Single carrier frequency division multiple access baseband signal generation

• US 10,389,568 B1
• Filed: 10/17/2017
• Issued: 08/20/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 05/14/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Genghiscomm Holdings, LLC
• Original Assignee: Genghiscomm Holdings, LLC
• Inventors: Shattil, Steve
• Primary Examiner(s): Lo, Diane L
• Application Number:
  US15/786,270
• Time in Patent Office: 672 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/024 Co-operative use of antennas of several sites, e.g. in co-ordinated multipoint or co-operative multiple-input multiple-output [MIMO] systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/026 Co-operative diversity, e.g. using fixed or mobile stations as relays
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0452 Multi-user MIMO systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0456 Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0617 for beam forming
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0626 Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0697 using spatial multiplexing
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/18506 Communications with or from aircraft, i.e. aeronautical mobile service
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 11/0093 Neighbour cell search
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 13/0003 Code application, i.e. aspects relating to how codes are applied to form multiplexed channels
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 13/004 Orthogonal
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 13/12 Generation of orthogonal codes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/2854 Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2601 Multicarrier modulation systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2602 Signal structure
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/26035 Maintenance of orthogonality, e.g. for signals exchanged between cells or users, or by using covering codes or sequences using different training sequence per antenna H04B7/0684; code allocation H04J13/16
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2614 Peak power aspects
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2636 with FFT or DFT modulators, e.g. standard single-carrier frequency-division multiple access [SC-FDMA] transmitter or DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [DFT-SOFDM]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/0226 Mapping or translating multiple network management protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/24 Multipath
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 47/10 : Flow control; Congestion control
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0007 : the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0021 : in which codes are applied as a frequency-domain sequences, e.g. MC-CDMA
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0023 : Time-frequency-space
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0035 : Resource allocation in a cooperative multipoint environment
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0037 : Inter-user or inter-terminal allocation
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0073 : Allocation arrangements that take into account other cell interferences for intercell interference mitigation or co-ordination in orthogonal multiplex systems H04J11/005
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/42 : in systems with time, space, frequency or polarisation diversity
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/046 : the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 72/21 : in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 : Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/02 : Terminal devices

Abstract

Applications of CI processing to ad-hoc and peer-to-peer networking significantly improve throughput, network capacity, range, power efficiency, and spectral efficiency. CI-based subscriber units perform network-control functions to optimize network performance relative to channel conditions, network loads, and subscriber services. CI codes are used to identify and address network transmissions. Channel characteristics of communication links are employed to encode, address, and authenticate network transmissions. CI transceivers used as relays and routers employ unique characteristics of transmission paths to code and decode network transmissions. A central processor is adapted to perform array processing with signals received from, and transmitted by, a plurality of subscriber units in a wireless network.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

dividing a block of complex-valued symbols into a plurality of sets of complex-valued symbols;

transform precoding each of the plurality of sets of complex-valued symbols into a block of transform-precoded complex-valued symbols; and

generating an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) signal comprising a plurality of OFDM subcarriers modulated by the transform-precoded complex-valued symbols, wherein the transform precoding generates a plurality of orthogonal spreading codes to provide a superposition of the plurality of OFDM subcarriers with a reduced peak-to-average-power ratio.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the transform precoding spreads the block of complex-valued symbols with a plurality of orthogonal spreading codes comprising complex-valued coefficients of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to produce the block of transform-precoded complex-valued symbols.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the DFT is a fast Fourier transform (FFT).

4. The method of claim 2, wherein:

M_sc^PUSCH=M_RB^PUSCH*N_sc^RB;

M_RB^PUSCH is a scheduled bandwidth for uplink transmission expressed as a number of resource blocks; and

N_sc^RB is a resource block size in the frequency domain expressed as a number of subcarriers.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein:

M_RB^PUSCH≤

N_RB^UL; and

N_RB^UL is an uplink bandwidth configuration expressed in multiples of N_sc^RB.

6. The method of claim 1, comprising:

mapping the block of transform-precoded complex-valued symbols to physical resource blocks assigned for transmission of a physical uplink shared channel.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the mapping is responsive to an assignment of spectrum resources for selecting a plurality of OFDM subcarriers corresponding to at least one OFDM symbol interval.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein at least one of the transform precoding and the mapping is configured to weight each of the plurality of OFDM subcarriers with an amplitude scaling factor to adjust gain of the superposition.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein the mapping is configured to select the plurality of OFDM subcarriers according to at least one of a frequency division multiple access scheme, a time division multiple access scheme, a space division multiple access scheme, a code division multiple access scheme, and a frequency-hoping scheme.

10. The method of claim 1, comprising:

scrambling a block of bits of one subframe of a physical uplink shared channel resulting in a block of scrambled bits; and

modulating the block of scrambled bits resulting in the block of complex-valued symbols.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the scrambling is configured to scramble the block of bits into a block of scrambled bits with at least one pseudo-noise code.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the transform precoding is applied according to

13. The method of claim 12, wherein:

the transform precoding spreads the block of complex-valued symbols with a plurality of orthogonal spreading codes comprising complex-valued coefficients of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to produce the block of transform precoded complex-valued symbols; and

M_sc^PUSCH is a length of the DFT corresponding to the plurality of orthogonal spreading codes.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein:

each transform-precoded set of complex-valued symbols of the block of transform-precoded complex-valued symbols is a single-carrier frequency division multiple access symbol; and

said each transform precoded set of complex-valued symbols is processed by the DFT.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein:

the block of transform-precoded complex-valued symbols comprises carrier interferometry symbol values (w_n); and

the block of complex-valued symbols comprises data symbols (s_n).

