Apparatuses and methods for enabling multistage hydraulic fracturing

• US 10,329,867 B2
• Filed: 11/10/2016
• Issued: 06/25/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 11/10/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NCS Multistage Inc. (NCS Multistage Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: NCS Multistage Inc. (NCS Multistage Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Getzlaf, Don, Johnson, Tim, Gillis, Brock
• Primary Examiner(s): Bomar, Shane
• Assistant Examiner(s): MacDonald, Steven A
• Application Number:
  US15/348,398
• Publication Number:
  US 20170159398A1
• Time in Patent Office: 957 Days
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 33/124 Units with longitudinally-spaced plugs for isolating the intermediate space
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 34/06 in wells
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 34/142 unsupported or free-falling elements, e.g. balls, plugs, darts or pistons
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/126 Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive powered by fluid E21B43/129
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/14 Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
• CPC Class Codes: E21B 43/26 by forming crevices or fractures

Abstract

There is provided a plurality of injection stations, wherein each one of the injection stations, independently, comprising: a housing; a port extending through the housing; a flow control member configured for displacement for effecting at least opening of the port such that, when the injection station is integrated within a wellbore string that is disposed within a wellbore of a subterranean formation, and treatment fluid is being supplied through a wellbore string passage of the wellbore string, injection of the supplied treatment fluid into the subterranean formation is effected through the port; and a deployable seat, mounted to the housing, and including an aperture, and configured such that, when the seat is deployed in a deployed position, the seat is configured for receiving a respective plug for seating of the respective plug over the aperture of the seat; such that a plurality of plugs are respective to the injection stations, wherein each one of the plugs is respective to a deployable seat of a one of the injection stations, such that each one of the plugs is respective to a one of the injection stations.

Claims

1. A plurality of injection stations, wherein each one of the injection stations, independently, comprising:

a housing;

a port extending through the housing;

a flow control member configured for displacement for effecting at least opening of the port such that, when the injection station is integrated within a wellbore string that is disposed within a wellbore of a subterranean formation, and treatment fluid is being supplied through a wellbore string passage of the wellbore string, injection of the supplied treatment fluid into the subterranean formation is effected through the port; and

a deployable seat, mounted to the housing, and including an aperture, and configured such that, when the seat is deployed in a deployed position, the seat is configured for receiving a respective plug for seating of the respective plug over the aperture of the seat;

such that a plurality of plugs are respective to the injection stations, wherein each one of the plugs is respective to a deployable seat of a one of the injection stations, such that each one of the plugs is respective to a one of the injection stations;

wherein;

the injection stations are integratable into a wellbore string such that the wellbore string includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations;

the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations include one or more uphole injection stations, wherein each one of the one or more uphole injection stations is a one of the one or more injection stations of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations that is other than the injection station of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations that is disposed furthest downhole relative to all of the other ones of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations;

for each one of the one or more uphole injection stations, independently;

one or more injection stations are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station to define one or more downhole-disposed injection stations, wherein each one of the plugs that is respective to a one of the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations is a downhole-deployable plug;

the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations are positionable in a sequence such that for each one of the one or more uphole injection stations, independently;

the aperture of the seat of the uphole injection station is co-operable with each one of the one or more downhole-deployable plugs that are respective to the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations that are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station, independently, such that, when the wellbore string includes the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations, and when the wellbore string is disposed within a wellbore, and when the seat of the uphole injection station is deployed, for each one of the one or more downhole-deployable plugs that are respective to the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations that are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station, independently;

when a seat, of the downhole-disposed injection station to which the downhole-deployable plugs is respective, is deployed, and when the downhole-deployable plug is being conducted downhole through the wellbore string passage, the downhole-deployable plug passes through the aperture of the deployed seat of the uphole injection station and is conducted downhole for seating on the deployed seat of the downhole-disposed injection station to which the downhole-deployable plug is respective.

2. The plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 1;

wherein, for each one the injection stations;

the flow control member is configured to be displaceable, when the seat is disposed in the deployed position and the respective plug is seated on the deployed seat, in response to the establishment of a fluid pressure differential across the seated plug.

