Coordinated control method for a distribution network with DER and EV and control system thereof

• US 10,421,370 B2
• Filed: 01/15/2013
• Issued: 09/24/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 01/15/2013
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: ABB Schweiz AG (ABB Limited)
• Original Assignee: ABB Schweiz AG (ABB Limited)
• Inventors: Wang, Zhao, Chen, Yao, De La Parra, Hector Zelaya
• Primary Examiner(s): Holwerda, Stephen
• Application Number:
  US14/648,718
• Publication Number:
  US 20150314696A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,443 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00002 characterised by monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00034 the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2300/20 The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/10 The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/48 for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/004 Generation forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future energy generation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/381 Dispersed generators
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/46 Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/48 Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/50 Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00 Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/30 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/221 : General power management systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 : Remote or cooperative charging

Abstract

A coordinated control method for a distribution network with DER and EV and coordinated control system thereof includes acquiring information from at least one DER controller, at least one EV controller and/or at least one load controller; calculating P/Q references and/or circuit breaker control commands for the DER, the EV and the load based on active/reactive power balance, voltage and/or frequency requirement; allocating the references and/or the control commands to the DER, the EV and the load based on their locations and available capacity; and outputting the allocated references and/or control commands to the DER, the EV and the load. The solutions minimize negative impacts from DER and EVs and maintain a controllable voltage and frequency stabilization.

Claims

1. A coordinated control method for a distribution network with distributed energy resource (DER) and electric vehicle (EV) and a plurality of transformers, wherein said coordinated control method comprises:

acquiring information from a DER controller, an EV controller and a load controller structured to control a load;

as a result of the acquiring information, calculating total active/reactive power (P/Q) references and circuit breaker control commands for said DER, said EV and said load based on active/reactive power balance, voltage and frequency requirement;

allocating said references and said control commands to said DER, said EV and said load based on their locations and available capacity; and

outputting the allocated references and the control commands to said DER, said EV and said load;

wherein at least one of said calculating active/reactive power (P/Q) references, or circuit breaker control commands further comprises;

calculating said transformers permissible overloading capacities based on condition indicators; and

calculating P/Q constrains for a point of common coupling (PCC) of said distribution network, said DER, said EV and said load in which said P/Q constrains include both maximum constrains and minimum constrains based on at least one of;

said transformers permissible overloading capacities, a given range of P/Q exchange between said distribution network and said main grid, or forecast results.

2. The coordinated control method according to claim 1, wherein said information includes voltages, currents, condition indicators, forecast results, status of circuit breakers and acceptable voltage levels, in which said voltages are used to calculate the actual frequency;

said voltages and said currents are used to calculate an actual P/Q;

said condition indicators include transformer condition monitoring data for a first transformer of the plurality of transformers for at least one of said distribution network, said DER, said EV or said load;

said forecast results include at least one of a DER generation capacity, an EV charging/discharging capacity or a loading level; and

said status of circuit breakers include “

on/off”

status.

3. The coordinated control method according to claim 1, wherein said acquiring information step further comprises:

acquiring main grid references from a distribution management system (DMS), in which said main grid references comprise a given range of voltage level of the point of common coupling (PCC) of said distribution network and the given range of P/Q exchange between said distribution network and said main grid.

4. The coordinated control method according to claim 3, wherein said coordinated control method further comprises:

feeding back the distribution network information to said DMS, in which said distribution network information includes the total active/reactive power consumption of said distribution network, the voltage level of the point of common coupling (PCC) of said distribution network and a status of circuit breaker which connects said distribution network to said main grid.

5. The coordinated control method according to claim 4, wherein said circuit breaker is composed of a single circuit breaker or a number of parallel circuit breakers.

6. The coordinated control method according to claim 1, wherein said coordinated control method further comprises:

identifying whether said calculated actual P/Q satisfy the P/Q constrains; and

if not, calculating at least one of incremental P/Q references, or the circuit breaker control commands for at least one of said DER, said EV or said load.

7. The coordinated control method according to claim 1, wherein said coordinated control method further comprises:

identifying whether an actual frequency satisfies a preset frequency range; and

if not, calculating at least one of incremental P references, or the circuit breaker control commands for at least one of said DER, said EV or said load.

8. The coordinated control method according to claim 1, wherein said coordinated control method further comprises:

identifying whether actual voltages satisfy the acceptable voltage levels; and

if not, calculating at least one of incremental Q references, or the circuit breaker control commands for at least one of said DER, said EV or said load.

