System and method for communicating using orbital angular momentum with multiple layer overlay modulation

• US 10,411,804 B2
• Filed: 01/02/2018
• Issued: 09/10/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 04/04/2014
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nxgen Partners Ip, LLC (NxGen Partners LLC)
• Original Assignee: Nxgen Partners Ip, LLC (NxGen Partners LLC)
• Inventors: Ashrafi, Solyman, Linquist, Roger, Ashrafi, Nima
• Primary Examiner(s): Okeke, Izunna
• Application Number:
  US15/859,809
• Publication Number:
  US 20180145753A1
• Time in Patent Office: 616 Days
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/11 Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/2575 Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/2581 Multimode transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/50 Transmitters
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/5161 Combination of different modulation schemes
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/532 Polarisation modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/541 Digital intensity or amplitude modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/00 Optical multiplex systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/06 Polarisation multiplex systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/0335 characterised by the type of transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/0342 QAM
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03006 Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03343 Arrangements at the transmitter end
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/3405 Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/362 Modulation using more than one carrier, e.g. with quadrature carriers, separately amplitude modulated H04L27/366 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/366 Arrangements for compensating undesirable properties of the transmission path between the modulator and the demodulator
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/06 for supporting key management in a packet data network cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for key management H04L9/08
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/0858 Details about key distillation or coding, e.g. reconciliation, error correction, privacy amplification, polarisation coding or phase coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/3093 involving Lattices or polynomial equations, e.g. NTRU scheme
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/041 Key generation or derivation
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/0431 : Key distribution or pre-distribution; Key agreement

Abstract

A communications system comprises first circuitry for receiving and processing a plurality of data streams to associate with each of the plurality of data streams an orthogonal function to cause each of the plurality of data streams to be mutually orthogonal to each other on a link to enable transmission of each of the plurality of data streams on the link at a same time. First quantum key processing circuit generates a secret key for transmissions to second circuitry over the link using a quantum key generation process based on E91 protocol. The first quantum key processing circuit further encoding the plurality of data streams for transmission on the link using the generated secret key based on the E91 protocol. Third circuitry transmits the encoded plurality of data streams on the link.

Claims

1. A communications system, comprising:

first circuitry for receiving a plurality of data streams and processing the plurality of data streams to associate with each of the plurality of data streams an orthogonal function to cause each of the plurality of data streams to be mutually orthogonal to each other on a link to enable transmission of each of the plurality of data streams on the link at a same time;

first quantum key processing circuitry for generating a secret key for transmissions to second circuitry over the link using a quantum key generation process based on E91 protocol and for encoding the plurality of data streams for transmission on the link using the generated secret key based on the E91 protocol;

third circuitry for transmitting the encoded plurality of data streams on the link;

a signal separator for receiving the plurality of encoded data streams on the link and separating each of the plurality of data streams having the orthogonal function applied thereto from each other;

second quantum key processing circuitry for decoding the plurality of data streams received on the link using the generated secret key based on the E91 protocol;

fourth circuitry for removing the orthogonal function applied thereto from each of the plurality of data streams; and

fifth circuitry for demodulating the plurality of data streams into the plurality of received data streams.

2. The communications system of claim 1, wherein the link further comprises a fiber optic link.

3. The communications system of claim 1, wherein the link further comprises a free space optics link.

4. The communications system of claim 1, wherein the link further comprises an RF link.

5. The communications system of claim 1, wherein the orthogonal function comprises at least one of modified Hermite polynomials, Jacobi polynomials, Gegenbauer polynomials, Legendre polynomials, Chebyshev polynomials and Laguerre functions.

6. The communications system of claim 1, wherein the first quantum key processing circuitry generates the secret key using entangled pairs of protons.

7. The communications system of claim 1, wherein the first quantum key processing circuitry provides one photon from each of an entangled pair of protons to the first quantum key processing circuitry and the second quantum key processing circuitry.

8. The communications system of claim 7, wherein the first and second quantum key processing circuitry measure a polarization of received signals to determine if the polarization is horizontal or vertical.

9. The communications system of claim 1, wherein the first quantum key processing circuitry tests Bell inequality violations to detect eavesdropping on the link.

10. The communications system of claim 1, wherein the first quantum key processing circuitry uses cloud based quantum key distribution processes for generating the secret key.

11. A method for communication between first signal processing circuitry and second signal processing circuitry over a link, comprising:

receiving a plurality of data streams at the first signal processing circuitry;

processing, at the first signal processing circuitry, the plurality of data streams to associate with each of the plurality of data streams an orthogonal function to cause each of the plurality of data streams to be mutually orthogonal to each other on the link to enable transmission of each of the plurality of data streams on the link at a same time;

generating a secret key for transmissions to second circuitry over the link using a quantum key generation process based on E91 protocol between the first signal processing circuitry and the second signal processing circuitry;

encoding the plurality of data streams for transmission on the link using the generated secret key based on the E91 protocol; and

transmitting the encoded plurality of data streams on the link from the first signal processing circuitry; and

receiving the plurality of encoded data streams on the link;

separating each of the plurality of data streams having the orthogonal function applied thereto from each other;

decoding the plurality of data streams received on the link using the generated secret key based on the E91 protocol;

removing the orthogonal function applied thereto from each of the plurality of data streams; and

demodulating the plurality of data streams into the plurality of received data streams.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the link further comprises a fiber optic link.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the link further comprises a free space optics link.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the link further comprises an RF link.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein the orthogonal function comprises at least one of a modified Hermite polynomials, Jacobi polynomials, Gegenbauer polynomials, Legendre polynomials, Chebyshev polynomials and Laguerre functions.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of generating further comprises generating the secret key using entangled pairs of protons.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of generating further comprises providing one photon from each of an entangled pairs of protons to transmitter quantum key processing circuitry and receiver quantum key processing circuitry.

18. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of decoding further comprises measuring a polarization of received signals to determine if the polarization is horizontal or vertical.

19. The method of claim 11 further comprising testing for Bell inequality violations to detect eavesdropping on the link.

20. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of generating further comprises generating the secret key using cloud based quantum key distribution processes.

21. A communications system, comprising:

first circuitry for receiving a plurality of data streams and processing the plurality of data streams to associate with each of the plurality of data streams an orthogonal function to cause each of the plurality of data streams to be mutually orthogonal to each other on a link to enable transmission of each of the plurality of data streams on the link at a same time, wherein the orthogonal function comprises at least one of modified Hermite polynomials, Jacobi polynomials, Gegenbauer polynomials, Legendre polynomials, Chebyshev polynomials and Laguerre functions;

first quantum key processing circuitry for generating a secret key for transmissions to second circuitry over the link using a quantum key generation process based on E91 protocol and for encoding the plurality of data streams for transmission on the link using the generated secret key based on the E91 protocol; and

third circuitry for transmitting the encoded plurality of data streams on the link.