3. The plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 2;

wherein, for each one the injection stations;

the deployable seat is configured for displacement from a non-deployed position to a deployed position, wherein, in the deployed position, the seat is configured to receive the respective plug such that the seating of the respective plug over the aperture of the seat is effected.

4. The plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 3;

wherein each one the injection stations further comprises an injection station fluid passage disposed within the housing and configured for defining a portion of the wellbore string passage when the injection station is integrated within the wellbore string.

5. An injection station kit comprising the plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 4, and further comprising:

a sensor configured for sensing a transmitted deployment actuation signal; and

controller configured to effect deployment of all of the seats in response to the sensed deployment actuation signal.

6. The plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 1, wherein for each one of the injection stations, independently:

the deployable seat is biased for displacement to the deployed position; and

each one of the injection stations, independently, includes;

a first retainer for retaining the deployable seat in a non-deployed position, wherein the retainer is displaceable relative to the housing such that the seat becomes disposed in the deployed position.

7. The plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 6, wherein:

the biasing of the deployable seat is effected by a biasing force that is urging displacement of the seat along a path, wherein the deployed position is disposed in the path; and

further comprising;

a second retainer for opposing the biasing force and preventing the seat from being displaced along the path from the deployed position, when the seat is disposed in the deployed position.

8. The plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 7, further comprising:

a seat deployment actuator configured to effect displacement of the first retainer relative to the housing, wherein the seat deployment actuator includes a fluid communication device configured to effect fluid communication between the housing passage and the first retainer while pressurized fluid is disposed within the housing passage, such that the pressurized fluid, that is communicated from the housing passage, via the fluid communication device, to the first retainer, applies a force to the retainer such that the displacement of the first retainer, relative to the housing, is effected.

9. The plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 7, further comprising:

a seat deployment actuator configured to transmit an applied force to the first retainer for effecting displacement of the retainer relative to the housing from a retaining position to a non-retaining position.

10. The plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 6, wherein:

the seat is coupled to the housing; and

the displacement from the non-deployed position to the deployed position is effected by a rotation of the seat relative to the housing.

11. The plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 10, wherein:

the seat is rotatably coupled to the housing; and

while the seat is disposed in the non-deployed position, the seat is nested within a recess of the housing.

12. The plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 1, wherein for each one of the injection stations, independently:

the deployable seat is biased for displacement to the deployed position; and

each one of the injection stations, independently, includes;

a piston for retaining the deployable seat in a non-deployed position, wherein the piston is displaceable relative to the housing such that the seat becomes disposed in the deployed position.

13. The plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 12, wherein:

the biasing of the deployable seat is effected by a biasing force that is urging displacement of the seat along a path, wherein the deployed position is disposed in the path; and

the piston is displaceable from a first retaining position to a second retaining position;

the displacement of the piston co-operates with the seat such that, after the piston has become displaced from the first retaining position, the seat is displaced by the biasing force, along the path, to the deployed position, and such that the piston is disposed in the second retaining position when the seat becomes disposed in the deployed position such that the piston is opposing the biasing force that is urging the displacement of the seat along the path.

14. The plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 13, further comprising:

a seat deployment actuator configured to effect displacement of the piston relative to the housing, wherein the seat deployment actuator includes a fluid communication device configured to effect fluid communication between the housing passage and the piston while pressurized fluid is disposed within the housing passage, such that the pressurized fluid, that is communicated from the housing passage, via the fluid communication device, to the piston, applies a force to the piston such that the displacement of the retainer, relative to the housing, is effected.

15. A plurality of injection stations configured for integration within a wellbore string comprising:

a first set of injection stations, wherein each one of the first set of injection stations includes;

a housing;

a port extending through the housing;

a flow control member configured for displacement for effecting at least opening of the port such that, when the injection station is integrated within a wellbore string that is disposed within a wellbore of a subterranean formation, and treatment fluid is being supplied through a wellbore string passage of the wellbore string, injection of the supplied treatment fluid into the subterranean formation is effected through the port; and

a deployable seat, mounted to the housing, and including an aperture, and configured such that, when the seat is deployed in a deployed position, the first seat is configured for receiving a respective plug for seating of the respective plug over the aperture of the seat;

