Transient simulation modeling for dynamic remedial action schemes using real-time protection setting updates

• US 10,333,301 B2
• Filed: 05/04/2017
• Issued: 06/25/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 05/04/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Incorporated
• Inventors: Gubba Ravikumar, Krishnanjan
• Primary Examiner(s): Suryawanshi, Suresh
• Application Number:
  US15/587,179
• Publication Number:
  US 20180323611A1
• Time in Patent Office: 782 Days
• Field of Search: 700292
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 17/02 electric
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/006 Calibration or setting of parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/261 involving signal transmission between at least two stations transmission of signals in general H02H1/0061
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00017 using optical fiber
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00034 the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/0004 involved in a protection system
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2203/20 Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/00 Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/18 using switches, relays or circuit breakers, e.g. intelligent electronic devices [IED]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/20 using protection elements, arrangements or systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/00 Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/124 using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/20 Information technology specific aspects, e.g. CAD, simulation, modelling, system security

Abstract

Protective IEDs in an electrical power system, such as distributed controllers, may periodically or in real-time communicate updated protection settings to a wide-area controller, such as a coordination controller, that defines and/or implements a remedial action scheme to protect the electrical power system. The wide-area controller may utilize real-time protection setting information from a plurality of protective IEDs to perform dynamic transient model simulations based on (1) the current topology of the power system, (2) real-time measurements from the system, and (3) the updated, real-time protection settings of various IEDs within the system. The results of the updated transient model simulations may be used to dynamically adjust the remedial actions scheme of the wide-area controller.

Claims

1. An electrical power system with distributed coordinated control per a dynamic remedial action scheme, comprising:

a communication network to facilitate communication between distributed controllers and at least one coordination controller;

a plurality of distributed controllers, at least some of which monitor portions of the electrical power system via electrical measurements and implement protective control operations according to protection settings,

wherein at least one of the plurality of distributed controllers implements protective control operations based on adaptive protection settings that are dynamically modified based on electrical measurements of the electric power system;

a coordination controller to coordinate higher-level protective operations via the plurality of distributed controllers, the coordination controller comprising;

a topology module to receive topology information from at least one of the distributed controllers via the communications network;

an assessment module to receive electrical measurement data from at least one of the plurality of distributed controllers via the communications network;

a protection settings module to receive updated protection settings from at least one distributed controllers with adaptive protection settings, via the communications network, wherein the updated protection settings comprise at least one setting in which at least one of the plurality of distributed controllers protects at least portions of the electrical power system via a discontinuous control action;

a remedial action scheme (RAS) module to define a set of protective control operations to be implemented by distributed controllers in response to a corresponding set of defined system conditions.

2. The electrical power system of claim 1, wherein the RAS module dynamically modifies the set of protective control operations to be implemented in response to the corresponding set of defined system conditions each time the protection settings module receives updated protection settings.

3. The electrical power system of claim 1, wherein the protection settings module receives the updated protection settings from the at least one distributed controller in real time.

4. The electrical power system of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of distributed controllers comprises an intelligent electronic device with a processor, memory, and at least one sensor component to receive electrical measurements from the electrical power system and independently determine protective control operations to be implemented based on individual protection settings.

5. The electrical power system of claim 1, wherein the coordination controller receives information from at least one distributed controller outside of a region protected by the coordination controller for the RAS module to define the set of protective control operations to be implemented by distributed controllers within the region protected by the coordination controller in response to the corresponding set of defined system conditions.

6. The electrical power system of claim 5, wherein at least one of the system conditions in the set of defined system conditions is a system condition external to the region protected by the coordinate controller.

7. The electrical power system of claim 5, wherein the coordination controller receives information from the at least one distributed controller outside of the region protected by the coordination controller from a multi-regional coordination controller.

8. The electrical power system of claim 1, wherein the coordination controller further comprises a component model module to perform a transient model simulation based on the received topology information, electrical measurement data, and the protection settings, and

wherein the RAS module uses results of the transient model simulation to define the set of protective control operations to be implemented by distributed controllers in response to the corresponding set of defined system conditions.

