Blood rinseback system and method

• US 10,426,882 B2
• Filed: 02/04/2019
• Issued: 10/01/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 12/16/2003
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Baxter Healthcare SA (Baxter International Inc.), Baxter International Inc.
• Original Assignee: Baxter International Inc.
• Inventors: Kelly, Thomas D., El Sayyid, Waleed M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Deak, Leslie R
• Application Number:
  US16/266,924
• Publication Number:
  US 20190167884A1
• Time in Patent Office: 239 Days
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1601 Control or regulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1635 with volume chamber balancing devices between used and fresh dialysis fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1672 using membrane filters, e.g. for sterilising the dialysate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/30 Single needle dialysis ; Reciprocating systems, alternately withdrawing blood from and returning it to the patient, e.g. single-lumen-needle dialysis or single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/34 Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3403 Regulation parameters
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/341 by measuring the filtrate rate or volume
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3413 Diafiltration
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3434 with pre-dilution and post-dilution
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3437 downstream of the filter, e.g. post-dilution with filtrate
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3462 Circuits for the preparation thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3643 Priming, rinsing before or after use
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3644 Mode of operation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3647 with recirculation of the priming solution
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3649 using dialysate as priming or rinsing liquid
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3303 Using a biosensor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3306 Optical measuring means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/50 with microprocessors or computers
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/7518 bacterial

Abstract

A hemodialysis system is provided and includes a dialyzer, a dialysis fluid circuit in fluid communication with the dialyzer, a blood circuit, a blood detector and a blood rinseback scheme, wherein the blood rinseback scheme includes transferring blood to the patient using a physiologically acceptable fluid, wherein the physiologically acceptable fluid is introduced from its source into an arterial line between an arterial line patient end and a blood pump of the blood circuit, and flowed through the dialyzer, through a venous drip chamber and to the blood detector along a venous line of the blood circuit, where the physiologically acceptable fluid is sensed by the blood detector to indicate an end of the blood rinseback.

Claims

1. A hemodialysis system configured to return blood to a patient, the hemodialysis system comprising:

a dialyzer;

a dialysis fluid circuit in fluid communication with the dialyzer via dialysis fluid inlet and outlet lines, the dialysis fluid circuit including

a fresh dialysis fluid pump,

a used dialysis fluid pump,

a first balancing unit including (i) a first fresh dialysis fluid chamber operable with the fresh dialysis fluid pump and (ii) a first used dialysis fluid chamber operable with the used dialysis fluid pump, and

a second balancing unit including (i) a second fresh dialysis fluid chamber operable with the fresh dialysis fluid pump and (ii) a second used dialysis fluid chamber operable with the used dialysis fluid pump;

a blood circuit in fluid communication with the dialyzer and including

an arterial line for removing blood from a patient and delivering the blood to the dialyzer,

a venous line for returning blood from the dialyzer to the patient,

a blood pump operable with the arterial line upstream of the dialyzer,

a medical fluid source in fluid communication with the arterial line between a patient end of the arterial line and the blood pump,

a drip chamber located along the venous line;

a blood detector operable with the venous line; and

a blood rinseback scheme wherein, with the dialysis fluid inlet and outlet lines connected to the dialyzer, blood is pushed to the patient via the medical fluid being introduced from its source into the arterial line between the arterial line patient end and the blood pump, and flowed through the dialyzer, through the venous drip chamber and to the blood detector along the venous line, where the medical fluid is sensed by the blood detector to indicate an end of the blood rinseback.

2. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein (i) the first fresh dialysis fluid chamber is located between the fresh dialysis fluid pump and the dialysis fluid inlet line to the dialyzer, (ii) the used dialysis fluid pump is located between the first used dialysis fluid chamber and the dialysis fluid outlet line from the dialyzer, (iii) the second fresh dialysis fluid chamber is located between the fresh dialysis fluid pump and the dialysis fluid inlet line to the dialyzer and (iv) the used dialysis fluid pump is located between the second used dialysis fluid chamber and the dialysis fluid outlet line from the dialyzer.

3. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein the medical fluid source is a substitution fluid source.

4. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein the blood detector is located so as to operate with a patient end of the venous line.

5. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein the medical fluid is introduced from its source into the arterial line via a Y-connector or T-connector located between the arterial line patient end and the blood pump.

6. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein the medical fluid is introduced from its source into the arterial line via a medical fluid line operable with an occluding device, the occluding device opened to enable the medical fluid to be introduced.

7. The hemodialysis system of claim 1, wherein the blood pump is stopped to enable the medical fluid line to be fluidly communicated with the arterial line.