such that a plurality of plugs are respective to the injection stations, wherein each one of the plugs is respective to a deployable seat of a one of the injection stations, such that each one of the plugs is respective to a one of the injection stations;

wherein;

the injection stations are integratable into a wellbore string such that the wellbore string includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations;

the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations include one or more uphole injection stations, wherein each one of the one or more uphole injection stations is a one of the one or more injection stations of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations that is other than the injection station of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations that is disposed furthest downhole relative to all of the other ones of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations;

for each one of the one or more uphole injection stations, independently;

one or more injection stations are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station to define one or more downhole-disposed injection stations, wherein each one of the plugs that is respective to a one of the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations is a downhole-deployable plug;

the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations are positionable in a sequence such that for each one of the one or more uphole injection stations, independently;

the aperture of the seat of the uphole injection station is co-operable with each one of the one or more downhole-deployable plugs that are respective to the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations that are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station, independently, such that, when the wellbore string includes the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations, and when the wellbore string is disposed within a wellbore, and when the seat of the uphole injection station is deployed, for each one of the one or more downhole-deployable plugs that are respective to the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations that are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station, independently;

 

when a seat, of the downhole-disposed injection station to which the downhole-deployable plugs is respective, is deployed, and when the downhole-deployable plug is being conducted downhole through the wellbore string passage, the downhole-deployable plug passes through the aperture of the deployed seat of the uphole injection station and is conducted downhole for seating on the deployed seat of the downhole-disposed injection station to which the downhole-deployable plug is respective;

and

a second set of injection stations, wherein each one of the second set of injection stations includes;

a housing;

a port extending through the housing;

a flow control member configured for displacement for effecting at least opening of the port such that, when the injection station is integrated within a wellbore string that is disposed within a wellbore of a subterranean formation, and treatment fluid is being supplied through a wellbore string passage of the wellbore string, injection of the supplied treatment fluid into the subterranean formation is effected through the port; and

a deployable seat, mounted to the housing, and including an aperture, and configured such that, when the seat is deployed in a deployed position, the seat is configured for receiving a respective plug for seating of the respective plug over the aperture of the seat;

such that a plurality of plugs are respective to the injection stations, wherein each one of the plugs is respective to a deployable seat of a one of the injection stations, such that each one of the plugs is respective to a one of the injection stations;

wherein;

the injection stations are integratable into a wellbore string such that the wellbore string includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations;

the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations include one or more uphole injection stations, wherein each one of the one or more uphole injection stations is a one of the one or more injection stations of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations that is other than the injection station of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations that is disposed furthest downhole relative to all of the other ones of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations;

for each one of the one or more uphole injection stations, independently;

one or more injection stations are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station to define one or more downhole-disposed injection stations, wherein each one of the plugs that is respective to a one of the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations is a downhole-deployable plug;

the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations are positionable in a sequence such that for each one of the one or more uphole injection stations, independently;

the aperture of the seat of the uphole injection station is co-operable with each one of the one or more downhole-deployable plugs that are respective to the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations that are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station, independently, such that, when the wellbore string includes the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations, and when the wellbore string is disposed within a wellbore, and when the seat of the uphole injection station is deployed, for each one of the one or more downhole-deployable plugs that are respective to the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations that are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station, independently;

 

when a seat, of the downhole-disposed injection station to which the downhole-deployable plugs is respective, is deployed, and when the downhole-deployable plug is being conducted downhole through the wellbore string passage, the downhole-deployable plug passes through the aperture of the deployed seat of the uphole injection station and is conducted downhole for seating on the deployed seat of the downhole-disposed injection station to which the downhole-deployable plug is respective.

16. The plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 15;

wherein for each one of the injection stations of the second set;

the deployable seat is configured for displacement between a non-deployed position and the deployed position, wherein, in the non-deployed position, when the wellbore string includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set and a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set, wherein the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set is longitudinally spaced apart from the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set, and when the wellbore string is disposed within the wellbore such that the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set is disposed uphole relative to the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set, and when a plug, that is respective to one of the injection stations of the first set, is being conducted downhole through the wellbore string passage, and when the seat of the injection station of the first set, to which the downhole-conducted plug is respective, is deployed in the deployed position, the deployable seat of the injection station of the second set is configured to co-operate with the downhole-conducted plug such that the plug passes the injection station of the second set, and is conducted downhole for seating on the deployed seat of the injection station of the first set to which the downhole-conducted plug is respective.

