Fault-tolerant power distribution systems for a modular power plant

• US 10,333,342 B2
• Filed: 12/05/2017
• Issued: 06/25/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 04/05/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NuScale Power, LLC.
• Original Assignee: NuScale Power, LLC.
• Inventors: Hough, Ted
• Primary Examiner(s): Chen, Sibin
• Application Number:
  US15/831,822
• Publication Number:
  US 20180097397A1
• Time in Patent Office: 567 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H02B 13/005 Electrical connection between switchgear cells
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 11/00 Circuit arrangements for providing service supply to auxiliaries of stations in which electric power is generated, distributed or converted
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/18 The network being internal to a power source or plant
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/0073 for providing alternative feeding paths between load and source when the main path fails, e.g. transformers, busbars
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/38 Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/381 Dispersed generators
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/061 for DC powered loads
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 30/30 Nuclear fission reactors

Abstract

Fault-tolerant power distribution systems for modular power plants are discussed. The systems enable the transmission of a portion of the power generated by a modular power plant to remote consumers. The systems also enable the local distribution of another portion of the generated power within the power plant. The various fault-tolerant systems enable the plant to continuously, and without degradation or disruption, transmit power to remote consumers and distribute power within in the power plant in the event of one or more faults within the distribution system. The various embodiments include redundant power-transmission paths, power-distribution module feeds, switchgear, and other hardware components. Such redundant transmission paths and hardware enable the systems to continuously, and without degradation or disruption, transmit power to remote consumers and locally distribute power to the power plant when one or more faults occur within one or more of the redundant power-transmission paths and/or hardware components.

Claims

1. A fault-tolerant power distribution system for locally distributing electrical power generated in a power plant to a power distribution module of the power plant, the power plant having a generator that converts thermal energy into a power signal, the system comprising:

a first feed to the power distribution module;

a first transmission path between the first feed and the generator;

a second feed to the power distribution module;

a second transmission path between the second feed and the generator;

the first transmission path having a first switch for selectively coupling and decoupling the first transmission path to the generator, wherein when the first transmission path is coupled to the generator the first transmission path transmits a first portion of the power signal to the first feed, wherein the first feed provides the first portion of the power signal to the distribution module for use locally by the power plant;

the second transmission path having a second switch for selectively coupling and decoupling the second transmission path to the generator, wherein when the second transmission path is coupled to the generator the second transmission path transmits the first portion of the power signal to the second feed, wherein the second feed provides the first portion of the power signal to the distribution module for use locally by the power plant.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising:

a first switchgear module that includes the first switch and a first switchgear module bus that includes a first portion of the first transmission path, wherein when the first switch couples the first transmission path to the generator, the generator is coupled to at least a portion of the first switchgear module bus; and

a second switchgear module that includes a second switchgear module bus that includes a first portion of the second transmission path, wherein when the second switch couples the second transmission path to the generator, the generator is coupled to at least a portion of the second switchgear module bus.

3. The system of claim 2, further comprising:

a third switchgear module that includes a second portion of the first transmission path, wherein the first feed is coupled to an output of the third switchgear module; and

a fourth switchgear module that includes a second portion of the second transmission path, wherein the second feed is coupled to an output of the fourth switchgear module.

4. The system of claim 3, further comprising:

a first main power transformer (MPT);

a third switch that selectively couples and decouples the first MPT to the first switchgear module bus such that when the first transmission path is coupled to the generator and the first MPT is coupled to the first switchgear module bus, a second portion of the power signal is transmitted to the first MPT and the first MPT transforms a voltage of the second portion of the power signal from a first voltage level to a second voltage level.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the power plant comprises a second generator and a second power distribution module for local use by the power plant, the system further comprising:

a third feed to the second power distribution module;

a third transmission path;

a fourth feed to the second power distribution module;

a fourth transmission path;

the third transmission path having a third switch for selectively coupling the third transmission path between the second generator and the third feed;

the fourth transmission path having a fourth switch for selectively coupling and decoupling the fourth transmission path to the second generator and to the fourth feed.

6. The system of claim 2, further comprising:

a first main power transformer (MPT);

a third switch that selectively couples and decouples the first MPT to the first switchgear module bus such that when the first transmission path is coupled to the generator and the first MPT is coupled to the first switchgear module bus, a second portion of the power signal is transmitted to the first MPT and the first MPT transforms a voltage of the second portion of the power signal from a first voltage level to a second voltage level.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the power plant comprises a second generator and a second power distribution module for local use by the power plant, the system further comprising:

a third feed to the second power distribution module;

a third transmission path;

a fourth feed to the second power distribution module;

a fourth transmission path;

the third transmission path having a third switch for selectively coupling the third transmission path between the second generator and the third feed;

the fourth transmission path having a fourth switch for selectively coupling and decoupling the fourth transmission path to the second generator and to the fourth feed.

8. A fault-tolerant power distribution system for locally distributing electrical power generated in a power plant having a first generator and a second generator, the system comprising:

a power distribution module configured for local power use within the power plant;

a first plurality of transmission paths between the first generator and the power distribution module to selectively transmit a first portion of a first power signal from the first generator to the power distribution module, the first plurality of transmission paths including a first switchgear module and a second switchgear module arranged between the first generator and the power distribution module;

a second plurality of transmission paths between the second generator and the power distribution module to selectively transmit a first portion of a second power signal from the second generator to the power distribution module;

a first switch that when in a first state, couples the first generator to the first switchgear module and when in a second state, decouples the first generator from the first switchgear module;

a second switch that when in a first state, couples the first generator to the second switchgear module and when in a second state, decouples the first generator from the second switchgear module;

a third switch that when in a first state, couples the second generator to the second switchgear module and when in a second state, decouples the second generator from the second switchgear module;

a fourth switch that when in a first state, couples the second generator to the first switchgear module and when in a second state, decouples the second generator from the first switchgear module;

a first feed for the power distribution module, wherein the first feed is selectively coupled to the first switchgear module, wherein when coupled to the first switchgear module and the first switchgear module transmits the first power signal, the first feed provides the first power signal to the power distribution module and the power distribution module distributes a portion of the first power signal to the power plant; and

a second feed for the power distribution module, wherein the second feed is selectively coupled to the second switchgear module, wherein when coupled to the second switchgear module and the second switchgear module transmits the first power signal, the second feed provides the first power signal to the power distribution module and the distribution module distributes the portion of the first power signal to the power plant.

