Power supply control circuit, energy harvesting device, and control method of energy harvesting device

• US 10,340,847 B2
• Filed: 09/26/2017
• Issued: 07/02/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 11/25/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Fujitsu Limited
• Original Assignee: Fujitsu Limited
• Inventors: Nakamoto, Hiroyuki
• Primary Examiner(s): Diao, M Baye
• Application Number:
  US15/715,869
• Publication Number:
  US 20180152137A1
• Time in Patent Office: 644 Days
• Field of Search: 320102
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/001 Energy harvesting or scavenging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0024 Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/35 with light sensitive cells
• CPC Class Codes: H02S 40/38 Energy storage means, e.g. batteries, structurally associated with PV modules
• CPC Class Codes: H02S 50/00 Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/00 Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field H04B10/00, H04B15/00 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/50 Photovoltaic [PV] energy
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 70/30 Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 90/50 Energy storage in industry with an added climate change mitigation effect

Abstract

A power supply control circuit includes: a power supply control switch provided between a load and a capacitor which stores power from an energy harvester in which a plurality of power generation cells are coupled in series and supplies stored power to the load and configured to select whether or not to supply the stored power in the capacitor to the load; and a controller configured to control the power supply control switch based on a first potential extracted from a first coupling node of the plurality of power generation cells and a second potential extracted from a second coupling node different from the first coupling node.

Claims

1. A power supply control circuit comprising:

a power supply control switch provided between a load and a capacitor which stores power from an energy harvester in which a plurality of power generation cells are coupled in series and supplies stored power to the load and configured to select whether or not to supply the stored power in the capacitor to the load; and

a controller configured to control the power supply control switch based on a first potential extracted from a first coupling node of the plurality of power generation cells and a second potential extracted from a second coupling node different from the first coupling node,

wherein the capacitor is coupled between first and second power supply lines, and the power supply control switch and the load are coupled in series between the first and second power supply lines.

2. The power supply control circuit according to claim 1, further comprising:

a potential selection switch coupled to the first coupling node and the second coupling node and configured to select and output the first potential or the second potential based on a control signal from the controller.

3. The power supply control circuit according to claim 2, wherein an absolute value of the second potential is larger than an absolute value of the first potential, and

the controller:

controls the potential selection switch to select the second potential when an absolute value of an output voltage of the capacitor increases; and

selects the first potential when the absolute value of the output voltage of the capacitor decreases.

4. The power supply control circuit according to claim 2, wherein

the potential selection switch includes:

a first potential selection transistor of a first conductivity type; and

a second potential selection transistor of a second conductivity type different from the first conductivity type,

a source of the first potential selection transistor is coupled to one of the first coupling node and the second coupling node which has a smaller absolute value of a potential,

a source of the second potential selection transistor is coupled to one of the first coupling node and the second coupling node which has a larger absolute value of a potential, and

a potential of a selected-potential output node to which drains of the first and second potential selection transistors are coupled in common is output to the controller as a selected potential.

5. The power supply control circuit according to claim 4, wherein

the control signal is input to gates of the first and second potential selection transistors in the potential selection switch, and

the power supply control switch is on/off-controlled based on the control signal.

6. The power supply control circuit according to claim 2, wherein

the power supply control switch includes a switch transistor,

the controller includes:

a first transistor coupled in series to a first resistor between the first and second power supply lines and having a gate to which an output node of the potential selection switch is coupled, and

a second transistor coupled in series to a second resistor between the first and second power supply lines and having a gate to which a coupling node between the first resistor and the first transistor is coupled, and

the control signal is extracted from a coupling node between the second resistor and the second transistor and is output to a gate of the switch transistor and the potential selection switch.

7. The power supply control circuit according to claim 6, wherein

the first resistor is coupled to a power supply line on a higher potential side in the first and second power supply lines,

the second resistor and the switch transistor are coupled to a power supply line on a lower potential side in the first and second power supply lines,

the switch transistor and the first transistor are n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors, and

the second transistor is a p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor.

8. The power supply control circuit according to claim 6, wherein

the first resistor is coupled to a power supply line on a lower potential side in the first and second power supply lines,

the second resistor and the switch transistor are coupled to a power supply line on a higher potential side in the first and second power supply lines,

the switch transistor and the first transistor are p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor transistors, and

the second transistor is an n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor.

9. The power supply control circuit according to claim 2, wherein

the power supply control switch includes a switch transistor,

the controller includes a first transistor coupled in series to a first resistor between the first and second power supply lines and having a gate to which an output node of the potential selection switch is coupled, and

the control signal is extracted from a coupling node between the first resistor and the first transistor and is output to a gate of the switch transistor and the potential selection switch.

10. The power supply control circuit according to claim 9, wherein

the first resistor is coupled to a power supply line on a higher potential side in the first and second power supply lines,

the switch transistor is a p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor, and

the first transistor is an n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor.

11. The power supply control circuit according to claim 9, wherein

the first resistor is coupled to a power supply line on a lower potential side in the first and second power supply lines,

the switch transistor is an n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor, and

the first transistor is a p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor.

12. The power supply control circuit according to claim 1, wherein

the plurality of power generation cells are each a solar cell element, and

the energy harvester is a solar cell module.

13. The power supply control circuit according to claim 1, wherein

the load is a wireless communication module.

14. An energy harvesting device comprising:

an energy harvester;

a capacitor configured to store power from the energy harvester in which a plurality of power generation cells are coupled in series, and supply stored power to a load; and

a power supply control circuit including;

a power supply control switch provided between the capacitor and the load and configured to select whether or not to supply the stored power in the capacitor to the load; and

a controller configured to control the power supply control switch based on a first potential extracted from a first coupling node of the plurality of power generation cells and a second potential extracted from a second coupling node different from the first coupling node,

wherein the capacitor is coupled between first and second power supply lines, and the power supply control switch and the load are coupled in series between the first and second power supply lines.

15. A control method of an energy harvesting device comprising:

storing, by a capacitor, power from the energy harvester in which a plurality of power generation cells are coupled in series;

selecting, by a power supply control switch provided between a load and the capacitor, whether or not to supply stored power in the capacitor to the load; and

controlling, by a controller, the power supply control switch based on a first potential extracted from a first coupling node of the plurality of power generation cells and a second potential extracted from a second coupling node different from the first coupling node,

wherein the capacitor is coupled between first and second power supply lines, and the power supply control switch and the load are coupled in series between the first and second power supply lines.