17. A plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 16;

wherein for at least one of the injection stations of the second set;

the deployable seat of the injection station of the second set is configured such that, when disposed in the deployed position, and when the wellbore string includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set and a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set, wherein the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set is longitudinally spaced apart from the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set, and when the wellbore string is disposed within the wellbore such that the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set is disposed uphole relative to the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set, conduction of at least one of the plugs of the first set, from uphole of the injection station of the second set and in a downhole direction through the wellbore string passage, for seating on a deployed seat of an injection station of the first set, is prevented.

18. A plurality of injection stations as claimed in claim 16;

wherein for each one of the injection stations of the second set;

the deployable seat of the injection station of the second set is configured such that, when the deployable seat of the injection station of the second set is disposed in the deployed position, and when the wellbore string includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set and a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set, wherein the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set is longitudinally spaced apart from the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set, and when the wellbore string is disposed within the wellbore such that the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set is disposed uphole relative to the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set, conduction of at least one of the plugs of the first set, from uphole of the injection station of the second set and in a downhole direction through the wellbore string passage, for seating on a deployed seat of an injection station of the first set, is prevented.

19. First and second sets of injection system kits comprising:

a first set of injection system kits, wherein the first set of injection system kits includes a plurality of injection system kits, wherein each one of the injection system kits, independently, includes;

a plug; and

an injection station including;

a housing;

a port extending through the housing;

a flow control member configured for displacement for effecting at least opening of the port such that, when the injection station is integrated within a wellbore string that is disposed within a wellbore of a subterranean formation, and treatment fluid is being supplied through a wellbore string passage of the wellbore string, injection of the supplied treatment fluid into the subterranean formation is effected through the port; and

a deployable seat, mounted to the housing, and including an aperture, and configured such that, when the seat is deployed in a deployed position, the seat is configured for receiving the plug for seating of the plug over the aperture of the seat;

wherein the plug is respective to the injection station;

such that a plurality of plugs are respective to a plurality of injection stations, wherein each one of the plugs is respective to a deployable seat of a one of the injection stations, such that each one of the plugs is respective to a one of the injection stations;

wherein;

the injection stations are integratable into a wellbore string such that the wellbore string includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations;

the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations include one or more uphole injection stations, wherein each one of the one or more uphole injection stations is a one of the one or more injection stations of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations that is other than the injection station of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations that is disposed furthest downhole relative to all of the other ones of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations;

for each one of the one or more uphole injection stations, independently;

one or more injection stations are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station to define one or more downhole-disposed injection stations, wherein each one of the plugs that is respective to a one of the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations is a downhole-deployable plug;

the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations are positionable in a sequence such that for each one of the one or more uphole injection stations, independently;

the aperture of the seat of the uphole injection station is co-operable with each one of the one or more downhole-deployable plugs that are respective to the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations that are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station, independently, such that, when the wellbore string includes the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations, and when the wellbore string is disposed within a wellbore, and when the seat of the uphole injection station is deployed, for each one of the one or more downhole-deployable plugs that are respective to the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations that are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station, independently;

 

when a seat, of the downhole-disposed injection station to which the downhole-deployable plugs is respective, is deployed, and when the downhole-deployable plug is being conducted downhole through the wellbore string passage, the downhole-deployable plug passes through the aperture of the deployed seat of the uphole injection station and is conducted downhole for seating on the deployed seat of the downhole-disposed injection station to which the downhole-deployable plug is respective;

and

a second set of injection system kits, wherein the second set of injection system kits includes a plurality of injection system kits, wherein each one of the injection system kits, independently, includes;

a plug; and

an injection station including;

a housing;

a port extending through the housing;

