Radiative transfer and power control with fractal metamaterial and plasmonics

• US 10,415,896 B2
• Filed: 06/08/2017
• Issued: 09/17/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 10/01/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Fractal Antenna Systems Inc.
• Original Assignee: Fractal Antenna Systems Inc.
• Inventors: Cohen, Nathan
• Primary Examiner(s): Jackson, Stephen W
• Application Number:
  US15/617,683
• Publication Number:
  US 20170276438A1
• Time in Patent Office: 831 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 2245/06 having particular radiating, reflecting or absorbing features, e.g. for improving heat transfer by radiation
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 7/00 Elements not covered by group F28F1/00, F28F3/00 or F28F5/00
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 3/00 Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise for vessels B63G8/34, B63G13/02 ; sound camouflage, i.e. simulating gun fire noise, F41A33/04; dummy or decoy targets F41J; chaff per se F41J2/00; ammunition for dispensing chaff F42B5/15, F42B12/70; radar absorbing fabrics H01Q17/005
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 1/002 made of materials engineered to provide properties not available in nature, e.g. metamaterials
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/008 Surface plasmon devices diffractive gratings with a pitch less than or comparable to the wavelength G02B5/1809; surface plasmons in integrated optics G02B6/1226; optical analysis of materials by means of surface plasmons G01N21/553
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 17/008 with a particular shape H01Q17/007 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type

Abstract

Systems according to the present disclosure provide one or more surfaces that function as heat or power radiating surfaces for which at least a portion of the radiating surface includes or is composed of “fractal cells” placed sufficiently closed close together to one another so that a surface (plasmonic) wave causes near replication of current present in one fractal cell in an adjacent fractal cell. A fractal of such a fractal cell can be of any suitable fractal shape and may have two or more iterations. The fractal cells may lie on a flat or curved sheet or layer and be composed in layers for wide bandwidth or multibandwidth transmission. The area of a surface and its number of fractals determines the gain relative to a single fractal cell. The boundary edges of the surface may be terminated resistively so as to not degrade the cell performance at the edges.

Claims

1. A visible light transfer system comprising:

one or more electrical resonator belts, each belt including a substrate having first and second surfaces and a fractal plasmonic surface (FPS) including a close-packed arrangement of electrically conductive material formed on the first surface, wherein the closed-packed arrangement comprises a plurality of self-similar fractal electrical resonator shapes and is configured to operate at a desired passband of visible light electromagnetic radiation; and

wherein the visible light transfer system is configured and arranged so that radiation received by the system at a first location on each FPS is transferred to a second location on the FPS.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein said passband is about 2:

1.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein said passband is about 3:

1.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more electrical resonator belts comprise two belts.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the fractal electrical resonator shapes of the FPS of the first belt are different than the fractal electrical resonator shapes of the FPS of the second belt.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more resonator belts comprise three resonator belts.

7. A heat transfer system comprising:

one or more electrical resonator belts, each belt including a substrate having first and second surfaces and a fractal plasmonic surface (FPS) including a close-packed arrangement of electrically conductive material formed on the first surface, wherein the closed-packed arrangement comprises a plurality of self-similar fractal electrical resonator shapes and is configured to operate at a desired passband of electromagnetic radiation; and

wherein the radiation transfer system is configured and arranged so that heat energy received by the system at a first location on each FPS is transferred to a second location on the FPS.

8. The heat transfer system of claim 7, wherein the substrate comprises polyimide.

9. The heat transfer system of claim 7, wherein the FPS is operational over an infrared range.

10. The heat transfer system of claim 7, wherein the one or more electrical resonator belts comprise two belts.

11. The heat transfer system of claim 9, wherein the fractal electrical resonator shapes of the FPS of the first belt are different than the fractal electrical resonator shapes of the FPS of the second belt.

12. A cooling system, comprising:

one or more electrical resonator shells, each shell including a substrate having first and second surfaces and a fractal plasmonic surface (FPS) including a close-packed arrangement of electrically conductive material formed on the first surface, wherein the closed-packed arrangement comprises a plurality of self-similar fractal electrical resonator shapes and is configured to operate at a desired passband of infrared electromagnetic radiation; and

wherein the radiation transfer system is configured and arranged so that infrared energy received by the system at a first location on each FPS is transferred to a second location on the FPS, wherein the first location is closer to hot object than is the second location, and second location is closer to a cooler object than is the first location.

13. The cooling system of claim 12, wherein a FPS is coupled between the hot object and the colder object and is operative to transfer heat from the hot object to the colder object, cooling the hot object in the process.

14. A heating system, comprising:

one or more electrical resonator shells, each shell including a substrate having first and second surfaces and a fractal plasmonic surface (FPS) including a close-packed arrangement of electrically conductive material formed on the first surface, wherein the closed-packed arrangement comprises a plurality of self-similar fractal electrical resonator shapes and is configured to operate at a desired passband of infrared electromagnetic radiation; and

wherein the radiation transfer system is configured and arranged so that infrared energy received by the system at a first location on each FPS is transferred to a second location on the FPS, wherein the first location is closer to a hot object than is the second location, and second location is closer to a colder object than is the first location.

15. The heating system of claim 14, wherein a FPS is coupled between the hot object and the colder object and is operative to transfer heat from the hot object to the colder object, heating the cooler object in the process.