Millimeter-wave radio architecture for multi-channel concurrent operation

• US 10,440,584 B1
• Filed: 09/25/2017
• Issued: 10/08/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 09/25/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Amazon Technologies, Inc. (Amazon.com, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Amazon Technologies, Inc. (Amazon.com, Inc.)
• Inventors: Labadie, Nathan, Kim, Cheol Su
• Primary Examiner(s): Tadese, Berhanu
• Application Number:
  US15/714,459
• Time in Patent Office: 743 Days
• Field of Search: None
• CPC Class Codes: H03H 7/12 Bandpass or bandstop filters with adjustable bandwidth and fixed centre frequency H03H7/09 takes precedence; automatic control of bandwidth in amplifiers H03G5/16
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0452 Multi-user MIMO systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0617 for beam forming
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0007 the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0041 Frequency-non-contiguous
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 16/14 Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 88/10 adapted for operation in multiple networks, e.g. multi-mode access points

Abstract

Technology for radios that support single channel, multi-channel, SISO, MIMO, and beamforming communications at millimeter wave frequencies using WLAN transceivers or other IF transceivers. One radio includes a first transceiver configured to generate a first RF signal in a first frequency range; a second transceiver configured to generate a third RF signal in a mm-wave frequency range, the second transceiver is configured to couple to a multi-element antenna for beamforming operations; and conversion circuitry coupled to an output of the first transceiver and an input of the second transceiver. The conversion circuitry is configured to receive the first RF signal from the first transceiver and convert the first RF signal in the first frequency range to a second RF signal in the mm-wave frequency range; and receive the third RF signal from the second transceiver and convert the third RF signal to a fourth RF signal in the first frequency range.

Claims

1. A radio configured for single channel, multi-channel, single-input-single-output (SISO), multiple-input-multiple output (MIMO), and beamforming communications at millimeter wave (mm-wave) frequencies, the radio comprising:

an interface coupled to receive baseband information from a processor;

a zero intermediate frequency (ZIF) transceiver comprising an input and an output, the input being coupled to the interface to receive the baseband information and the output to generate a wireless local area network (WLAN) signal in a WLAN frequency spectrum;

a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) transceiver comprising an input and an output, the input being coupled to the output of the ZIF transceiver and the output being coupled to a phased-array antenna, wherein the ZIF transceiver and the mm-wave transceiver are coupled in series between the interface and the phased-array antenna; and

frequency-spectrum converter circuity coupled in series between the output of the ZIF transceiver and the input of the mm-wave transceiver, the frequency-spectrum converter circuity to;

receive the WLAN signal from the output of the ZIF transceiver;

convert the WLAN signal to an intermediate frequency (IF) signal; and

output the IF signal to the input of the mm-wave transceiver, wherein the mm-wave transceiver is to receive at the input the IF signal and output a mm-wave signal based on the IF signal, wherein the mm-wave signal, when applied to the phased-array antenna, causes the phased-array antenna to radiate electromagnetic energy in a mm-wave frequency spectrum, wherein the IF signal has a frequency that is greater than frequencies in the WLAN frequency spectrum and less than frequencies in the mm-wave frequency spectrum.

2. The radio of claim 1, wherein the frequency-spectrum converter circuity comprises:

a local oscillator (LO) circuit configured to generate a LO signal;

a mixer coupled to the LO circuit;

an IF bandpass filter coupled to a first port of the mixer;

a RF bandpass filter coupled to a second port of the mixer, the mixer to up-convert a TX signal on the first port or down-covert a RX signal on the second port based on the LO signal; and

a controller coupled to the ZIF transceiver, the LO circuit, and the mm-wave transceiver, the controller to control the ZIF transceiver, LO circuit, and the mm-wave transceiver to operate in one of a plurality of operational modes of the radio, the plurality of operational modes comprising a single-channel operational mode and at least one of a multi-channel operational mode, a SISO operational mode, or a MIMO operational mode to communicate data via the phased-array antenna at mm-wave frequencies in the mm-wave frequency spectrum.

