Peak efficiency recommendation and sharing

• US 10,317,908 B2
• Filed: 08/11/2017
• Issued: 06/11/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 08/11/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America Incorporated (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America Incorporated (Toyota Motor Corporation)
• Inventors: Gaither, Geoffrey D., Payne, Joshua D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hilgendorf, Dale W
• Application Number:
  US15/675,433
• Publication Number:
  US 20190049260A1
• Time in Patent Office: 669 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/00 Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units B60K7/00 takes precedence; arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion B60K6/00; electric transmission arrangements B60K17/12; electric equipment or propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles per se B60L; current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles B60L5/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2310/24 Speed setting methods
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2050/0026 Lookup tables or parameter maps
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2420/403 Image sensing, e.g. optical camera
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2420/42 Image sensing, e.g. optical camera
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2530/10 Weight
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2552/05 Type of road, e.g. motorways, local streets, paved or unpaved roads
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2552/15 Road slope, i.e. the inclination of a road segment in the longitudinal direction
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2555/20 Ambient conditions, e.g. wind or rain
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2555/40 Altitude
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2555/60 Traffic rules, e.g. speed limits or right of way
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2556/10 Historical data
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2556/50 of positioning data, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System] data
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2720/10 Longitudinal speed
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/00 Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/143 Speed control B60W30/16 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 40/00 Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 21/3469 Fuel consumption; Energy use; Emission aspects
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 21/3697 Output of additional, non-guidance related information, e.g. low fuel level G01C21/3679 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/0217 in accordance with energy consumption, time reduction or distance reduction criteria
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/0223 : involving speed control of the vehicle vehicle fittings for automatically controlling, i.e. preventing speed from exceeding an arbitrarily established velocity or maintaining speed at a particular velocity, as selected by the vehicle operator B60K31/00
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/0246 : using a video camera in combination with image processing means

Abstract

A system includes a speed sensor to detect a current speed, a camera to detect image data, and a GPS sensor to detect location data. The system also includes a memory to store a lookup table that maps efficient vehicle speeds to roadway speed limits. The system also includes an output device and an electronic control unit (ECU). The ECU determines a current speed limit of the current roadway and determines that the vehicle is within a steady speed range when the current speed of the vehicle fluctuates less than a predetermined speed threshold over a predetermined time period. The ECU also compares the current speed limit to the lookup table to determine at least one efficient vehicle speed that corresponds to the current speed limit and controls the output device to output the at least one efficient vehicle speed when the vehicle is within the steady speed range.

Claims

1. A system for determining an efficient driving speed of a vehicle, comprising:

a power source configured to generate power to accelerate the vehicle;

a speed sensor configured to detect a current speed of the vehicle;

a camera configured to detect image data corresponding to a current roadway;

a global positioning system (GPS) sensor configured to detect location data corresponding to a current location of the vehicle;

a memory configured to store a lookup table that maps efficient vehicle speeds to a plurality of roadway speed limits;

an output device configured to output data; and

an electronic control unit (ECU) coupled to the speed sensor, the camera, the GPS sensor, the memory, and the output device and configured to;

determine a current speed limit of the current roadway based on at least one of the image data or the location data,

determine that the vehicle is within a steady speed range when the current speed of the vehicle fluctuates less than a predetermined speed threshold over a predetermined time period,

compare the current speed limit to the lookup table to determine at least one efficient vehicle speed that corresponds to the current speed limit,

calculate an efficiency differential of the power source corresponding to a difference between a current efficiency of the power source at the current speed of the vehicle and a potential efficiency of the power source at the at least one efficient vehicle speed, and

control the output device to output the at least one efficient vehicle speed when the vehicle is within the steady speed range and to further output the efficiency differential with the at least one efficient vehicle speed.

2. The system of claim 1 further comprising a load sensor coupled to the ECU and configured to detect load data corresponding to a current load of the vehicle, wherein:

the lookup table is further configured to map the efficient vehicle speeds to the plurality of roadway speed limits and to vehicle loads; and

the ECU is further configured to determine the current load of the vehicle based on the load data and to compare the current speed limit and the current load of the vehicle to the lookup table to determine the at least one efficient vehicle speed.

3. The system of claim 2 wherein the current load of the vehicle is based on at least one of a grade of the current roadway, a total mass of the vehicle, an altitude of the current roadway, a velocity of a headwind or a tailwind, or a current ambient temperature outside of the vehicle.

4. The system of claim 1 wherein:

the at least one efficient vehicle speed includes multiple efficient vehicle speeds; and

the ECU is further configured to rank the multiple efficient vehicle speeds based on the efficiency differential of each of the multiple efficient vehicle speeds and to control the output device to further output the efficiency differential with each of the multiple efficient vehicle speeds.

5. The system of claim 4 wherein the ECU is further configured to:

determine an amount of energy required to reach each of the multiple efficient vehicle speeds;

predict a distance at which the vehicle can travel at or near the speed limit without changing speed;

calculate a total efficiency of each of the multiple efficient vehicle speeds based on the efficiency differential, the distance at which the vehicle can travel at or near the speed limit without changing speed, and the amount of energy required to reach a corresponding efficient vehicle speed for each of the multiple efficient vehicle speeds; and

eliminate at least one of the multiple efficient vehicle speeds that has a lower total efficiency than each of the remaining multiple efficient vehicle speeds.

6. The system of claim 1 wherein the ECU is further configured to determine the current efficiency of the vehicle and to update the lookup table with the current efficiency of the vehicle and the current speed of the vehicle when the vehicle is within the steady speed range.

