Energy recovery ventilation smoke evacuation

• US 10,344,994 B2
• Filed: 05/22/2017
• Issued: 07/09/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 03/20/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Tyco Fire & Security GmbH (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Original Assignee: Air Distribution Technologies IP, LLC (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Inventors: Wiley, Josiah, Longman, Michael G.
• Primary Examiner(s): Rinehart, Kenneth
• Assistant Examiner(s): Decker, Phillip
• Application Number:
  US15/602,065
• Publication Number:
  US 20170254556A1
• Time in Patent Office: 778 Days
• Field of Search: 454257
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/30 for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/33 to fire, excessive heat or smoke
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/34 by opening air passages
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/35 by closing air passages
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/70 Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/50 Air quality properties
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/62 Tobacco smoke
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2203/104 Heat exchanger wheel
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 7/08 with separate ducts for supplied and exhausted air with provisions for reversal of the input and output systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 30/70 Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Abstract

A control system, comprising one or more smoke sensors, each configured to measure a level of smoke at a location within a building and to output a smoke level signal based at least in part upon the measured level of smoke. A controller configured to receive the smoke level signals and to control an operation of one or more energy recovery ventilation systems in a first mode of operation to recover energy when the smoke level signal is below a predetermined value and in a second mode of operation to evacuate smoke when the smoke level signal is above the predetermined value.

Claims

1. A control system for an energy recovery ventilation system that is configured to provide heating, ventilating, and/or air conditioning to at least one room of a building, comprising:

a smoke sensor configured to measure a level of smoke within the building and output a smoke level signal based on the level of smoke; and

a controller configured to receive the smoke level signal, to operate the energy recovery ventilation system in a first mode of operation when the smoke level signal is below a predetermined value, and operate the energy recovery ventilation system in a second mode of operation when the smoke level signal is above the predetermined value, wherein operating the energy recovery ventilation system in the second mode of operation comprises;

selecting a predetermined sequence from a plurality of predetermined sequences, wherein the plurality of predetermined sequences comprises;

a purge sequence, wherein the purge sequence is performed by opening an exhaust air damper to exhaust stale air from the at least one room and opening an outside air damper to replace the stale air with fresh air directed into the at least one room;

a pressurization sequence, wherein the pressurization sequence is performed by closing the exhaust air damper to achieve a positive pressure within the at least one room by directing the fresh air into the at least one room; and

an exhaust sequence, wherein the exhaust sequence is performed by closing the outside air damper to achieve a negative pressure within the at least one room by exhausting the stale air from the at least one room; and

controlling the operation of the energy recovery ventilation system to perform the predetermined sequence.

2. The control system of claim 1, comprising a pressure sensor configured to measure a rate of change of an air pressure within the building, wherein the controller is configured to select the predetermined sequence of the plurality of predetermined sequences based on the rate of change of the air pressure.

3. The control system of claim 1, wherein the pressurization sequence comprises incrementally closing the exhaust air damper to achieve the positive pressure within the at least one room of the building.

4. The control system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to control the operation of one or more fans, one or more dampers, one or more thermal wheels, or any combination thereof.

5. The control system of claim 1, wherein the purge sequence is performed by increasing an intake fan speed and increasing an exhaust fan speed.

6. The control system of claim 1, wherein the pressurization sequence is performed by increasing an intake fan speed and decreasing an exhaust fan speed to achieve the positive pressure within the at least one room of the building.

7. The control system of claim 1, wherein the exhaust sequence is performed by decreasing an intake fan speed and increasing an exhaust fan speed to achieve the negative pressure within the at least one room of the building.