3. The radio of claim 1, wherein the mm-wave transceiver comprises a plurality of RF chains, each of the plurality of RF chains comprising components coupled between an input port and an output port, the components configured to phase shift, filter, and amplify an RF signal, wherein the frequency-spectrum converter circuity further comprises an N-way divider/combiner coupled between a RF bandpass filter and the input ports of the plurality of RF chains.

4. The radio of claim 1, wherein the ZIF transceiver comprises:

a plurality of channels, each of the plurality of channels is selectable according to a channel assignment scheme; and

a plurality of channel filters, each of the plurality of channel filters is reconfigurable to support a plurality of different multi-channel bandwidth schemes, wherein, in a first period, a first channel of the plurality of channels is selected and a first channel filter of the plurality of channel filters is reconfigured to a first multi-channel bandwidth scheme of the plurality of different multi-channel bandwidth schemes to filter the first channel according to a first channel bandwidth, and wherein in a second period, a second channel of the plurality of channels is selected and a second channel filter of the plurality of channel filters is reconfigured to the first multi-channel bandwidth scheme to filter the second channel according to the first channel bandwidth.

5. An electronic device comprising:

a first transceiver configured to generate RF signals in a first frequency range based on baseband information received from a processing device;

a second transceiver configured to generate RF signals in a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequency range, the second transceiver is coupled to a multi-element antenna; and

conversion circuitry coupled between the first transceiver and the second transceiver, wherein the first transceiver, the conversion circuitry, and the second transceiver are coupled in series between the processing device and the multi-element antenna, the conversion circuitry is configured to;

receive a first RF signal in the first frequency range from an output of the first transceiver;

convert the first RF signal to a second RF signal in the mm-wave frequency range;

output the second RF signal to an input of the second transceiver;

receive a third RF signal in the mm-wave frequency range from an output of the second transceiver;

convert the third RF signal to a fourth RF signal in the first frequency range; and

output the fourth RF signal to an input of the first transceiver.

6. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein:

to convert the first RF signal to the second RF signal, the conversion circuity is further configured to convert the first signal to a first intermediate frequency (IF) signal in an IF frequency range; and

to convert the third RF signal to the fourth RF signal, the conversion circuitry is further configured to convert the third RF signal to a second IF signal in the IF frequency range.

7. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein the first transceiver comprises:

a plurality of channels; and

a plurality of channel filters.

8. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein:

the first transceiver is a zero-intermediate frequency (ZIF) transceiver that transmits a wireless local area network (WLAN) signal to the conversion circuitry;

the conversion circuitry comprises;

an IF band-pass filter (BPF) that is centered at a channel center frequency and filters the WLAN signal to obtain a filtered IF signal;

a mixer that converts the filtered IF signal to obtain a second TX RF signals;

a RF BPF that filters the mm-wave RF signal to remove harmonics of the mm-wave RF signal, other out of band mixing spurs, or both;

a frequency synthesizer of mm-wave that generates an Local Oscillator (LO) signal; and

a filter and driver amplifier that filters the LO signal to obtain a filtered LO signal that drives a LO port of the mixer.

9. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein the second transceiver comprises:

a plurality of RF chains, each of the plurality of RF chains to phase shift, filter, and amplify the second RF signal; and

an N-way divider/combiner to divide the second RF signal by N-ways, where N is a number of the plurality of RF chains in the second transceiver, wherein N is a positive integer that is two or greater.

10. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein the conversion circuitry is further configured to convert a first TX RF signal to a first intermediate frequency (IF) signal in an IF frequency range and divide the IF signal N-ways to obtain the second RF signal in the mm-wave frequency range, where N is a number of RF chains in the second transceiver, each of the RF chains to phase shift, filter, and amplify the second RF signal, wherein N is a positive integer that is two or greater.

11. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein the conversion circuitry is further configured to combine the third RF signal received at one of the multiple antenna elements of the multi-element antenna with another RF signal received at another one of the multiple antenna elements of the multi-element antenna as combined RF signals in the mm-wave frequency range and convert the combined RF signals to a second IF signal in an IF frequency range.

12. The electronic device of claim 5, wherein the first frequency range is approximately 2.4 GHz to approximately 5.8 GHz, and wherein the mm-wave frequency range is approximately 30 GHz to approximately 300 GHz.

