Carbon dioxide composite getter

• US 10,333,168 B2
• Filed: 12/12/2014
• Issued: 06/25/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 12/30/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: SAES Getters SpA (SAES Getters S)
• Original Assignee: SAES Getters SpA (SAES Getters S)
• Inventors: Bonucci, Antonio, Fernicola, Alessandra, Visconti, Marco
• Primary Examiner(s): Barcena, Carlos
• Application Number:
  US15/038,019
• Publication Number:
  US 20160301099A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,656 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/30 Alkali metal compounds
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/40 Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/108 Zeolites
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/504 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/80 Water
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/02 by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography solid sorbent compositions B01J20/00, preparation of inorganic compounds or elements C01
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/22 by diffusion manufacturing semi-permeable membranes B01D67/00; form, structure or properties of semi-permeable membranes B01D69/00; material for semi-permeable membranes B01D71/00
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/261 by adsorption
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/06 with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC]
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/20 Reformation or processes for removal of impurities, e.g. scavenging
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/78 Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/80 Gaskets; Sealings
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/34 Gastight accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/52 Removing gases inside the secondary cell, e.g. by absorption vent plugs or other mechanical arrangements for facilitating escape of gases H01M50/30
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 of CO2
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/13 Energy storage using capacitors

Abstract

A carbon dioxide composite getter comprising a CO₂-permeable envelope containing powders of two active materials and sealed systems employing the carbon dioxide composite getter.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide composite getter, comprising:

a CO₂-permeable envelope, defining an internal volume, that contains powders of a first active material and a second active material defining a cumulative volume,

said first active material being a hydroxide chosen from one or more of LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)₂, Mg(OH)₂, Sr(OH)₂, and

said second active material being an oxide chosen from one or more of Li₂O, CaO, MgO, SrO,

wherein the CO₂-permeable envelope has a CO₂ permeation coefficient of at least 50 cm³*mm/(m²*day*atm) and the ratio of the water vapor transmission rate at 90% RH 38°

C. to the water vapor transmission rate at 85% RH 23°

C. is less than 10, and

wherein the CO₂-permeable envelope exhibits a water vapor transmission rate not higher than 0.6 g*mm/(m²*day).

2. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, wherein the weight concentration of the second active material is between 10% and 90%.

3. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 2, wherein said second active material comprises Li₂O and the weight concentration of Li₂O is between 15% and 90%.

4. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 2, wherein said second active material comprises CaO and the weight concentration of CaO is between 25% and 90%.

5. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 2, wherein said second active material comprises MgO and the weight concentration of MgO is between 20% and 90%.

6. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 2, wherein said second active material comprises SrO and the weight concentration of SrO is between 30% and 90%.

7. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, wherein the first active material and the second active material are in the form of free powders, and wherein the ratio between the cumulative volume and the internal volume is between 0.15 and 0.9.

8. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 7, wherein said free powders minimal size is higher than 1 μ

m.

9. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, wherein said CO₂-permeable envelope has a thickness between 5 μ

m and 500 μ

m.

10. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, further comprising a moisture sorber arranged outside said CO₂-permeable envelope.

11. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 10, wherein said moisture sorber comprises a dispersion in a polymeric matrix of a moisture-removing material.

12. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, wherein said powders of the first active material and the second active material are dispersed in a polymeric binder.

13. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 12, wherein said polymeric binder is selected among High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Polypropylene (PP), Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), copolymer ethylene-octene, polyolefin modified with maleic anhydride, Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), Styrene-Ethylene-Butadiene-Styrene (SEBS), Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM), Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE) and combinations thereof.

14. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 12, wherein said powders of the first active material and the second active material minimal size is between 1 μ

m and 250 μ

m.

15. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 12, wherein the content of said powders of the first active material and the second active material in said polymeric binder is comprised between 20 wt % and 60 wt %.

16. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 12, wherein the thickness of the binder containing the powders of the first active material and the second active material is comprised between 50 μ

m and 400 μ

m, and in any case is not less than at least 1.5 times the minimum dimension of the employed powders.

17. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, wherein the amount of said powders of the first active material and the second active material is between 5 milligrams and 500 milligrams.

18. A sealed system comprising a carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1.

19. The sealed system according to claim 18, wherein said system is an energy storage device.

20. The sealed system according to claim 18, wherein said system is a rechargeable Li-Ion battery or a supercapacitor.