9. The system of claim 8 wherein the power plant comprises a plurality of additional generators, the system further comprising:

a plurality of additional transmission paths, one of the transmission paths from among the plurality of additional transmission paths being arranged between each one of the generators from among the plurality of additional generators and the power distribution module, each one of the plurality of additional transmission paths being configured for selective electrical connection between a corresponding one of the plurality of additional generators and the power distribution module.

10. The system of claim 8, wherein the first switchgear module includes the first switch and the second switchgear module includes the third switch.

11. The system of claim 8, wherein the first switchgear module includes the fourth switch and the second switchgear module includes the second switch.

12. The system of claim 8, further comprising:

a third feed for the power distribution module and a fourth feed for the power distribution module;

a fifth switch that when in a first state, couples the first switchgear module to the first and the fourth feeds and when in a second state, decouples the first switchgear module from the first and the fourth feeds;

a sixth switch that when in a first state, couples the second switchgear module to the second and the third feeds and when in a second state, decouples the second switchgear module from the second and the third feeds.

13. The system of claim 8, further comprising:

a third feed for the power distribution module and a fourth feed for the power distribution module;

a third switchgear module that when coupled to the first generator, transmits the portion of the first power signal from the first switchgear module to the first feed and when coupled to the second generator, transmits the portion of the second power signal from the first switchgear module to the fourth feed; and

a fourth switchgear module that when coupled to the first generator, transmits the portion of the first power signal from the second switchgear module to the second feed and when coupled to the second generator, transmits the portion of the second power signal from the second switchgear module to the third feed.

14. The system of claim 13, further comprising:

a first unit auxiliary transformer (UAT) positioned in the first transmission path and arranged to transform a voltage of the portion of the first power signal that is transmitted to the power distribution module.

15. The system of claim 8, further comprising:

a fifth switch that when in a first state, couples the first switchgear module to a switchyard that is external to the system and when in a second state, decouples the first switchgear module form the switchyard such that when each of the first and the fifth switches are in the first state, another portion of the first power signal is transmitted from the first switchgear module to the switchyard and when each of the fourth and the fifth switches are in the first state, another portion of the second power signal is transmitted from the first switchgear module to the switchyard.

16. A fault-tolerant power distribution system for locally distributing electrical power generated in a power plant that includes a plurality of generators that each generate one of a plurality of power signals, the system comprising:

a plurality of distribution modules for local power distribution within the power plant;

a plurality of front-end modules, each one of the plurality of front end modules receiving an input from the plurality of generators and having a front-end module output; and

a backend bus that is coupled to the outputs of each of the plurality of front-end modules and to an input of the plurality of distribution modules;

wherein the front-end modules and the backend bus are configured to enable selective transmission between any selected one of the plurality of generators and any selected one of the plurality of distribution modules, and

wherein the plurality of generators comprises at least a first generator that generates a first power signal, a second generator that generates a second power signal, and a third generator that generates a third power signal, and

wherein the plurality of front-end modules further comprises;

a first front-end module that selectively transmits at least a portion of each of the first, the second, and the third power signals from an input of the first front-end module to an output of the first front-end module;

a second front-end module that selectively transmits the portion of the second power signal from an input of the second front-end module to an output of the second front-end module; and

a third front-end module that selectively transmits the portion of each of the first and the third power signals from an input of the third front-end module to an output of the third front-end module.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein the plurality of distribution modules comprises a first distribution module, a second distribution module, and a third distribution module, and further wherein:

the backend bus is coupled to the outputs of each of the first, the second, and the third front-end modules and to an input of each of a first feed and a second feed for a first distribution module that corresponds to the first generator, a first feed and a second feed for the second distribution module that corresponds to the second generator, and a first feed and a second feed for the third distribution module that corresponds to the third generator.

18. The system of claim 17, further comprising:

a first backend module that includes a first portion of the backend bus that is coupled to the first feed for the first distribution module, the second feed for the second distribution module, and the second feed for the third distribution module;

a second backend module that includes a second portion of the backend bus that is coupled to the first feed for the second distribution module; and

a third backend module that includes a third portion of the backend bus that is coupled to the second feed for the first distribution module and the first feed for the third distribution module.

19. The system of claim 18, further comprising:

a first cable bus module that electrically couples the first portion of the backend bus included in the first backend module to the second portion of the backend bus included in the second backend module;

a second cable bus module that electrically couples the second portion of the backend bus included in the second backend module to the third portion of the backend bus included in the third backend module; and

a third cable bus module that electrically couples the third portion of the backend bus included in the third backend module to the first portion of the backend bus included in the first backend module.

20. The system of claim 16, further comprising:

a first cable bus module that electrically couples the first portion of the backend bus included in the first backend module to the second portion of the backend bus included in the second backend module;

a second cable bus module that electrically couples the second portion of the backend bus included in the second backend module to the third portion of the backend bus included in the third backend module; and

a third cable bus module that electrically couples the third portion of the backend bus included in the third backend module to the first portion of the backend bus included in the first backend module.