Methods and systems for diagnosing color blindness

• US 10,371,948 B2
• Filed: 09/19/2016
• Issued: 08/06/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 03/16/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Magic Leap, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Magic Leap, Inc.
• Inventors: Samec, Nicole Elizabeth, Macnamara, John Graham, Harrises, Christopher M., Schowengerdt, Brian T., Abovitz, Rony, Baerenrodt, Mark
• Primary Examiner(s): Lhymn, Sarah
• Application Number:
  US15/269,521
• Publication Number:
  US 20170000330A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,051 Days
• Field of Search: 345418, 345619, 345632, 345633
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0204 Acoustic sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0247 Pressure sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/0008 provided with illuminating means A61B3/117 takes precedence; goniolenses used for laser treatment A61F9/009; illuminating means for optical instruments G02B27/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/0025 characterised by electronic signal processing, e.g. eye models
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/005 Constructional features of the display
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/022 for testing contrast sensitivity
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/024 for determining the visual field, e.g. perimeter types
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/028 for testing visual acuity; for determination of refraction, e.g. phoropters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/0285 Phoropters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/032 Devices for presenting test symbols or characters, e.g. test chart projectors A61B3/036 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/036 for testing astigmatism
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/063 for testing light sensitivity, i.e. adaptation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/066 for testing colour vision
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/08 for testing binocular or stereoscopic vision, e.g. strabismus
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/085 for testing strabismus
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/10 Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1005 for measuring distances inside the eye, e.g. thickness of the cornea A61B3/11 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/101 for examining the tear film
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1015 for wavefront analysis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/102 : for optical coherence tomography [OCT]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1035 : for measuring astigmatism testing astigmatism A61B3/036
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/113 : for determining or recording eye movement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/12 : for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes A61B3/13 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1216 : for diagnostics of the iris
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1241 : specially adapted for observation of ocular blood flow, e.g. by fluorescein angiography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/13 : Ophthalmic microscopes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/14 : Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography apparatus or arrangements for taking photographs per se G03B
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/165 : Non-contacting tonometers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0059 : using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence A61B5/0093, A61B5/1455, A61B5/02416 and A61B5/0261 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0066 : Optical coherence imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0077 : Devices for viewing the surface of the body, e.g. camera, magnifying lens
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/01 : Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/12 : Audiometering
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 : for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1455 : using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14555 : specially adapted for the eye fundus
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/361 : Detecting fibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/369 : Electroencephalography [EEG] devices for psychotechnics A61B5/16
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/398 : Electrooculography [EOG], e.g. detecting nystagmus; Electroretinography [ERG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6803 : Head-worn items, e.g. helmets, masks, headphones or goggles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/10 : Eye inspection
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/461 : Displaying means of special interest
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2007/0004 : Eyes or part of the face surrounding the eyes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2007/004 : Hip
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2009/00863 : Retina
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 9/0026 : Ophthalmic product dispenser attachments to facilitate positioning near the eye
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/165 : Wearable interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0022 : by the tactile sense, e.g. vibrations
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0027 : by the hearing sense
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0066 : with heating or cooling
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 21/02 : for inducing sleep or relaxation, e.g. by direct nerve stimulation, hypnosis, analgesia for massage A61H; electrotherapy A61N, e.g. applying alternating or intermittent electric currents for producing anaesthesia A61N1/36021
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3375 : Acoustical, e.g. ultrasonic, measuring means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/507 : Head Mounted Displays [HMD]
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/0648 : the light being directed to the eyes
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0138 : comprising image capture systems, e.g. camera
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/014 : comprising information/image processing systems
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0185 : Displaying image at variable distance
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 21/0032 : Optical details of illumination, e.g. light-sources, pinholes, beam splitters, slits, fibers G02B21/0036 - G02B21/008; means for illumination of specimens in general G02B21/06
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0093 : with means for monitoring data relating to the user, e.g. head-tracking, eye-tracking
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0172 : characterised by optical features
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0179 : Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
• CPC Class Codes: G02C 7/027 : considering wearer's parameters
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 19/006 : Mixed reality object pose determination, tracking or camera calibration for mixed reality G06T7/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10024 : Color image
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10148 : Varying focus
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10152 : Varying illumination
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30041 : Eye; Retina; Ophthalmic
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/17 : delivered via infusion or injection
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/63 : for local operation
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/67 : for remote operation
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/20 : for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems

Abstract

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user'"'"'s body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

Claims

1. A wearable augmented reality device comprising:

an augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system comprising;

a display configured to pass light from the world into an eye of a wearer wearing the head-mounted ophthalmic system, the display comprising at least one light source and a waveguide stack comprising a plurality of waveguides, wherein each waveguide of the plurality of waveguides comprises;

in-coupling diffractive optical elements configured to in-couple light from the light source; and

out-coupling diffractive optical elements configured to out-couple light to the eye of the wearer,

wherein one or more waveguides of the plurality of waveguides are configured to output light with a different amount of wavefront divergence than one or more other waveguides of the plurality of waveguides, wherein the different amounts of wavefront divergence correspond to different depth planes,

wherein the wearable augmented reality device is configured to;

display a color test image using the display; and

determine a deficiency of the wearer in detecting specific colors based on the color test image.