9. The coordinated control method according to claim 6, said total P/Q references for at least one of said DER, said EV or said load, are updated by adding up said incremental P/Q references.

10. The coordinated control method according to claim 6, wherein at least one of said calculating incremental P/Q references, or the circuit breaker commands for at least one of said DER, said EV or said load further comprises:

if at least one of said actual P of PCC of said distribution network is higher than said P maximum constrain of said distribution network, or said actual frequency of said distribution network is lower than said preset frequency range, then at least one of said incremental P reference, or the circuit breaker control commands of said DER increase the power generation based on the forecast results and P constrains of said DER;

if at least one of the P/Q constrains still not satisfied or said actual P of said DER reaches said P constrain of said DER, then at least one of said incremental P reference, or said circuit breaker control commands of said EV perform at least one of decrease charging power, or increase discharging power based on the forecast results and P constrains of said EV; and

if at least one of the P/Q constrains still not satisfied or said actual P of said EV reaches said P constrain of said EV, then at least one of said incremental P reference or said circuit breaker control commands of said load decrease loading level based on the forecast results and P constrains of said load.

11. The coordinated control method according to claim 6, wherein at least one of said calculating incremental P/Q references or said circuit breaker control commands for at least one of said DER, said EV or said load further comprises:

if at least one of said actual P of PCC of said distribution network is lower than said P minimum constrain of said distribution network, or said actual frequency of said distribution network is higher than said preset frequency range, then at least one of said incremental P reference or said circuit breaker control commands of said load increases the loading level based on said forecast results and P constrains of said load;

if at least one of the P/Q constrains still not satisfied or said actual P of said load reaches said P constrains of said load, then at least one of said incremental P reference or circuit breaker commands of said EV perform at least one of increase charging power, or decrease discharging power based on the forecast results and P constrains of said EV; and

if at least one of the P/Q constrains still not satisfied or said actual P of said EV reaches said P constrain of said EV, then said at least one of incremental P reference or said circuit breaker control commands of said DER decrease the power generation based on the forecast results and P constrains of said DER.

12. The coordinated control method according to claim 6, wherein at least one of said calculating incremental P/Q references or said circuit breaker control commands for at least one of said DER, said EV or said load further comprises:

if at least one of said actual Q of PCC of said distribution network is higher than said Q constrain of said distribution network, or said actual voltages inside said distribution network are lower than said acceptable voltage levels, then at least one of said incremental Q reference of said circuit breaker control commands of said EV at least one of decrease inductive Q or increase capacitive Q based on said Q constrains of said EV;

if at least one of the P/Q constrains still not satisfied or said actual Q reaches said Q constrain of said EV, then at least one of said incremental Q reference or said circuit breaker control commands of said DER perform at least one of decrease inductive Q or increase capacitive Q based on said Q constrains of said DER; and

if the P/Q constrains still not satisfied or said actual Q reaches said Q constrain of said DER, then at least one of said incremental Q reference or said circuit breaker control commands of said load perform at least one of decrease inductive Q or increase capacitive Q based on said Q constrains of said load.

13. The coordinated control method according to claim 6, wherein at least one of said calculating incremental P/Q references or said circuit breaker control commands for at least one of said DER, said EV or said load further comprises:

if at least one of said actual Q of PCC of said distribution network is lower than said Q constrain of said distribution network, or said actual voltages inside said distribution network are higher than said acceptable voltage levels, then at least one of said incremental Q reference or said circuit breaker control commands of said EV perform at least one of increase inductive Q, or decrease capacitive Q based on said Q constrains of said EV;

if at least one of the P/Q constrains still not satisfied or said actual Q reaches said Q constrain of said EV, then at least one of said incremental Q reference or said circuit breaker control commands of said DER perform at least one of increase inductive Q, or decrease capacitive Q based on said Q constrains of said DER; and

if at least one of the P/Q constrains still not satisfied or said actual Q reaches said Q constrain of said DER, then at least one of said incremental Q reference or said circuit breaker control commands of said load perform at least one of reduce inductive Q, or decrease capacitive Q based on said Q constrains of said load.

14. The coordinated control method according to claim 1, wherein said P/Q constrains include both maximum constrains and minimum constrains based on at least one of:

said transformers permissible overloading capacities or a range of P/Q exchange between said distribution network and said main grid.