a flow control member configured for displacement for effecting at least opening of the port such that, when the injection station is integrated within a wellbore string that is disposed within a wellbore of a subterranean formation, and treatment fluid is being supplied through a wellbore string passage of the wellbore string, injection of the supplied treatment fluid into the subterranean formation is effected through the port; and

a deployable seat, mounted to the housing, and including an aperture, and configured such that, when the seat is deployed in a deployed position, the seat is configured for receiving the plug for seating of the plug over the aperture of the seat;

wherein the plug is respective to the injection station;

such that a plurality of plugs are respective to a plurality of injection stations, wherein each one of the plugs is respective to a deployable seat of a one of the injection stations, such that each one of the plugs is respective to a one of the injection stations;

wherein;

the injection stations are integratable into a wellbore string such that the wellbore string includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations;

the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations include one or more uphole injection stations, wherein each one of the one or more uphole injection stations is a one of the one or more injection stations of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations that is other than the injection station of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations that is disposed furthest downhole relative to all of the other ones of the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations;

for each one of the one or more uphole injection stations, independently;

one or more injection stations are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station to define one or more downhole-disposed injection stations, wherein each one of the plugs that is respective to a one of the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations is a downhole-deployable plug;

the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations are positionable in a sequence such that for each one of the one or more uphole injection stations, independently;

the aperture of the seat of the uphole injection station is co-operable with each one of the one or more downhole-deployable plugs that are respective to the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations that are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station, independently, such that, when the wellbore string includes the longitudinally spaced apart injection stations, and when the wellbore string is disposed within a wellbore, and when the seat of the uphole injection station is deployed, for each one of the one or more downhole-deployable plugs that are respective to the one or more downhole-disposed injection stations that are disposed downhole relative to the uphole injection station, independently;

 

when a seat, of the downhole-disposed injection station to which the downhole-deployable plugs is respective, is deployed, and when the downhole-deployable plug is being conducted downhole through the wellbore string passage, the downhole-deployable plug passes through the aperture of the deployed seat of the uphole injection station and is conducted downhole for seating on the deployed seat of the downhole-disposed injection station to which the downhole-deployable plug is respective.

20. The first and second sets of injection system kits as claimed in claim 19;

wherein for each one of the injection stations of the second set;

the deployable seat is configured for displacement between a non-deployed position and the deployed position, wherein, in the non-deployed position, when the wellbore string includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set and a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set, wherein the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set is longitudinally spaced apart from the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set, and when the wellbore string is disposed within the wellbore such that the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set is disposed uphole relative to the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set, and when a plug, that is respective to one of the injection stations of the first set, is being conducted downhole through the wellbore string passage, and when the seat of the injection station of the first set, to which the downhole-conducted plug is respective, is deployed in the deployed position, the seat of the injection station of the second set is configured to co-operate with the downhole-conducted plug such that the plug passes the injection station of the second set, and is conducted downhole for seating on the deployed seat of the injection station of the first set to which the downhole-conducted plug is respective.

21. The first and second sets of injection system kits as claimed in claim 20;

wherein for at least one of the injection stations of the second set;

the deployable seat of the injection station of the second set is configured such that, when the deployable seat of the injection station of the second set is disposed in the deployed position, and when the wellbore string includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set and a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set, wherein the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set is longitudinally spaced apart from the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set, and when the wellbore string is disposed within the wellbore such that the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set is disposed uphole relative to the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set, conduction of at least one of the plugs of the first set, from uphole of the injection station of the second set and in a downhole direction through the wellbore string passage, for seating on a deployed seat of an injection station of the first set, is prevented.

22. The first and second sets of injection system kits as claimed in claim 20;

wherein for each one of the injection stations of the second set;

the deployable seat of the injection station of the second set is configured such that, when the deployable seat of the injection station of the second set is disposed in the deployed position, and when the wellbore string includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set and a plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set, wherein the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set is longitudinally spaced apart from the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set, and when the wellbore string is disposed within the wellbore such that the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the second set is disposed uphole relative to the plurality of longitudinally spaced apart injection stations of the first set, conduction of at least one of the plugs of the first set, from uphole of the injection station of the second set and in a downhole direction through the wellbore string passage, for seating on a deployed seat of an injection station of the first set, is prevented.