Power converter circuit including at least one battery

• US 10,374,447 B2
• Filed: 03/14/2013
• Issued: 08/06/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 03/14/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Infineon Technologies Austria Ag (Infineon Technologies AG)
• Original Assignee: Infineon Technologies Austria Ag (Infineon Technologies AG)
• Inventors: Deboy, Gerald
• Primary Examiner(s): Dunn, Drew A
• Assistant Examiner(s): Rankine, Tarikh Kanem
• Application Number:
  US13/830,528
• Publication Number:
  US 20140266069A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,336 Days
• Field of Search: 320149
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/20 Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00 Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00302 Overcharge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00712 the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/02 for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1582 Buck-boost converters H02M3/1584 takes precedence

Abstract

A circuit includes a first power converter circuit and a second power converter circuit. The input of the second power converter circuit is coupled to the output of the first power converter circuit and is configured to receive an input signal. A rechargeable battery is coupled to the output of the first power converter circuit. A charge control circuit is configured to control charging the rechargeable battery by controlling the second power converter circuit.

Claims

1. A circuit comprising:

a first power converter circuit comprising an output;

a second power converter circuit comprising an input, an output, and a first control circuit, wherein

the input of the second power converter circuit is coupled to the output of the first power converter circuit and is configured to receive an input signal from the first power converter circuit,

the output of the second power converter circuit is configured to be coupled to a load, and

the second power converter circuit is configured to deliver at the output of the second power converter circuit a first power;

a rechargeable battery coupled to the output of the first power converter circuit and to the input of the second power converter circuit; and

a second control circuit coupled to the first control circuit, the second control circuit configured to control charging the rechargeable battery during a charging mode by

detecting a charge state of the rechargeable battery, and

providing a reference signal based on the detected charge state to the first control circuit, wherein the reference signal represents a desired signal level of the input signal, and wherein the first control circuit is configured to limit the input signal based on the reference signal while the first power is positive.

2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the input signal comprises an input current or an input voltage.

3. The circuit of claim 2, wherein the second control circuit is configured to measure a voltage at the rechargeable battery and to control the input current when a rechargeable battery voltage is below a voltage threshold.

4. The circuit of claim 3, wherein the second control circuit is configured to control the rechargeable battery voltage when the rechargeable battery voltage is above the voltage threshold.

5. The circuit of claim 1, further comprising an electronic switch coupled between the rechargeable battery and the output of the first power converter circuit.

6. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the first control circuit comprises a power converter unit configured to receive the input signal and to control the input signal.

7. The circuit of claim 6, wherein the power converter unit comprises a Maximum Power Point Tracker configured to generate a reference signal representing a desired signal level of the input signal received by the power converter unit.

8. The circuit of claim 6, wherein the first power converter circuit comprises a plurality of power converter units each comprising an output connected to the output of the first power converter circuit.

9. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the first control circuit controls switching of one or more transistors of the second power converter circuit based on the reference signal.

10. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the charging mode comprises a constant current charging mode and a constant voltage charging mode.

11. The circuit of claim 10, wherein the input signal comprises an input current, and wherein, during the constant current charging mode, the first control circuit is configured to control a charging current flowing through the rechargeable battery to be substantially constant by:

when the charging current is higher than a reference current, increasing the input current; and

when the charging current is lower than the reference current, decreasing the input current.

12. The circuit of claim 10, wherein the input signal comprises an input voltage, and wherein, during the constant voltage charging mode, the first control circuit is configured to control a charging voltage across the rechargeable battery to be substantially equal a predefined voltage.

13. The circuit of claim 10, the first control circuit operates in the constant current charging mode when a voltage across the rechargeable battery is below a first threshold, and in the constant voltage charging mode when the voltage across the rechargeable battery is above the first threshold.

14. The circuit of claim 5, wherein the second control circuit is configured to turn off the electronic switch when the rechargeable battery is fully charged.

15. The circuit of claim 1, wherein, in a discharging mode, the second control circuit measures a discharging current flowing through the rechargeable battery and limit the discharging current to a predefined maximum current by controlling the reference signal.

16. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the second power converter circuit comprises a buck converter or a boost converter.

17. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the second power converter circuit is configured to supply the first power to a DC voltage grid.

18. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the first control circuit comprises a PWM controller.

19. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the second power converter circuit comprises a bidirectional converter.

20. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the second power converter circuit is configured to supply the first power to an AC voltage grid, and wherein the first control circuit is configured to receive a synchronization signal that is in phase with the AC voltage grid.

21. A method comprising:

supplying a first output power at an output of a first power converter circuit;

supplying a second output power at an output of a second power converter, the second power converter having an input coupled to the output of the first power converter circuit to receive an input signal; and

controlling, during a charging mode, a charging of a rechargeable battery coupled to the output of the first power converter circuit by

detecting a charge state of the rechargeable battery, and

providing a reference signal based on the detected charge state to the second power converter, wherein the reference signal represents a desired signal level of the input signal, and wherein the second power converter limits the input signal based on the reference signal while the second output power is positive.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the input signal comprises an input current or an input voltage.

23. The method of claim 22 further comprising:

measuring a voltage at the rechargeable battery, and

controlling the input current when a rechargeable battery voltage is below a voltage threshold.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the rechargeable battery voltage is controlled when the rechargeable battery voltage is above the voltage threshold.

25. A circuit comprising:

a first power converter circuit comprising an output;

a second power converter circuit comprising an input, an output, and a first control circuit, wherein

the input of the second power converter circuit is coupled to the output of the first power converter circuit and is configured to receive an input signal,

the output of the second power converter circuit is configured to be coupled to a load, and

the second power converter circuit is configured to deliver at the output of the second power converter circuit a first power;

a rechargeable battery node coupled to the output of the first power converter circuit, the rechargeable battery node configured to be coupled to a rechargeable battery; and

a second control circuit coupled to the first control circuit, the second control circuit configured to control charging the rechargeable battery during a charging mode by

detecting a charge state of the rechargeable battery, and

providing a reference signal based on the detected charge state to the first control circuit, wherein the reference signal represents a desired signal level of the input signal, and wherein the first control circuit is configured to limit the input signal based on the reference signal while the first power is positive.

26. The circuit of claim 25, wherein the second control circuit is configured to measure a voltage at the rechargeable battery node and to control an input current when a rechargeable battery voltage is below a voltage threshold and wherein the second control circuit is configured to control the rechargeable battery voltage when the rechargeable battery voltage is above the voltage threshold.

27. The circuit of claim 25, further comprising the rechargeable battery.