Smart Battery, electric energy allocation bus system, battery charging and discharging method and electric energy allocation method

• US 10,431,996 B2
• Filed: 08/24/2017
• Issued: 10/01/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 02/24/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Beijing Samevolt Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Beijing Samevolt Company Limited
• Inventors: Liu, Guangchen
• Primary Examiner(s): Dunn, Drew A
• Assistant Examiner(s): O'Neill-Becerril, Harry
• Application Number:
  US15/684,942
• Publication Number:
  US 20170353042A1
• Time in Patent Office: 768 Days
• Field of Search: 320112
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/4257 Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/441 for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/48 Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/482 for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2010/4271 Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0014 Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0018 using separate charge circuits
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses a smart battery, an electric energy allocation bus system, a battery charging and discharging method and an electric energy allocation method. The smart battery internally comprises a battery body portion and a control unit. The smart battery can collect various data of the battery, can be communicated with other smart batteries in a battery pack of a same group and a battery pack control system, and can realize electric quantity transfer among smart batteries of the same group through the electric quantity allocation bus, and realize electric quantity transfer among some batteries of a battery pack accessed to the electric energy allocation bus. Besides, controllable processes of charging and discharging, that is, active balanced charging and discharging, can be realized.

Claims

1. A smart battery used independently, or in series group, comprising:

a control unit comprising;

(1) a main control module for coordinating cooperative work of various modules of the smart battery, coordinating work of all modules of other smart batteries in a same group and connected power generation devices/electrical loads through a communication interface, communicating with a superior control system of a battery pack, reporting data of the battery pack, and receiving and executing commands of the superior control system of the battery pack;

(2) a charging module for executing a charging command issued directly by the main control module, charging the smart battery according to supplied charging parameters, and adjusting the supplied charging parameters in real time according to received latest charging parameters;

(3) an electric quantity transfer module for externally supplying power by using electric energy of the smart battery under control of the main control module; and

(4) a communication module for transmitting data between smart batteries of the same group, between the battery pack and the superior control system of the battery pack and between a power generation devices or electrical loads accessed to communication buses and the smart battery;

a battery body portion;

a connecting wire;

a sensor; and

a shell,

wherein the control unit is configured to control coordinately, acquire information, analyze statistic, control actively and give external feedback;

when controlling coordinately, the control unit coordinates and controls cooperative work of other smart batteries in a battery pack and power generation devices or electrical loads accessed to a same electric energy allocation bus through a communication interface, including;

keeping clocks of all smart batteries synchronous and keeping synchronous with a clock of a superior control system of the battery pack, coordinating and determining a control unit of a certain smart battery in the battery pack, coordinating data collection and transmission of other smart batteries, coordinating calibration of data collection precision of all the batteries in the battery pack, controlling data collection types and frequencies of all batteries, upgrading programs of the control unit, and performing self-tests of the control unit of each battery;

when acquiring information, the control unit is further configured to;

acquire information of the battery, including voltage, current, internal resistance, temperature, environmental temperature, motion states, vibration and acceleration data through a data collection function of the control unit, acquire above information of each of other smart batteries in the same group and clock/self-test/calibration information through a communication function of the control unit, acquire voltage/current data on the electric energy allocation bus, acquire external interaction commands and environmental temperature information through the communication function of the control unit, and add time stamps on all above information and store the information;

when analyzing the statistic, the control unit is configured to count, analyze and compute the number of charging and discharging cycles of each battery in the battery pack, charging and discharging depth, remaining electric quantity and deterioration degree according to the acquired information, compute charging parameters suitable for each battery according to commands, compute power supply and electricity use information accessed to the electric energy allocation bus for switching different batteries and/or power generation devices and/or electrical loads to access to the electric energy allocation bus or disconnect from the electric energy allocation bus, and add time stamps on all above information and stores the information;

when control actively, the control unit is configured to perform electric quantity transfer among the batteries belonging to a same group to realize a reallocation of the remaining electric quantity among all the batteries, or to charge partial or all the batteries in the battery pack through the power supply devices accessed to the electric energy allocation bus, switch corresponding batteries and/or power generation devices and/or electrical loads to access to the electric energy allocation bus or disconnect from the electric energy allocation bus according to a statistic analysis result;

the control unit is configured to adjust charging parameters dynamically based on a statistic analysis computation result and the external commands;

when giving external feedback, the control unit passively answers the external interaction commands or actively issues information to an outward;

the control unit adopts a full-time charging mode or a time-sharing charging mode;

wherein the full-time charging mode is to complete charging by the control unit in an entire charging process, and the time-sharing charging mode is to complete the entire charging process; and

the smart battery comprises connecting wires, a positive leading wire and a negative leading wire of the battery body portion are respectively connected with a positive binding post and a negative binding post of the shell of the smart battery, and an overload protection apparatus and a current sensor are installed on a connecting circuit;

a positive output end and a negative output end for charging function and an input end for electric quantity transfer function in the control unit are respectively connected with the positive leading wire and the negative leading wire of the battery body portion; and

the current sensor is installed on the connecting circuit;

the main control module is directly connected to the charging module, the communication module and the electric quantity transfer module, respectively;

the charging module and the electric quantity transfer module are in parallel connections to both the electric energy allocation bus and the battery body portion; and

the main control module, the charging module, the communication module and the electric quantity transfer module are separate and distinct hardware components.

2. The smart battery of claim 1, wherein the battery body portion is a battery or a battery module formed by more than two batteries.

3. The smart battery of claim 1, wherein the smart battery comprises an integrated or split shell;

the control unit, the battery body portion, the connecting wire and the sensor are combined together;

the shell is provided with exposed positive binding post and negative binding post and a plurality of interfaces, including partial or all interfaces such as an environmental temperature sensor interface, a power supply interface, an electric energy allocation bus interface, a heat dissipation interface, a calibration interface, a communication interface and a program upgrade interface;

all interfaces are independent or combined into one interface.