Surface scattering antennas with frequency shifting for mutual coupling mitigation
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A method, comprising:
- identifying a desired antenna configuration that defines a plurality of resonant frequencies for a respective plurality of radiative elements of an antenna; and
modifying the desired antenna configuration to increase resonant frequencies for first selected radiative elements and to decrease resonant frequencies for second selected radiative elements adjacent to the first selected radiative elements, whereby to reduce couplings between the first selected radiative elements and the second selected radiative elements;
wherein the radiative elements are coupled to a waveguide and the desired antenna configuration is a hologram that relates a reference wave of the waveguide to a radiated wave of the antenna, where the hologram can be expressed as a plurality of couplings between the waveguide and the radiative elements, the couplings being functions of the resonant frequencies;
wherein the modifying of the desired antenna configuration includes;
identifying a set of stationary points of the hologram; and
for each stationary point in the set of stationary points;
identifying radiative elements within a subwavelength neighborhood of the stationary point; and
staggering the resonant frequencies for the radiative elements within the subwavelength neighborhood;
wherein the staggering of the resonant frequencies includes;
for some radiative elements within the subwavelength neighborhood, increasing the resonance frequencies by a first selected frequency shift amount; and
for other radiative elements within the subwavelength neighborhood, decreasing resonance frequencies by a second selected frequency shift amount;
wherein the first selected frequency shift amount is less than or equal to a resonance linewidth of the radiative elements.
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Abstract
Inter-element couplings between radiative elements of an antenna can be reduced by increasing resonant frequencies for first selected radiative elements and decreasing resonant frequencies for second selected radiative elements. In some approaches, the radiative elements are coupled to a waveguide and the antenna configuration is a hologram that relates a reference wave of the waveguide to a radiated wave of the antenna. In some approaches, the antenna configuration is modified by identifying stationary points of the hologram and then staggering resonant frequencies for radiative elements within neighborhoods of the stationary points.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. A method, comprising:
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identifying a desired antenna configuration that defines a plurality of resonant frequencies for a respective plurality of radiative elements of an antenna; and modifying the desired antenna configuration to increase resonant frequencies for first selected radiative elements and to decrease resonant frequencies for second selected radiative elements adjacent to the first selected radiative elements, whereby to reduce couplings between the first selected radiative elements and the second selected radiative elements; wherein the radiative elements are coupled to a waveguide and the desired antenna configuration is a hologram that relates a reference wave of the waveguide to a radiated wave of the antenna, where the hologram can be expressed as a plurality of couplings between the waveguide and the radiative elements, the couplings being functions of the resonant frequencies; wherein the modifying of the desired antenna configuration includes; identifying a set of stationary points of the hologram; and for each stationary point in the set of stationary points; identifying radiative elements within a subwavelength neighborhood of the stationary point; and staggering the resonant frequencies for the radiative elements within the subwavelength neighborhood; wherein the staggering of the resonant frequencies includes; for some radiative elements within the subwavelength neighborhood, increasing the resonance frequencies by a first selected frequency shift amount; and for other radiative elements within the subwavelength neighborhood, decreasing resonance frequencies by a second selected frequency shift amount; wherein the first selected frequency shift amount is less than or equal to a resonance linewidth of the radiative elements. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. A system for operating an antenna with a plurality of adjustable radiative elements having a respective plurality of adjustable resonant frequencies, comprising:
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a storage medium on which a set of antenna configurations is written, each antenna configuration being selected to increase first selected resonant frequencies for first selected radiative elements and to decrease second selected resonant frequencies for second selected radiative elements adjacent to the first selected radiative elements, whereby to reduce couplings between the first selected radiative elements and the second selected radiative elements; and control circuitry operable to read antenna configurations from the storage medium and adjust the plurality of adjustable scattering elements to provide the antenna configurations; wherein the radiative elements are coupled to a waveguide and each antenna configuration corresponds to hologram that relates a reference wave of the waveguide to a radiated wave of the antenna, where the hologram can be expressed as a plurality of couplings between the waveguide and the radiative elements, the couplings being functions of the resonant frequencies; wherein each antenna configuration is selected by an algorithm that includes; identifying a set of stationary points of the hologram; and for each stationary point in the set of stationary points; identifying radiative elements within a subwavelength neighborhood of the stationary point; and staggering the resonant frequencies for the radiative elements within the subwavelength neighborhood wherein the staggering of the resonant frequencies includes; for some radiative elements within the subwavelength neighborhood, increasing the resonance frequencies by a first selected frequency shift amount; and for other radiative elements within the subwavelength neighborhood, decreasing resonance frequencies by a second selected frequency shift amount; wherein the first selected frequency shift amount is less than or equal to a resonance linewidth of the radiative elements. - View Dependent Claims (14)
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15. A method of controlling an antenna with a plurality of adjustable radiative elements having a respective plurality of adjustable resonant frequencies, comprising:
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reading an antenna configuration from a storage medium, the antenna configuration being selected to increase first selected resonant frequencies for first selected radiative elements and to decrease second selected resonant frequencies for second selected radiative elements adjacent to the first selected radiative elements, whereby to reduce couplings between the first selected radiative elements and the second selected radiative elements; and adjusting the antenna to provide the antenna configuration; wherein the radiative elements are coupled to a waveguide and the antenna configuration corresponds to hologram that relates a reference wave of the waveguide to a radiated wave of the antenna, where the hologram can be expressed as a plurality of couplings between the waveguide and the radiative elements, the couplings being functions of the resonant frequencies; wherein the antenna configuration is selected by an algorithm that includes; identifying a set of stationary points of the hologram; and for each stationary point in the set of stationary points; identifying radiative elements within a subwavelength neighborhood of the stationary point; and staggering the resonant frequencies for the radiative elements within the subwavelength neighborhood; wherein the staggering of the resonant frequencies includes; for some radiative elements within the subwavelength neighborhood, increasing the resonance frequencies by a first selected frequency shift amount; and for other radiative elements within the subwavelength neighborhood, decreasing resonance frequencies by a second selected frequency shift amount; wherein the first selected frequency shift amount is less than or equal to a resonance linewidth of the radiative elements. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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Specification