Augmented and virtual reality display systems and methods for determining optical prescriptions

• US 10,345,590 B2
• Filed: 09/19/2016
• Issued: 07/09/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 03/16/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Magic Leap, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Magic Leap, Inc.
• Inventors: Samec, Nicole Elizabeth, Macnamara, John Graham, Harrises, Christopher M., Schowengerdt, Brian T., Abovitz, Rony, Baerenrodt, Mark
• Primary Examiner(s): Tseng, Charles
• Application Number:
  US15/269,292
• Publication Number:
  US 20170000329A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,023 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0204 Acoustic sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0247 Pressure sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/0008 provided with illuminating means A61B3/117 takes precedence; goniolenses used for laser treatment A61F9/009; illuminating means for optical instruments G02B27/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/0025 characterised by electronic signal processing, e.g. eye models
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/005 Constructional features of the display
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/022 for testing contrast sensitivity
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/024 for determining the visual field, e.g. perimeter types
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/028 for testing visual acuity; for determination of refraction, e.g. phoropters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/0285 Phoropters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/032 Devices for presenting test symbols or characters, e.g. test chart projectors A61B3/036 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/036 for testing astigmatism
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/063 for testing light sensitivity, i.e. adaptation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/066 for testing colour vision
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/08 for testing binocular or stereoscopic vision, e.g. strabismus
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/085 for testing strabismus
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/10 Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1005 for measuring distances inside the eye, e.g. thickness of the cornea A61B3/11 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/101 for examining the tear film
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1015 for wavefront analysis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/102 : for optical coherence tomography [OCT]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1035 : for measuring astigmatism testing astigmatism A61B3/036
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/113 : for determining or recording eye movement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/12 : for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes A61B3/13 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1216 : for diagnostics of the iris
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1241 : specially adapted for observation of ocular blood flow, e.g. by fluorescein angiography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/13 : Ophthalmic microscopes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/14 : Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography apparatus or arrangements for taking photographs per se G03B
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/165 : Non-contacting tonometers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0059 : using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence A61B5/0093, A61B5/1455, A61B5/02416 and A61B5/0261 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0066 : Optical coherence imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0077 : Devices for viewing the surface of the body, e.g. camera, magnifying lens
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/01 : Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/12 : Audiometering
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 : for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1455 : using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14555 : specially adapted for the eye fundus
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/361 : Detecting fibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/369 : Electroencephalography [EEG] devices for psychotechnics A61B5/16
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/398 : Electrooculography [EOG], e.g. detecting nystagmus; Electroretinography [ERG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6803 : Head-worn items, e.g. helmets, masks, headphones or goggles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/10 : Eye inspection
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/461 : Displaying means of special interest
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2007/0004 : Eyes or part of the face surrounding the eyes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2007/004 : Hip
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2009/00863 : Retina
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 9/0026 : Ophthalmic product dispenser attachments to facilitate positioning near the eye
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/165 : Wearable interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0022 : by the tactile sense, e.g. vibrations
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0027 : by the hearing sense
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0066 : with heating or cooling
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 21/02 : for inducing sleep or relaxation, e.g. by direct nerve stimulation, hypnosis, analgesia for massage A61H; electrotherapy A61N, e.g. applying alternating or intermittent electric currents for producing anaesthesia A61N1/36021
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3375 : Acoustical, e.g. ultrasonic, measuring means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/507 : Head Mounted Displays [HMD]
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/0648 : the light being directed to the eyes
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0138 : comprising image capture systems, e.g. camera
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/014 : comprising information/image processing systems
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0185 : Displaying image at variable distance
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 21/0032 : Optical details of illumination, e.g. light-sources, pinholes, beam splitters, slits, fibers G02B21/0036 - G02B21/008; means for illumination of specimens in general G02B21/06
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0093 : with means for monitoring data relating to the user, e.g. head-tracking, eye-tracking
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0172 : characterised by optical features
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0179 : Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
• CPC Class Codes: G02C 7/027 : considering wearer's parameters
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 19/006 : Mixed reality object pose determination, tracking or camera calibration for mixed reality G06T7/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10024 : Color image
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10148 : Varying focus
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10152 : Varying illumination
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30041 : Eye; Retina; Ophthalmic
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/17 : delivered via infusion or injection
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/63 : for local operation
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/67 : for remote operation
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/20 : for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems

Abstract

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user'"'"'s body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

Claims

1. An augmented reality device comprising:

an augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system comprising a wearable augmented reality display platform configured to pass light from the world into an eye of a wearer wearing the head-mounted ophthalmic system, the augmented reality display platform comprising optics configured to output light to form an image in the eye,

wherein the augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system is configured to conduct an eye exam by automatically varying a focus of the image to provide incremental changes in optical prescription,

wherein the optics comprise a waveguide stack comprising a plurality of waveguides, and

wherein different waveguides of the plurality of waveguides output the light of the optics with different amounts of wavefront divergence corresponding to different depth planes.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the wearable augmented reality display platform comprises a fiber scanning display.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein the optics comprises an adaptable optics element configured to project the light of the optics.

4. The device of claim 3, wherein the adaptable optics element comprises a variable focus element.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the waveguide stack further comprises one or more lenses.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system is configured to project a variety of images of varying sizes and/or intensity.

7. The device of claim 6, wherein the variety of images comprise letters.

8. The device of claim 1, further comprising a user interface configured to receive input from the wearer regarding the image.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein the augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system is configured to assess whether the wearer can view the image with normal visual acuity and to incrementally change the prescription, positive or negative, by changing focus based on the assessment.

10. The device of claim 1, wherein the augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system is configured to assess whether the wearer can view the image with normal visual acuity and to determine the prescription of the wearer based on the assessment.

11. The device of claim 1, wherein the augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system is configured to automatically perform adjustments to the prescription based on physical changes of the eye.

12. The device of claim 11, wherein the augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system is configured to track eye behavior such that the adjustments may be automatically made by the ophthalmic system.

13. The device of claim 1, further comprising a fiber light source, wherein the augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system varies the focus of the light forming the image by varying fiber length or position.

14. The device of claim 1, further comprising a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) device;

wherein the augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system varies the focus of the light forming the image by varying the MEMS device.

15. The device of claim 1, wherein the eye exam includes a visual acuity exam, brightness test, and/or glare test.

16. The device of claim 1, wherein the augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system is configured to automatically determine a focus quality of the light forming the image.

17. The device of claim 16, wherein the focus quality is determined through analysis of accommodation, vergence, and/or pupil size of the eye of the wearer.

18. The device of claim 1, wherein the augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system is configured to measure accommodation reflex by measuring accommodation, vergence, and/or pupil size.

19. A wearable virtual reality device comprising:

a virtual reality head-mounted ophthalmic system comprising a wearable virtual reality display platform comprising optics configured to output light to form an image in an eye of a wearer, wherein the virtual reality display platform comprises a fiber scanning display,

wherein the virtual reality head-mounted ophthalmic system is configured to conduct an eye exam by automatically varying a focus of the image to provide incremental change in optical prescription,

wherein the optics comprise a waveguide stack comprising a plurality of waveguides,

wherein each waveguide of the plurality of waveguides comprises out-coupling diffractive optical elements configured to out-couple the light, propagating through each waveguide by total internal reflection, into the eye of the wearer with wavefront divergence corresponding to a depth plane, and

wherein different waveguides of the plurality of waveguides output the light with different amounts of wavefront divergence corresponding to different depth planes.