Methods for storing hydrogen in a salt cavern

• US 10,315,846 B2
• Filed: 10/27/2015
• Issued: 06/11/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 05/25/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Praxair Technology Incorporated (Linde Plc)
• Original Assignee: Praxair Technology Incorporated (Linde Plc)
• Inventors: Oates, Rommel M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lagman, Frederick L
• Application Number:
  US14/923,977
• Publication Number:
  US 20160046442A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,323 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B65G 5/00 Storing fluids in natural or artificial cavities or chambers in the earth
• CPC Class Codes: B65G 5/005 in porous layers
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 1/007 Underground or underwater storage
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2203/0604 Liners
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2221/012 Hydrogen
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2223/0123 gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2223/036 Very high pressure (>80 bar)
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2227/0157 Compressors
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2260/036 Avoiding leaks
• CPC Class Codes: F17C 2270/0152 Salt caverns
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/32 Hydrogen storage

Abstract

A novel method for storing high purity hydrogen into a salt cavern is provided. Particularly, the storage process involves confining the high purity hydrogen at a certain pressure in a salt cavern without seepage or leakage of the stored hydrogen through the salt cavern walls. The pressure in the cavern is maintained during storage of the high purity hydrogen.

Claims

1. A method for storing high purity hydrogen product in a salt cavern, the salt cavern containing walls characterized by a halite structure having a minimum purity of at least about 75% of sodium chloride, comprising:

removing the high purity hydrogen product from a high purity hydrogen pipeline;

compressing the high purity hydrogen product to produce a compressed high purity hydrogen product comprising a purity of 99% or greater;

introducing the compressed high purity hydrogen product into the salt cavern to create a pressure between a predetermined lower limit and a predetermined upper limit within the salt cavern;

maintaining the pressure within the salt cavern between the predetermined lower limit and the predetermined upper limit, wherein fluid is introduced into the salt cavern to increase the pressure within the salt cavern to at least the predetermined lower limit but below the predetermined upper limit, wherein the predetermined lower limit is 0.2 psi per linear foot of cavern depth and the predetermined upper limit is 1.0 psi per linear foot of cavern depth, wherein the cavern depth is defined as the vertical distance spanning from a top-most portion to a bottom-most portion of the salt cavern; and

confining the high purity hydrogen product within the salt cavern.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined lower limit is 0.4 psi per linear foot of cavern depth and the predetermined upper limit is 0.85 psi per linear foot of cavern depth.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of maintaining the pressure includes withdrawing a portion of the high purity hydrogen product from the salt cavern.

4. The method of claim 1, exhibiting temperature excursions of less than 4°

F. for pressure losses of less than 1200 psig in the salt cavern.

5. The method of claim 4, exhibiting no discernable temperature excursions.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of:

compiling pressure and temperature readings within the salt cavern for a test period of 72 hours;

calculating the volume of high purity hydrogen product stored in the salt cavern and the volume of high purity hydrogen product within the salt cavern at the start of the test period to be equal to the volume of high purity hydrogen product in the salt cavern at the end of the test period.

7. The method of claim 6, exhibiting no discernable temperature excursions.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluid comprises brine.