13. The electronic device of claim 5, further comprising:

M wireless local area network (WLAN) transceivers, where M is a positive integer, and wherein the first transceiver is one of the M WLAN transceivers;

2M mm-wave transceivers, wherein the second transceiver is one of the 2M mm-wave transceivers;

2M conversion circuits, wherein the conversion circuitry is one of the 2M conversion circuits; and

2M channels, each of the 2M channels comprising one of the 2M conversion circuits and one of the 2M mm-wave transceivers.

14. The electronic device of claim 5, further comprising:

M/2 wireless local area network (WLAN) transmitters, where M is a positive integer that is two or greater;

M/2 WLAN receivers, wherein the first transceiver is one of the M/2 WLAN transmitters or one of the M/2 WLAN receivers;

M mm-wave transceivers, wherein the second transceiver is one of the 2M mm-wave transceivers;

M conversion circuits, wherein the conversion circuitry is one of the 2M conversion circuits; and

M channels, each of the M channels comprising one of the M conversion circuits and one of the 2M mm-wave transceivers.

15. The electronic device of claim 5, further comprising:

M wireless local area network (WLAN) transceivers, where M is a positive integer, and wherein the first transceiver is one of the M WLAN transceivers;

M mm-wave transceivers, wherein the second transceiver is one of the 2M mm-wave transceivers;

M conversion circuits, wherein the conversion circuitry is one of the 2M conversion circuits; and

M channels, each of the M channels comprising one of the M conversion circuits and one of the 2M mm-wave transceivers.

16. The electronic device of claim 5, further comprising:

M/2 wireless local area network (WLAN) transmitters, where M is a positive integer that is two or greater;

M/2 WLAN receivers, wherein the first transceiver is one of the M/2 WLAN transmitters or one of the M/2 WLAN receivers;

M/2 mm-wave transceivers, wherein the second transceiver is one of the M/2 mm-wave transceivers;

M/2 conversion circuits, wherein the conversion circuitry is one of the M/2 conversion circuits; and

M/2 channels, each of the M/2 channels comprising one of the M/2 conversion circuits and one of the M/2 mm-wave transceivers.

17. The electronic device of claim 5, further comprising:

a first integrated circuit (IC) comprising the first transceiver;

a second IC comprising the second transceiver; and

a filter-converter board comprising the conversion circuitry and a controller, wherein the conversion circuitry comprises;

a first IF band-pass filter (BPF);

a second IF BPF; and

a first circuit coupled between the first IF BPF and the second IF BFP, and wherein the controller is configured to control the first transceiver and the second transceiver to operate in one of a plurality of operational modes of the radio, the plurality of operational modes comprising at least one of a single-channel operational mode, a multi-channel operational mode, a single-input-single-output (SISO) operational mode, or a multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) operational mode to communicate data with beamforming operation via the multi-element antenna in the mm-wave frequency.

18. A wireless communication device comprising:

a processing device;

a first multi-element antenna;

a first radio coupled to the processing device, the first radio comprising;

a first transceiver comprising a first port;

a second transceiver comprising a second port, wherein the first transceiver is configured to generate a first radio frequency (RF) signal in a first frequency range based on baseband information from the processing device, and wherein the second transceiver is configured to receive a third RF signal in a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequency range via the first multi-element antenna; and

conversion circuitry coupled between the first port of the first transceiver and the second port of the second transceiver, wherein the first transceiver, the conversion circuitry, and the second transceiver are coupled in series between the processing device and the first multi-element antenna, wherein the conversion circuitry is configured to;

convert the first RF signal to a second RF signal in the mm-wave frequency range as an input to the second port of the second transceiver; and

convert the third RF signal to a fourth RF signal in the first frequency range as an input to the first port of the first transceiver.

19. The wireless communication device of claim 18, wherein:

to convert the first RF signal to the second RF signal, the conversion circuity is further configured to convert the first RF signal to a first intermediate frequency (IF) signal in an IF frequency range; and

to convert the third RF signal to the fourth RF signal, the conversion circuitry is further configured to convert the third RF signal to a second IF signal in the IF frequency range.

20. The wireless communication device of claim 18, wherein the first transceiver comprises:

a plurality of channels; and

a plurality of channel filters.