Battery protection circuit employing thermistor sensing of charging switch and discharging switch

• US 10,389,148 B2
• Filed: 10/08/2015
• Issued: 08/20/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 04/10/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Samsung SDI Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Samsung SDI Company Limited
• Inventors: Kim, Young-Jun
• Primary Examiner(s): Grant, Robert J
• Assistant Examiner(s): Trischler, John T
• Application Number:
  US14/879,058
• Publication Number:
  US 20160301224A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,412 Days
• Field of Search: 320134
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/425 Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing printed circuits H05K1/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/443 in response to temperature
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/087 for dc applications
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/20 responsive to excess voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 5/042 using temperature dependent resistors
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/18 for batteries; for accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00302 Overcharge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00306 Overdischarge protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00309 Overheat or overtemperature protection
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0031 using battery or load disconnect circuits H02J9/002 takes precedence

Abstract

An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a battery protection circuit including a battery, a fuse, a charging switch including a first body diode that is forward biased in a discharge path direction, a discharging switch including a second body diode that is forward biased in a charge path direction, a thermistor including a first end and a second end, the first end being coupled between the charging switch and the discharging switch, and a controller configured to sense a voltage value from the second end of the thermistor, and configured to control the fuse, the charging switch, and the discharging switch.

Claims

1. A battery protection circuit comprising:

a battery;

a fuse;

a charging switch comprising a first body diode that is forward biased in a discharge path direction;

a discharging switch comprising a second body diode that is forward biased in a charge path direction;

a single thermistor comprising a first end and a second end, the first end being electrically coupled between the charging switch and the discharging switch such that a thermistor resistance of the thermistor changes when a temperature of either of the charging switch and the discharging switch increases;

a controller configured to sense a voltage value from the second end of the thermistor, configured to control the fuse, the charging switch, and the discharging switch, and configured to sense damage to the charging switch or to the discharging switch by voltage sensing; and

a comparative resistor comprising a first end and a second end, the first end being coupled to a reference voltage node, and the second end being coupled to the controller,

wherein the first end of the thermistor comprises a heat-conductive pattern comprising an electrically conductive wire for sensing voltages,

wherein the voltage sensing comprises comparing a voltage sensed through the thermistor and a voltage sensed through the comparative resistor, and wherein the fuse, the battery, the charging switch, and the discharging switch are electrically coupled in series.

2. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to perform a protection function, the protection function comprising:

sensing damage of the charging switch or of the discharging switch by sensing voltage variation corresponding to resistance variation of the thermistor; and

blowing the fuse.

3. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to perform a first protection function, the first protection function comprising:

turning off the discharging switch in an over-discharge prevention mode; and

turning off the charging switch in an overcharge prevention mode.

4. The battery protection circuit of claim 1, wherein a comparative resistor resistance of the comparative resistor is matched with the thermistor resistance of the thermistor.

5. The battery protection circuit of claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to detect that the first protection function is improperly performed by comparing a first voltage sensed through the comparative resistor and a second voltage sensed through the thermistor.

6. The battery protection circuit of claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to:

detect that the first protection function is improperly performed by sensing voltage variation corresponding to resistance variation of the thermistor; and

perform an additional protection function by blowing the fuse.