masked to reduce optical reflections therefrom.

16. The confocal inspection system of claim 3, wherein the annular surface is configured on an exiting surface of an optical element in the confocal assembly.

17. The confocal inspection system of claim 3, wherein the annular surface is configured on an incident surface of the focusing lens.

18. The confocal inspection system of claim 3, wherein the non-focusing angular redirections reside in the same plane.

19. The confocal inspection system of claim 1, wherein the non-focusing angular redirections do not reside in the same plane.

20. A method for confocally inspecting a sample, comprising:

producing light using an illuminator;

collimating light reflected from a specified plane to form a first collimated beam propagating along a central axis;

separating the first collimated beam into a plurality of annular zones, the annular zones being concentric with the central axis and having circular inner and outer boundaries when viewed along the central axis;

imparting unique non-focusing angular redirections to the respective annular zones in the first collimated beam to form a plurality of second collimated beams, each of the plurality of second collimated beams corresponding to a respective annular zone; and

focusing the plurality of second collimated beams onto a detector plane, wherein light in each annular zone is focused onto a respective lateral location at the detector plane.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the second collimated beams are focused telecentrically onto the detector plane.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein the unique non-focusing angular redirections all reside in the same plane.

23. The method of claim 20, wherein the unique non-focusing angular redirections do not all reside within a single plane.