8. A hemodialysis system configured to return blood to a patient, the hemodialysis system comprising:

a dialyzer;

a dialysis fluid circuit in fluid communication with the dialyzer via dialysis fluid inlet and outlet lines, the dialysis fluid circuit including

a fresh dialysis fluid pump,

a used dialysis fluid pump,

a blood circuit in fluid communication with the dialyzer and including

an arterial line for removing blood from a patient and delivering the blood to the dialyzer,

a venous line for returning blood from the dialyzer to the patient,

a blood pump operable with the arterial line upstream of the dialyzer,

a medical fluid source in fluid communication with the arterial line between a patient end of the arterial line and the blood pump,

a drip chamber located along the venous line;

a blood detector operable with the venous line; and

a blood rinseback scheme wherein, with the dialysis fluid inlet and outlet lines connected to the dialyzer, blood is pushed to the patient via the medical fluid being introduced from its source into the arterial line between the arterial line patient end and the blood pump, and flowed through the dialyzer, through the venous drip chamber and to the blood detector along the venous line, where the medical fluid is sensed by the blood detector to indicate an end of the blood rinseback.

9. The hemodialysis system of claim 8, wherein the dialysis fluid circuit comprises a first balancing unit including (i) a first fresh dialysis fluid chamber operable with the fresh dialysis fluid pump and (ii) a first used dialysis fluid chamber operable with the used dialysis fluid pump, and a second balancing unit including (iii) a second fresh dialysis fluid chamber operable with the fresh dialysis fluid pump and (iv) a second used dialysis fluid chamber operable with the used dialysis fluid pump.

10. The hemodialysis system of claim 8, wherein the medical fluid source is a substitution fluid source.

11. The hemodialysis system of claim 8, wherein the blood detector is located so as to operate with a patient end of the venous line.

12. The hemodialysis system of claim 8, wherein the medical fluid is introduced from its source into the arterial line via a Y-connector or T-connector located between the arterial line patient end and the blood pump.

13. The hemodialysis system of claim 8, wherein the medical fluid is introduced from its source into the arterial line via a medical fluid line operable with an occluding device, the occluding device opened to enable the medical fluid to be introduced.

14. The hemodialysis system of claim 8, wherein the blood pump is stopped to enable the medical fluid line to be fluidly communicated with the arterial line.

15. A hemodialysis system configured to return blood to a patient, the hemodialysis system comprising:

a dialyzer;

a dialysis fluid circuit in fluid communication with the dialyzer via dialysis fluid inlet and outlet lines, the dialysis fluid circuit including

a fresh dialysis fluid pump,

a used dialysis fluid pump,

a blood circuit in fluid communication with the dialyzer and including

an arterial line for removing blood from a patient and delivering the blood to the dialyzer,

a venous line for returning blood from the dialyzer to the patient,

a blood pump operable with the arterial line upstream of the dialyzer,

a medical fluid source in fluid communication with the arterial line between a patient end of the arterial line and the blood pump,

a drip chamber located along the venous line;

a blood detector operable with the venous line; and

a blood rinseback scheme wherein, with the dialysis fluid inlet and outlet lines connected to the dialyzer, blood is transferred to the patient by the medical fluid, wherein the medical fluid is introduced from its source into the arterial line between the arterial line patient end and the blood pump, and flowed through the dialyzer, through the venous drip chamber and to the blood detector along the venous line, where the medical fluid is sensed by the blood detector to indicate an end of the blood rinseback.

16. The hemodialysis system of claim 15, wherein the dialysis fluid circuit comprises a first balancing unit including (i) a first fresh dialysis fluid chamber operable with the fresh dialysis fluid pump and (ii) a first used dialysis fluid chamber operable with the used dialysis fluid pump, and a second balancing unit including (iii) a second fresh dialysis fluid chamber operable with the fresh dialysis fluid pump and (iv) a second used dialysis fluid chamber operable with the used dialysis fluid pump.

17. The hemodialysis system of claim 15, wherein the medical fluid source is a substitution fluid source.

18. The hemodialysis system of claim 15, wherein the blood detector is located so as to operate with a patient end of the venous line.

19. The hemodialysis system of claim 15, wherein the medical fluid is introduced from its source into the arterial line via a Y-connector or T-connector located between the arterial line patient end and the blood pump.

20. The hemodialysis system of claim 15, wherein the medical fluid is introduced from its source into the arterial line via a medical fluid line operable with an occluding device, the occluding device opened to enable the medical fluid to be introduced.

21. The hemodialysis system of claim 15, wherein the blood pump is stopped to enable the medical fluid line to be fluidly communicated with the arterial line.