Beam shaping antenna for laminated glass

• US 10,396,428 B2
• Filed: 05/03/2017
• Issued: 08/27/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 05/03/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: AGC Automotive Americas Co. (AGC, Inc.), Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Palo Alto Research Center, Inc. (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: Daniel, George, Volkel, Armin R., Casse, Bernard D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Phan, Tho G
• Application Number:
  US15/585,969
• Publication Number:
  US 20180323492A1
• Time in Patent Office: 846 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/1271 for mounting on windscreens
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/38 formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support patch antennas H01Q9/0407; microstrip dipole antennas H01Q9/065; microstrip slot antennas H01Q13/106; transmission line microstrip antennas H01Q13/206; manufacturing reflecting surfaces using insulating material for supporting the reflecting surface H01Q15/142
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 15/0086 said selective devices having materials with a synthesized negative refractive index, e.g. metamaterials or left-handed materials
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/062 using dipole aerials; H01Q21/067, H01Q21/068 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/29 Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic H01Q25/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/446 the radiating element being at the centre of one or more rings of auxiliary elements
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 9/285 Planar dipole H01Q9/065 takes precedence; patch antenna H01Q9/0407

Abstract

An apparatus including an antenna, a first split ring resonator, and a second split ring resonator disclosed. The first split ring resonator located on a first side of the antenna, wherein the first split ring resonator is magnetically coupled to the antenna. The second split ring resonator located on a second side of the antenna, wherein the second split ring resonator is magnetically coupled to the antenna.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

an antenna;

a first split ring resonator located on a first side of the antenna, wherein the first split ring resonator is magnetically coupled to the antenna, and wherein the first split ring resonator further comprises a first resonating element coplanar to the antenna and a second resonating element located above the first resonating element; and

a second split ring resonator located on a second side of the antenna, wherein the second split ring resonator is magnetically coupled to the antenna, and wherein the second split ring resonator further comprises a third resonating element coplanar to the antenna and a fourth resonating element located above the third resonating element.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first split ring resonator and the second split ring resonator shape a transmission beam radiated from the apparatus.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the antenna further comprises:

a first antenna element; and

a second antenna element coupled to the first antenna element.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the first resonating element is magnetically coupled to the antenna;

the second resonating element is magnetically coupled to the first resonating element;

the third resonating element is magnetically coupled to the antenna; and

the fourth resonating element is magnetically coupled to the third resonating element.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:

a first transparent layer with a first side and a second side, wherein;

the first side of the first transparent layer is connected to the antenna, the first resonating element, and the third resonating element; and

the second side of the first transparent layer is connected to the second resonating element and the fourth resonating element; and

a second transparent layer connected to the second resonating element and the fourth resonating element.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising an interlayer connected to the second transparent layer, wherein the interlayer absorbs or reflects a portion of a light spectrum.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a transparent layer with a first side and a second side, wherein:

the antenna is connected to the first side;

the first resonating element is connected to the first side;

the second resonating element is connected to the second side;

the third resonating element is connected to the first side; and

the fourth resonating element is connected to the second side.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the transparent layer comprises at least one of a glass material, a plastic material, a polymethyl methacrylate material, or a acrylic material.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

a first gap separates the first resonating element and antenna; and

a second gap separates the second resonating element and antenna.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

a first gap separates a first end of the first resonating element and a second end of the first resonating element; and

a second gap separates a first end of the second resonating element and a second end of the second resonating element.

11. An apparatus comprising:

a radio frequency (RF) feed;

an antenna structure coupled to the RF feed, wherein the antenna structure comprises;

a dipole antenna comprising;

a first antenna element; and

a second antenna element coupled to the first antenna element;

a first split ring resonator, the first split ring resonator comprising;

a first resonating element coplanar to the dipole antenna, the first resonating element magnetically coupled to the dipole antenna; and

a second resonating element located above the first resonating element, the second resonating element magnetically coupled to the first resonating element; and

a second split ring resonator magnetically coupled to the dipole antenna, the second split ring resonator comprising;

a third resonating element coplanar to the dipole antenna, the third resonating element magnetically coupled to the dipole antenna; and

a fourth resonating element located above the third resonating element, the fourth resonating element magnetically coupled to the third resonating element.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein:

the first resonating element is a first C-shaped structure;

the second resonating element is a second C-shaped structure;

the third resonating element is a third C-shaped structure; and

the fourth resonating element is a fourth C-shaped structure.

13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the first antenna element, the second antenna element, the first resonating element, and the third resonating element are coplanar.

14. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising a feed point connected to the dipole antenna.

15. An apparatus comprising:

a first transparent layer;

a second transparent layer;

an antenna connected to a first side of the first transparent layer, the antenna to transmit a signal with a radiation pattern;

a first split ring resonator magnetically coupled to the antenna, wherein a first portion of the first split ring resonator is connected to the first transparent layer and a second portion of the first split resonator is connected to the second transparent layer; and

a second split ring resonator magnetically coupled to the antenna, wherein a first portion of the second split ring resonator is connected to the first transparent layer and a second portion of the second split resonator is connected to the second transparent layer, wherein the first split ring resonator and the second split ring resonator are to shape the radiation pattern of the signal to transmit at a defined angle.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein:

the first portion of the first split ring resonator is a first resonating element;

the second portion of the first split ring resonator is a second resonating element;

the first portion of the second split ring resonator is a third resonating element; and

the second portion of the second split ring resonator is a fourth resonating element.

17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the antenna comprises a first dipole antenna element and a second dipole antenna element that are bilaterally symmetrical.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the second resonating element and the fourth resonating element are laminated between the first transparent layer and the second transparent layer.

19. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the apparatus is a window of a vehicle, a window of a building, a window in an aircraft, or a visor in a helmet and the defined angle is approximately a 45 degree angle relative to an angle of the window.