7. The system of claim 1 further comprising an input device coupled to the ECU and configured to receive a request for the vehicle to operate in a cruise control mode, wherein the ECU is further configured to:

receive a cruise control request from the input device corresponding to the request for the vehicle to operate in the cruise control mode; and

control the power source to move the vehicle at the at least one efficient vehicle speed when the cruise control request is received from the input device.

8. The system of claim 1 wherein the ECU is further configured to determine an upper threshold speed and a lower threshold speed corresponding to a maximum efficient vehicle speed and a minimum efficient vehicle speed that are acceptable for the current speed limit of the current roadway, and wherein each efficient vehicle speed of the at least one efficient vehicle speed is less than or equal to the maximum efficient vehicle speed and greater than or equal to the minimum efficient vehicle speed.

9. The system of claim 1 further comprising a network access device coupled to the ECU and configured to receive grade data corresponding to a current grade of the current roadway and an upcoming grade of the current roadway, wherein the ECU is further configured to cease controlling the output device to output the at least one efficient vehicle speed when the upcoming grade of the current roadway varies from the current grade of the current roadway by more than a predetermined grade threshold.

10. A system for determining an efficient driving speed of a vehicle, comprising:

a power source configured to generate power to accelerate the vehicle;

a camera configured to detect image data corresponding to a current roadway;

at least one of a grade sensor configured to detect a current grade of the current roadway or a network access device configured to receive the current grade of the current roadway;

a global positioning system (GPS) sensor configured to detect location data corresponding to a current location of the vehicle;

a memory configured to store a lookup table that maps efficient vehicle speeds to a plurality of roadway speed limits and a plurality of roadway grades;

an output device configured to output data; and

an electronic control unit (ECU) coupled to the camera, the at least one of the grade sensor or the network access device, the GPS sensor, the memory, and the output device and configured to;

determine a current speed limit of the current roadway based on at least one of the image data or the location data,

compare the current speed limit and the current grade of the current roadway to the lookup table to determine at least one efficient vehicle speed that corresponds to the current speed limit and the current grade,

calculate an efficiency differential of the power source corresponding to a difference between a current efficiency of the power source at the current speed of the vehicle and a potential efficiency of the power source at the at least one efficient vehicle speed, and

control the output device to output the at least one efficient vehicle speed and the efficiency differential along with the at least one efficient vehicle speed.

11. The system of claim 10 wherein:

the at least one efficient vehicle speed includes multiple efficient vehicle speeds; and

the ECU is further configured to rank the multiple efficient vehicle speeds based on the efficiency differential of each of the multiple efficient vehicle speeds and to control the output device to further output the efficiency differential with each of the multiple efficient vehicle speeds.

12. The system of claim 11 wherein the ECU is further configured to:

determine an amount of energy required to reach each of the multiple efficient vehicle speeds;

predict a distance at which the vehicle can travel at or near the speed limit without changing speed;

calculate a total efficiency of each of the multiple efficient vehicle speeds based on the efficiency differential, the distance at which the vehicle can travel at or near the speed limit without changing speed, and the amount of energy required to reach a corresponding efficient vehicle speed for each of the multiple efficient vehicle speeds; and

eliminate at least one of the multiple efficient vehicle speeds that has a lower total efficiency than each of the remaining multiple efficient vehicle speeds.

13. The system of claim 10 further comprising an input device coupled to the ECU and configured to receive a request for the vehicle to operate in a cruise control mode, wherein the ECU is further configured to:

receive a cruise control request from the input device corresponding to the request for the vehicle to operate in the cruise control mode; and

control the power source to move the vehicle at the at least one efficient vehicle speed when the cruise control request is received from the input device.

14. A method for determining an efficient driving speed of a vehicle, comprising:

generating, by a power source, power to accelerate the vehicle;

detecting, by a speed sensor, a current speed of the vehicle;

detecting, by a camera, image data corresponding to a current roadway;

detecting, by a global positioning system (GPS) sensor, location data corresponding to a current location of the vehicle;

storing, in a memory, a lookup table that maps efficient vehicle speeds to a plurality of roadway speed limits;

determining, by an electronic control unit (ECU), a current speed limit of the current roadway based on at least one of the image data or the location data;

determining, by the ECU, that the vehicle is within a steady speed range when the current speed of the vehicle fluctuates less than a predetermined speed threshold over a predetermined time period;

comparing, by the ECU, the current speed limit to the lookup table to determine at least one efficient vehicle speed that corresponds to the current speed limit;

calculating, by the ECU, an efficiency differential of the power source corresponding to a difference between a current efficiency of the power source at the current speed of the vehicle and a potential efficiency of the power source at the at least one efficient vehicle speed; and

controlling by the ECU, an output device to output the at least one efficient vehicle speed when the vehicle is within the steady speed range and to output the efficiency differential along with the at least one efficient vehicle speed.

15. The method of claim 14 further comprising detecting, by a load sensor, load data corresponding to a current load of the vehicle, wherein:

storing the lookup table further includes storing the lookup table that maps the efficient vehicle speeds to the plurality of roadway speed limits and to vehicle loads; and

comparing the current speed limit to the lookup table further includes comparing the current speed limit and the current load of the vehicle to the lookup table to determine the at least one efficient vehicle speed.

16. The method of claim 14 further comprising:

determining, by the ECU, the current efficiency of the vehicle; and

updating, by the ECU, the lookup table with the current efficiency of the vehicle and the current speed of the vehicle when the vehicle is within the steady speed range.

17. The method of claim 14 further comprising:

receiving, by an input device, a cruise control request corresponding to a request for the vehicle to operate in a cruise control mode;

receiving, by the ECU, the cruise control request from the input device; and

controlling, by the ECU, the power source to move the vehicle at the at least one efficient vehicle speed when the cruise control request is received from the input device.