Method of operating an inductive power transfer system and an inductive power transfer system

• US 10,300,803 B2
• Filed: 10/08/2015
• Issued: 05/28/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 10/09/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Ipt Technology Gmbh
• Original Assignee: Bombardier Primove Gmbh (Bombardier Incorporated)
• Inventors: Lannoije, Marnix, Anders, Dominik, Czainski, Robert, Kett, Jurgen, Dechert, Martin, Apelt, Christian
• Primary Examiner(s): Tso, Edward
• Application Number:
  US15/517,752
• Publication Number:
  US 20180208072A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,328 Days
• Field of Search: 320107, 320108, 320114, 320115, 307104
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/11 DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/36 by positioning the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/38 specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/39 with position-responsive activation of primary coils
• CPC Class Codes: B60R 16/03 for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for circuit arrangements for charging batteries H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/90 involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007182 in response to battery voltage
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

Disclosed is a system and a method of operating an inductive power transfer system for transferring power to a vehicle. The inductive power transfer system includes a primary winding structure for generating an alternating electromagnetic field and a secondary winding structure for receiving the alternating electromagnetic field and generating an alternating current output voltage, wherein the alternating current output voltage is rectified and supplied to at least one energy storage element. The rectified output voltage is adjusted by varying a gap size of a gap between the primary winding structure and the secondary winding structure, wherein the gap size is adjusted to prepare and/or to initiate and/or to control an energy transfer process depending on charging characteristics of the at least one energy storage element.

Claims

1. A method of operating an inductive power transfer system for transferring power, wherein the inductive power transfer system comprises a primary winding structure for generating an alternating electromagnetic field and a secondary winding structure for receiving the alternating electromagnetic field and generating an alternating current output voltage, wherein the alternating current output voltage is rectified and supplied to at least one energy storage element, wherein the rectified output voltage is adjusted by varying a gap size of a gap between the primary winding structure and the secondary winding structure,

wherein the gap size is adjusted to prepare an energy transfer process or to initiate an energy transfer process or to control an energy transfer process depending on charging characteristics of the at least one energy storage element,

wherein the gap size is adjusted such that a first rectified output voltage is provided, wherein the gap size is held constant as long as the first rectified output voltage is providable by adjusting an input voltage of a wayside power converter, wherein the input voltage of the wayside power converter is adjustable between given voltage limits.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rectified output voltage or the rectified output current is additionally adjusted by adjusting a least one field characteristic of the power transfer system.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rectified output voltage or the rectified output current is additionally adjusted by adjusting the input voltage of the wayside power converter.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gap size is adjusted such that a minimal input voltage of the wayside power converter is transformed into the first rectified output voltage or such that a difference between the first rectified output voltage and the rectified output voltage due to the minimal input voltage of the wayside power converter is smaller than a predetermined threshold value.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gap size is adjusted if the input voltage of the wayside power converter reaches a predetermined voltage limit.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gap size is adjusted such that the rectified output voltage is equal to an actual total storage element voltage of the at least one energy storage element.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gap size is varied continuously or gradually.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the input voltage of the wayside power converter is provided by a step-up converter or a step-down converter or a combination thereof.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gap size is varied by a secondary side positioning means or by a primary side positioning means.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the input voltage of the wayside power converter is controlled depending on a deviation between a first transfer current and an actual transfer current.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein a deviation between a first input power of the wayside power converter and an actual input power of the wayside power converter is determined, wherein the first input power of the wayside power converter is determined depending on the deviation between a first input power of the energy storage element and the actual input power of the energy storage element, wherein a first input current of the wayside power converter is determined depending on a deviation between the first input power and the actual input power of the wayside power converter, wherein the input voltage of the wayside power converter is controlled depending on the first input current of the wayside power converter.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein an actual transfer current, a first transfer current and an actual input voltage are transmitted from the secondary side to the primary side via a unidirectional communication.

13. An inductive power transfer system for transferring energy to a vehicle, wherein the inductive power transfer system comprises a primary winding structure for generating an alternating electromagnetic field and a secondary winding structure for receiving the alternating electromagnetic field and generating an alternating current output voltage, wherein the alternating current output voltage is rectifiable and supplyable to at least one energy storage element, wherein the inductive power transfer system comprises at least one means for adjusting a gap size of a gap between the primary winding structure and the secondary winding structure, wherein the rectified output voltage is adjustable by varying the gap size, wherein the gap size is adjustable to prepare or to initiate or to control an energy transfer process depending on charging characteristics of the at least one energy storage element,

wherein the gap size is adjustable such that a first rectified output voltage is provided, wherein the gap size is held constant as long as the first rectified output voltage is providable by adjusting an input voltage of a wayside power converter, wherein the input voltage of the wayside power converter is adjustable between given voltage limits.

14. The inductive power transfer system according to claim 13, wherein the inductive power transfer system comprises at least one input voltage generating means for providing an adjustable input voltage of the wayside power converter, wherein the wayside power converter is connected to a voltage supply means via the at least one input voltage generating means.

15. The inductive power transfer system according to claim 14, wherein the at least one input voltage generating means is provided by a step-up converter or a step-down converter or a combination thereof.

16. The inductive power transfer system according to claim 13, wherein the at least one means for adjusting the gap size of a gap between the primary winding structure and the secondary winding structure is/are provided by a secondary side positioning means or a primary side positioning means.

17. The inductive power transfer system according to claim 13, wherein the inductive power transfer system comprises at least one means for a unidirectional communication between the secondary side and the primary side.