Three-dimensional printing of three-dimensional objects
First Claim
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1. A three-dimensional object, comprising:
- a plurality of layers of solid material that are bonded together to form a shape of the three-dimensional object, wherein the plurality of layers comprises;
an interior portion of the three-dimensional object; and
a skin portion that (a) is bonded with the interior portion and (b) comprises a second plurality of layers, wherein;
(i) an exterior surface of the skin portion corresponds to at least a fraction of an exterior surface of the three-dimensional object,(ii) the exterior surface of the skin portion comprises a micro-texture of two-dimensional array of periodic peaks and valleys, wherein the exterior surface of the skin portion (1) has an arithmetic average of a roughness profile (Ra) value of at most about 30 micrometers and (2) is devoid of polishing marks, and(iii) (I) the interior portion has a first grain structure and the skin portion has a second grain structure that is different than the first grain structure and/or (II) the interior portion comprises a first plurality of grains and the skin portion comprises a second plurality of grains, and wherein the second plurality of grains are aligned differently than the first plurality of grains.
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Abstract
The present disclosure provides three-dimensional (3D) printing methods, apparatuses, systems and/or software to form one or more three-dimensional objects, some of which may be complex. The three-dimensional objects may be formed by three-dimensional printing using one or more methodologies. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional object may comprise an overhang portion, such as a cavity ceiling, with diminished deformation and/or auxiliary support structures.
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Citations
30 Claims
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1. A three-dimensional object, comprising:
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a plurality of layers of solid material that are bonded together to form a shape of the three-dimensional object, wherein the plurality of layers comprises; an interior portion of the three-dimensional object; and a skin portion that (a) is bonded with the interior portion and (b) comprises a second plurality of layers, wherein; (i) an exterior surface of the skin portion corresponds to at least a fraction of an exterior surface of the three-dimensional object, (ii) the exterior surface of the skin portion comprises a micro-texture of two-dimensional array of periodic peaks and valleys, wherein the exterior surface of the skin portion (1) has an arithmetic average of a roughness profile (Ra) value of at most about 30 micrometers and (2) is devoid of polishing marks, and (iii) (I) the interior portion has a first grain structure and the skin portion has a second grain structure that is different than the first grain structure and/or (II) the interior portion comprises a first plurality of grains and the skin portion comprises a second plurality of grains, and wherein the second plurality of grains are aligned differently than the first plurality of grains. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. A three-dimensional object comprising:
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a plurality of layers of solid material that are bonded together to form a shape of the three-dimensional object, wherein the plurality of layers comprises; an interior portion of the three-dimensional object; and a skin portion that (a) is bonded with the interior portion and (b) comprises a second plurality of layers, wherein; (i) an exterior surface of the skin portion corresponds to at least a fraction of an exterior surface of the three-dimensional object, and (ii) the exterior surface of the skin portion comprises a micro-texture of two-dimensional array of periodic peaks and valleys, wherein the two-dimensional array is periodic along the skin portion, wherein the two-dimensional array comprises overlapping tiles of deposited material, wherein the interior portion is characterized as having a first grain structure associated with being formed at a first solidification rate, and wherein the skin portion is characterized as having a second grain structure associated with being formed at a second solidification rate that is different than the first solidification rate. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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Specification