2. The device of claim 1, where the display is configured to provide a background to enhance visibility of the color test image.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein display comprises one or more spatial light modulators, wherein the display is configured to provide the background using one or more of the spatial light modulators to selectively attenuate light.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein the color test image comprises an image of an Ishihara color plate.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the head-mounted ophthalmic system is configured to receive user input regarding the color test image.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the head-mounted ophthalmic system is configured to administer an anomaloscope test, wherein the display is configured to:

project light of a control color onto a first portion of the retina; and

project light of variable color onto a second portion of the retina, the variable color being controllable by the wearer.

7. The device of claim 1, where the display is a fiber scanning display configured to project light into the wearer'"'"'s eyes.

8. The device of claim 7, where the fiber scanning display comprises multiple scanning fiber devices configured to project different color light into the wearer'"'"'s eyes.

9. The device of claim 1, further comprising an adaptable optics element configured to vary a focus of light propagating into an eye of the wearer.

10. The device of claim 1, wherein the display is configured to display the color test image at a plurality of depth planes.

11. A wearable augmented reality device comprising:

an augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system comprising a wearable augmented reality display platform configured to pass the light from the world into an eye of a wearer wearing the head-mounted ophthalmic system, the display platform comprising a display comprising at least one light source and a waveguide stack comprising a plurality of waveguides, wherein each waveguide of the plurality of waveguides comprises;

in-coupling diffractive optical elements configured to in-couple light from the light source; and

out-coupling diffractive optical elements configured to out-couple light to the eye of the wearer,

wherein one or more waveguides of the plurality of waveguides are configured to output light with a different amount of wavefront divergence than one or more other waveguides of the plurality of waveguides, wherein the different amounts of wavefront divergence correspond to different depth planes,

wherein the wearable augmented reality device is configured to selectively modify the light projected from the display based on a color detection deficiency of the wearer.

12. The device of claim 11, further comprising an outward-facing camera configured to:

detect the presence, in the light from the world, of light of wavelengths corresponding to a color for which the wearer has a detection deficiency; and

detect an area of the world having the color,

wherein the wearable augmented reality device is configured to increase an amplitude of light of the wavelengths corresponding to the color for which the wearer has the detection deficiency by outputting light, in a region of the display comprising the color for which the wearer has the detection deficiency, having a wavelength corresponding to the color.

13. The device of claim 11, wherein the wearable augmented reality device is configured to selectively modify the light by changing the wavelength of light outputted in a region of the display aligned with a portion of the world having a color for which the wearer has a detection deficiency.

14. The device of claim 11, wherein the display platform comprises an optical filter, wherein the wearable augmented reality device is configured to change the wavelength of light outputted in the region of the display using the optical filter to remove spectral overlap between a plurality of photopigments.

15. A method for identifying color detection deficiencies in a person, the method comprising:

providing an augmented reality head-mounted ophthalmic system comprising a wearable augmented reality display platform comprising;

a display configured to pass light from the world into an eye of a wearer wearing the head-mounted ophthalmic system, the display comprising at least one light source and a waveguide stack comprising a plurality of waveguides, wherein each waveguide of the plurality of waveguides comprises;

in-coupling diffractive optical elements configured to in-couple light from the light source; and

out-coupling diffractive optical elements configured to out-couple light to the eye of the wearer,

wherein one or more waveguides of the plurality of waveguides are configured to output light with a different amount of wavefront divergence than one or more other waveguides of the plurality of waveguides, wherein the different amounts of wavefront divergence correspond to different depth planes,

displaying a color test image using the display; and

determining a deficiency of the wearer in detecting specific colors based on the color test image.

16. The method of claim 15, where displaying a background on the display to enhance visibility of the color test image.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the display comprises spatial light modulators, wherein displaying the background comprises using one or more of the spatial light modulators to selectively attenuate light.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein displaying the color test image comprises displaying images of Ishihara color plates.

19. The method of claim 15, further comprising administering an anomaloscope test on the eye by:

projecting light of a control color onto a first portion of the retina; and

projecting light of a variable color onto a second portion of the retina, the variable color being controllable by the wearer.

20. The method of claim 15, where the display is a fiber scanning display.

21. The method of claim 15, wherein displaying the color test image comprises outputting light with different wavefront divergence corresponding to different depth planes.