8. A system, comprising:

a first smoke sensor configured to measure a first level of smoke at a first location within a building and output a first smoke level signal based on the first level of smoke;

a second smoke sensor configured to measure a second level of smoke at a second location within the building and output a second smoke level signal based on the second level of smoke; and

a controller configured to receive the first smoke level signal and the second smoke level signal and control an operation of a first energy recovery ventilation system in a first mode of operation when the first smoke level signal is below a predetermined value, and control an operation of a second energy recovery ventilation system in a second mode of operation when the second smoke level signal is above the predetermined value, wherein the second energy recovery ventilation system is configured to provide heating, ventilating, and/or air conditioning to at least one room of the building, and wherein operating the second energy recovery ventilation system in the second mode of operation comprises;

selecting a predetermined sequence from a plurality of predetermined sequences, wherein the plurality of predetermined sequences comprises;

a purge sequence, wherein the purge sequence is performed by opening an exhaust air damper to exhaust stale air from the at least one room and opening an outside air damper to replace the stale air with fresh air directed into the at least one room;

a pressurization sequence, wherein the pressurization sequence is performed by closing the exhaust air damper to achieve a positive pressure within the at least one room by directing the fresh air into the at least one room; and

an exhaust sequence, wherein the exhaust sequence is performed by closing the outside air damper to achieve a negative pressure within the at least one room by exhausting the stale air from the at least one room; and

controlling the operation of the second energy recovery ventilation system to perform the predetermined sequence.

9. The system of claim 8, comprising a pressure sensor configured to measure a local air pressure within the at least one room of the building and output a pressure signal based on the local air pressure, wherein the controller is configured to receive the pressure signal and control the operation of one or more fans and one or more dampers based on the pressure signal.

10. The system of claim 8, wherein the controller is configured to control the operation of one or more fans, one or more dampers, one or more thermal wheels, or any combination thereof.

11. The system of claim 8, wherein the controller is configured to control the operation of a first fan, a first damper, and a first thermal wheel associated with the first energy recovery ventilation system, and control the operation of a second fan, a second damper, and a second thermal wheel associated with the second energy recovery ventilation system.

12. The system of claim 8, wherein the purge sequence is performed by increasing an intake fan speed and increasing an exhaust fan speed.

13. The system of claim 8, wherein the pressurization sequence is performed by increasing an intake fan speed and decreasing an exhaust fan speed to achieve the positive pressure within the at least one room of the building.

14. The system of claim 8, wherein the exhaust sequence is performed by decreasing an intake fan speed and increasing an exhaust fan speed to achieve the negative pressure within the at least one room of the building.

15. A system, comprising:

a smoke sensor configured to measure a level of smoke within a building and output a smoke level signal based on the level of smoke; and

a controller configured to receive the smoke level signal and control an operation of an energy recovery ventilation system that is configured to provide heating, ventilating, and/or air conditioning to at least one room of the building, wherein the controller is configured to control the operation of the energy recovery ventilation system in a first mode of operation when the smoke level signal is below a predetermined value, and control the operation of the energy recovery ventilation system in a second mode of operation when the smoke level signal is above the predetermined value, wherein operating the energy recovery ventilation system in the second mode of operation comprises;

selecting a predetermined sequence from a plurality of predetermined sequences, wherein the plurality of predetermined sequences comprise;

a purge sequence, wherein the purge sequence is performed by opening an exhaust air damper to exhaust stale air from the at least one room and opening an outside air damper to replace the stale air with fresh air directed into the at least one room;

a pressurization sequence, wherein the pressurization sequence is performed by closing the exhaust air damper to achieve a positive pressure within the at least one room by directing the fresh air into the at least one room; and

an exhaust sequence, wherein the exhaust sequence is performed by closing the outside air damper to achieve a negative pressure within the at least one room by exhausting the stale air from the at least one room; and

controlling the operation of the energy recovery ventilation system to perform the predetermined sequence.

16. The system of claim 15, comprising a pressure sensor configured to measure a local air pressure within the building, wherein the pressure sensor is configured to output a pressure signal based on the local air pressure, and wherein the controller is configured to receive the pressure signal and control the operation of one or more fans and one or more dampers based on the pressure signal.

17. The system of claim 15, wherein the controller is configured to operate a thermal wheel in the first mode of operation and operate a bypass damper in the second mode of operation.

18. The system of claim 15, wherein the purge sequence is performed by increasing an intake fan speed and increasing an exhaust fan speed.

19. The system of claim 15, wherein the pressurization sequence is performed by increasing an intake fan speed and decreasing an exhaust fan speed to achieve the positive pressure within the at least one room of the building.

20. The system of claim 15, wherein the exhaust sequence is performed by decreasing an intake fan speed and increasing an exhaust fan speed to achieve the negative pressure within the at least one room of the building.