Digital microfluidic dilution apparatus, systems, and related methods
First Claim
1. A method comprising:
- patterning a first electrode on a first substrate, the first electrode having a first area;
patterning a second electrode on the first substrate, the second electrode having a second area, wherein the second area is a first fraction of the first area;
patterning a third electrode on the first substrate, the third electrode having a third area, wherein the third area is a second fraction of the first area;
associating the first electrode with a first volume based on the first area and a height of a gap between the first substrate and a second substrate; and
associating the second electrode with a second volume based on the second area and the height of the gap;
associating the third electrode with a third volume based on the third area and the height of the gap, wherein the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode are represented in a binary sequence based on the first area and the first volume, the second area and the second volume, and the third area and the third volume, respectively, and wherein the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode are disposed non-linearly on the first substrate.
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Abstract
Example methods, apparatus, systems for diluting samples are disclosed. An example method includes depositing a first fluid droplet on a first electrode of a plurality of electrodes. The first electrode has a first area. The first fluid droplet has a first volume associated with the first area. The example method includes depositing a second fluid droplet on a second electrode of the plurality of electrodes. The second electrode has a second area. The second fluid droplet has a second volume associated with the second area. The second volume is different than the first volume. The example method includes forming a combined droplet by selectively activating at least one of the first electrode or the second electrode to cause one of the first fluid droplet or the second fluid droplet to merge with the other of the first fluid droplet or the second fluid droplet.
29 Citations
16 Claims
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1. A method comprising:
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patterning a first electrode on a first substrate, the first electrode having a first area; patterning a second electrode on the first substrate, the second electrode having a second area, wherein the second area is a first fraction of the first area; patterning a third electrode on the first substrate, the third electrode having a third area, wherein the third area is a second fraction of the first area; associating the first electrode with a first volume based on the first area and a height of a gap between the first substrate and a second substrate; and associating the second electrode with a second volume based on the second area and the height of the gap; associating the third electrode with a third volume based on the third area and the height of the gap, wherein the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode are represented in a binary sequence based on the first area and the first volume, the second area and the second volume, and the third area and the third volume, respectively, and wherein the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode are disposed non-linearly on the first substrate. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. An apparatus comprising:
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a first substrate; a second substrate, the second substrate spaced apart from the first substrate; an electrode pattern disposed on the first substrate, the electrode pattern including a plurality of electrodes including a first electrode having a first area, a second electrode having a first fractional area relative to the first area, and a third electrode having a second fractional area relative to the first area, each of the first area, the first fractional area, and the second fractional area being different, wherein the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode are disposed non-linearly on the first substrate. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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Specification