16. The method of claim 15, wherein carrier interferometry code chip values are arranged with respect to a plurality of phase spaces.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the plurality of phase spaces comprises orthogonal phase spaces.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein each of the data symbol values is impressed upon one of the plurality of phase spaces.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein the number of carrier interferometry symbol values is different than the number of data symbols.

20. The method of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of sets of complex-valued symbols is a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbol.

21. The method of claim 1, comprising generating a time-continuous signal defined by:

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the time-continuous signal is generated in a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbol.

23. The method of claim 1, wherein the transform precoding generates a plurality of quasi-orthogonal complex-valued spreading codes to provide a superposition of the plurality of OFDM subcarriers with a reduced peak-to-average-power ratio.

24. An apparatus, comprising:

a processor; and

a non-transitory computer-readable memory communicatively coupled to the processor, the memory including a set of instructions stored thereon and executable by the processor for;

dividing a block of complex-valued symbols into a plurality of sets of complex-valued symbols;

transform precoding each of the plurality of sets of complex-valued symbols into a block of transform precoded complex-valued symbols; and

generating an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) signal comprising a plurality of OFDM subcarriers modulated with the transform-precoded complex-valued symbols, wherein the transform precoding generates a plurality of orthogonal spreading codes to provide a superposition of the plurality of OFDM subcarriers with a reduced peak-to-average-power ratio.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the transform precoding spreads the block of complex-valued symbols with a plurality of orthogonal spreading codes comprising complex-valued coefficients of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to produce the block of transform-precoded complex-valued symbols.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the DFT is a fast Fourier transform (FFT).

27. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein:

M_sc^PUSCH=M_RB^PUSCH*N_sc^RB;

M_RB^PUSCH is a scheduled bandwidth for uplink transmission expressed as a number of resource blocks; and

N_sc^RB is a resource block size in the frequency domain expressed as a number of subcarriers.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein:

M_RB^PUSCH≤

N_RB^UL; and

N_RB^UL is an uplink bandwidth configuration expressed in multiples of N_sc^RB.

29. The apparatus of claim 24, comprising instructions for:

mapping the block of transform-precoded complex-valued symbols to physical resource blocks assigned for transmission of a physical uplink shared channel.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the mapping is responsive to an assignment of spectrum resources for selecting a plurality of OFDM subcarriers corresponding to at least one OFDM symbol interval.

31. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein at least one of the transform precoding and the mapping is configured to weight each of the plurality of OFDM subcarriers with an amplitude scaling factor to adjust gain of the superposition.

32. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the mapping is configured to select the plurality of OFDM subcarriers according to at least one of a frequency division multiple access scheme, a time division multiple access scheme, a space division multiple access scheme, a code division multiple access scheme, and a frequency-hoping scheme.

33. The apparatus of claim 24, comprising instructions for:

scrambling a block of bits of one subframe of a physical uplink shared channel resulting in a block of scrambled bits; and

modulating the block of scrambled bits resulting in the block of complex-valued symbols.

34. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein the scrambling is configured to scramble the block of bits into a block of scrambled bits with at least one pseudo-noise code.

35. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the transform precoding is applied according to

36. The apparatus of claim 35, wherein:

the transform precoding spreads the block of complex-valued symbols with a plurality of orthogonal spreading codes comprising complex-valued coefficients of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to produce the block of transform precoded complex-valued symbols; and

M_sc^PUSCH is a length of the DFT corresponding to the plurality of orthogonal spreading codes.

37. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein:

each transform-precoded set of complex-valued symbols of the block of transform-precoded complex-valued symbols is a single-carrier frequency division multiple access symbol; and

said each transform precoded set of complex-valued symbols is processed by the DFT.

38. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein the time-continuous signal is generated in a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbol.

39. The method of claim 35, wherein:

the block of transform-precoded complex-valued symbols comprises carrier interferometry symbol values (w_n); and

the block of complex-valued symbols comprises data symbols (s_n).

40. The method of claim 39, wherein carrier interferometry code chip values are arranged with respect to a plurality of phase spaces.

41. The method of claim 40, wherein the plurality of phase spaces comprises orthogonal phase spaces.

42. The method of claim 39, wherein the number of carrier interferometry symbol values is different than the number of data symbols.

43. The method of claim 40, wherein each of the data symbol values is impressed upon one of the plurality of phase spaces.

44. The method of claim 24, wherein each of the plurality of sets of complex-valued symbols is a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbol.

45. The method of claim 24, comprising generating a time-continuous signal defined by:

46. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the transform precoding generates a plurality of quasi-orthogonal complex-valued spreading codes to provide a superposition of the plurality of OFDM subcarriers with a reduced peak-to-average-power ratio.

47. A computer program product, comprising a non-transitory computer readable hardware storage device having computer readable program code stored therein, said program code containing instructions executable by one or more processors of a computer system to implement a method comprising:

dividing a block of complex-valued symbols into a plurality of sets of complex-valued symbols; and

transform precoding each of the plurality of sets of complex-valued symbols into a block of transform precoded complex-valued symbols; and

generating an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) signal comprising a plurality of OFDM subcarriers modulated with the transform-precoded complex-valued symbols, wherein the transform precoding generates a plurality of orthogonal spreading codes to provide a superposition of the plurality of OFDM subcarriers with a reduced peak-to-average-power ratio.