9. The electrical power system of claim 8, wherein the component model module of the coordination controller is configured to model a response of at least one of:

an instantaneous overcurrent element;

an inverse-time overcurrent element;

a thermal element;

a reactive power control element;

a distance element;

a current differential element;

a load encroachment element;

an impedance characteristic control element;

an undervoltage element;

a directional element;

a negative sequence current element;

a loss of excitation element;

a negative sequence voltage element;

an overvoltage element;

a ground fault element;

a high-impedance fault element;

an underfrequency element; and

an overfrequency element.

10. The electrical power system of claim 8, wherein the component model of the coordination controller is configured to model a response of one a reactive power controller, a capacitor bank controller, a transformer tap changing controller, a generator over-excitation limit controller, a governor controller, a power system stabilizer controller, a shunt reactor controller, a DC line controller, and an inverter controller.

11. A method for generating a dynamic remedial action scheme for distributed coordinated control to an electrical power system, comprising:

receiving, by a coordination controller, topology information from one or more of a plurality of distributed controllers,

wherein the coordination controller is configured to coordinate protection of the electrical power system via the plurality of distributed controllers, and wherein at least one of the plurality of distributed controllers is configured to implement a protective control operation;

receiving, by the coordination controller, electric power measurement data from one or more of the plurality of distributed controllers;

conducting model simulations of the electrical power system based on the topology information, electric power measurement data, and initial protection settings for each of the plurality of distributed controllers;

defining a remedial action scheme (RAS) for at least a portion of the electrical power system that includes a first protective control operation to be implemented by one of the plurality of distributed controllers in response to a defined event;

receiving, by the coordinate controller, an updated protection setting from at least one of the plurality of distributed controllers, wherein the updated protection setting comprises a setting in which at least one of the plurality of distributed controllers protects at least portions of the electrical power system via a discontinuous control action; and

dynamically updating the RAS to modify the first protective control operation based on the updated protection setting.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the coordination controller is configured to provide distributed coordinate control to a first of a plurality of regions of the electrical power system, and wherein each of the plurality of distributed controllers is within the first region.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the coordination controller is configured to provide distributed coordinate control to a first of a plurality of regions of the electrical power system, and wherein at least one of the plurality of distributed controllers is outside of the first region.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein protective control operations of the RAS are to be implemented by distributed controllers within the first region.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein receiving the updated protection setting from at least one of the plurality of distributed controllers comprises receiving real-time updates of protection settings for at least some of the distributed controllers.

16. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

adjusting the protection settings of at least one of the distributed controllers in response to one of the topology information and the electric power measurement data.

17. An intelligent electronic device as a wide-area controller to provide coordinated protection to an electrical power delivery system, comprising:

a processor;

at least one communications network interface to

receive electrical measurement data from a plurality of protective intelligent electronic device (protective IEDs) within the electrical power delivery system,

receive real-time updated protection settings from at least one of the plurality of protective IEDs that uses adaptive protection settings, wherein the real-time updated protection settings comprise at least one setting in which at least one of the plurality of IEDs protects at least portions of the electrical power delivery system via a discontinuous control action, and

transmit protective control operation commands to at least one of the protective IEDs;

a component modeling system to use the processor to repeatedly update a transient model simulation of at least a portion of the electrical power delivery system in response to receiving (1) updated electrical measurement data or (2) receiving real-time updated protection settings from one of the plurality of protective IEDs; and

a remedial action scheme (RAS) system to use the processor to dynamically modify a RAS based on a most recent updated transient model simulation to redefine a set of protective control operations to be implemented by at least one of the protective IEDs in response to a corresponding set of defined conditions.

18. The intelligent electronic device of claim 17, wherein the RAS system dynamicall modifies the set of protective control operations to be implemented in response to the corresponding set of defined conditions each time the component modeling system receives updated protection settings.

19. The intelligent electronic device of claim 17, wherein at least one of the condition! in the set of defined conditions comprises one of an equipment status, a breaker status, a voltage measurement, a current measurement, and a frequency measurement.

20. The intelligent electronic device of claim 17, wherein the component modeling system updates the transient model simulation based on information from one or more of the protective IEDs that includes topology information, electrical measurement data, and the protection settings.