Electronic control of the pH of a solution close to an electrode surfaces
First Claim
1. A method for controlling a pH of a solution using two or more electrodes, the method comprising:
- a. measuring an open circuit potential (OCP) of the two or more electrodes in the solution while no current is being applied between the two or more electrodes;
b. determining a first pH of the solution based on the measured OCP of the two or more electrodes in the solution;
c. selecting an amount of current based on the measured OCP; and
d. providing the selected amount of current to the solution, thereby changing the pH of the solution to a second pH different than the first pH by electrochemically generating and/or consuming hydrogen ions,wherein the two or more electrodes comprise a sense electrode and a reference electrode, the sense electrode is configured to also function as a working electrode, and the reference electrode is configured to also function as a counter electrode.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Device and methods for use in a biosensor comprising a multisite array of test sites, the device and methods being useful for modulating the binding interactions between a (biomolecular) probe or detection agent and an analyte of interest by modulating the pH or ionic gradient near the electrodes in such biosensor. An electrochemically active agent that is suitable for use in biological buffers for changing the pH of the biological buffers. Method for changing the pH of biological buffers using the electrochemically active agents. The methods of modulating the binding interactions provided in a biosensor, analytic methods for more accurately controlling and measuring the pH or ionic gradient near the electrodes in such biosensor, and analytic methods for more accurately measuring an analyte of interest in a biological sample.
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Citations
24 Claims
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1. A method for controlling a pH of a solution using two or more electrodes, the method comprising:
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a. measuring an open circuit potential (OCP) of the two or more electrodes in the solution while no current is being applied between the two or more electrodes; b. determining a first pH of the solution based on the measured OCP of the two or more electrodes in the solution; c. selecting an amount of current based on the measured OCP; and d. providing the selected amount of current to the solution, thereby changing the pH of the solution to a second pH different than the first pH by electrochemically generating and/or consuming hydrogen ions, wherein the two or more electrodes comprise a sense electrode and a reference electrode, the sense electrode is configured to also function as a working electrode, and the reference electrode is configured to also function as a counter electrode. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. A method for monitoring pH of a solution using a sense electrode and a reference electrode, wherein the sense electrode is configured to also function as a working electrode and the reference electrode is configured to also function as a counter electrode, the method comprising:
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a. selecting a target open circuit potential (OCP) based on a target pH for the solution; b. characterizing an OCP of the solution between the reference electrode and the sense electrode while no current is being applied to the sense electrode; and c. iteratively performing the following; i. selecting an amount of current to be applied to the sense electrode in order to minimize a difference between the OCP of the solution and the target OCP; ii. applying the selected amount of current to the sense electrode to adjust the OCP of the solution; and iii. measuring the OCP of the solution. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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Specification