RFID tag tracking using tag population management

• US 10,430,623 B1
• Filed: 06/29/2018
• Issued: 10/01/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 03/14/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Impinj, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Impinj, Inc.
• Inventors: Pesavento, Alberto, Diorio, Christopher J., Robshaw, Matthew
• Primary Examiner(s): Ly, Toan C
• Application Number:
  US16/023,719
• Time in Patent Office: 459 Days
• Field of Search: 235385, 235439, 235451
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10158 methods and means used by the interrogation device for reliably powering the wireless record carriers using an electromagnetic interrogation field
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10178 including auxiliary means for focusing, repeating or boosting the electromagnetic interrogation field comparable booster antennas integrated on the record carrier itself G06K19/07794
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10297 arrangements for handling protocols designed for non-contact record carriers such as RFIDs NFCs, e.g. ISO/IEC 14443 and 18092 cryptographic protocols H04L9/00; network security protocols H04L63/00; real-time communication protocols in data switching networks H04L65/00; network protocols for data switching network services H04L67/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10316 using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers antennas in general H01Q1/22
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10356 using a plurality of antennas, e.g. configurations including means to resolve interference between the plurality of antennas
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/087 Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/2216 used in interrogator/reader equipment
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/061 Two dimensional planar arrays
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 21/065 Patch antenna array
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/24 varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/26 varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture H01Q3/12, H01Q3/22, H01Q3/24 take precedence

Abstract

RFID readers such as synthesized-beam readers may be used to track RFID tags of interest. When a tag of interest is detected, a reader may choose to keep the tag of interest from entering a quiet state, which a detected tag may normally enter. Subsequently, the tag of interest can respond more frequently than a tag in the quiet state, allowing the reader to track any movement of the tag of interest and determine a tag trajectory. The reader may further use the determined trajectory to cooperatively-power the tag of interest.

Claims

1. A method for a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) reader system to track the movement of an RFID integrated circuit (IC) of interest coupled to an antenna, the method comprising:

receiving an IC response in an inventory round;

determining that the IC response is from the RFID IC of interest;

in response to determining that the IC response is from the RFID IC of interest, preventing the RFID IC of interest from entering a quiet state;

determining, based on at least the IC response, a trajectory of the RFID IC;

generating a plurality of beams along the trajectory;

cooperatively powering the RFID IC using the plurality of beams; and

receiving a subsequent response from the RFID IC in the inventory round.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein preventing the RFID IC from entering the quiet state comprises not responding to the IC response.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein preventing the RFID IC from entering the quiet state comprises sending a non-acknowledgement command to the RFID IC.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein preventing the RFID IC from entering the quiet state comprises requesting additional information from the RFID IC.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein generating the plurality of beams along the trajectory comprises:

generating the plurality of beams using at least one synthesized-beam reader (SBR); and

adjusting a synthesized-beam scanning pattern based on the trajectory.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein cooperatively powering the RFID IC using the plurality of beams comprises at least one of:

transmitting synchronized inventorying commands on at least two of the plurality of beams; and

transmitting an inventorying command on at least one of the plurality of beams and an unmodulated RF signal on at least another of the plurality of beams.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving another IC response;

determining that the other IC response is from a static RFID IC; and

in response to determining that the other IC response is from the static RFID IC, causing the static RFID IC to enter the quiet state.

8. A Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system configured to track the movement of RFID integrated circuits (ICs) coupled to antennas, the reader system comprising:

an RFID reader system configured to;

generate a plurality of beams configured to cooperatively power RFID ICs; and

a processor coupled to the RFID reader system and configured to;

transmit, via the RFID reader system an inventorying command;

receive, via the RFID reader system, an IC response to the inventorying command;

determine that the IC response is from an RFID IC of interest;

in response to determining that the IC response is from the RFID IC of interest, prevent the RFID IC of interest from entering a quiet state;

determine, based on at least the IC response, a trajectory of the RFID IC; and

cause the reader system to cooperatively power the RFID IC along the trajectory using the plurality of beams.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the processor is configured to prevent the RFID IC from entering the quiet state by not responding to the IC response.

10. The system of claim 8, wherein the processor is configured to prevent the RFID IC from entering the quiet state by sending a non-acknowledgement command to the RFID IC.

11. The system of claim 8, wherein the processor is configured to prevent the RFID IC from entering the quiet state by requesting additional information from the RFID IC.

12. The system of claim 8, wherein the reader system is configured to cooperatively power the RFID IC by at least one of:

transmitting synchronized inventorying commands on at least two of the plurality of beams; and

transmitting an inventorying command on at least one of the plurality of beams and an unmodulated RF signal on at least another of the plurality of beams.

13. The system of claim 8, wherein the processor is further configured to:

receive another IC response;

determine that the other IC response is from a static RFID IC; and

in response to determining that the other IC response is from the static RFID IC, cause the static RFID IC to enter the quiet state.

14. A method for a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system to track an RFID integrated circuit (IC) of interest among a plurality of static RFID ICs, the method comprising:

receiving an IC response in an inventory round;

determining whether the IC response is from the RFID IC of interest or a static RFID IC;

in response to determining that the IC response is from the static RFID IC, causing the static RFID IC to enter a quiet state and refrain from subsequently responding in the inventory round; and

in response to determining that the IC response is from the RFID IC of interest;

preventing the RFID IC of interest from entering the quiet state such that the RFID IC of interest subsequently can respond in the inventory round;

generating a plurality of beams directed along a trajectory of the RFID IC of interest; and

cooperatively powering the RFID IC of interest using the plurality of beams.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein receiving the IC response comprises receiving the IC response in a first beam directed at a first target location, and further comprising:

receiving another IC response from the RFID IC of interest in a second beam directed at a second target location; and

determining, based on the first and second tag responses and the first and second target locations, the trajectory.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein cooperatively powering the RFID IC using the plurality of beams comprises at least one of:

transmitting synchronized inventorying commands on at least two of the plurality of beams; and

transmitting an inventorying command on at least one of the plurality of beams and an unmodulated RF signal on at least another of the plurality of beams.

17. The method of claim 14, wherein:

causing the static RFID IC to enter the quiet state comprises causing the static RFID IC to assert a session flag of the static RFID IC; and

preventing the RFID IC of interest from entering the quiet state comprises causing the RFID IC of interest to maintain a session flag of the RFID IC of interest.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein preventing the RFID IC of interest from entering the quiet state comprises not responding to the IC response.

19. The method of claim 14, wherein preventing the RFID IC of interest from entering the quiet state comprises sending a non-acknowledgment command to the RFID IC of interest.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein preventing the RFID IC of interest from entering the quiet state comprises requesting additional information from the RFID IC.