Technique for dynamically controlling the incoupler of a beam-steering device

• US 10,444,595 B2
• Filed: 01/03/2019
• Issued: 10/15/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 01/03/2018
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy
• Original Assignee: The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy
• Inventors: Myers, Jason D., Frantz, Jesse A., Spillmann, Christopher M., Bekele, Robel Y., Gotjen, Henry G., Naciri, Jawad, Kolacz, Jakub, Shaw, L. Brandon, Sanghera, Jasbinder S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Petkovsek, Daniel
• Application Number:
  US16/238,642
• Publication Number:
  US 20190204710A1
• Time in Patent Office: 285 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/305 and having an integrated mode-size expanding section, e.g. tapered waveguide
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/0113 Glass-based, e.g. silica-based, optical waveguides
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/0118 by controlling the evanescent coupling of light from a fibre into an active, e.g. electro-optic, overlay
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/1326 Liquid crystal optical waveguides or liquid crystal cells specially adapted for gating or modulating between optical waveguides
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/291 Two-dimensional analogue deflection
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/292 by controlled diffraction or phased-array beam steering controlled diffraction for optical switching G02F1/31
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/295 Analog deflection from or in an optical waveguide structure]
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 2203/24 beam steering

Abstract

An optical system has a beam-steering device having a planar waveguide region between a tapered incoupler and a tapered outcoupler that respectively define opposing incoupler and outcoupler facets of the BS device. Each region has a substrate, a subcladding layer over the substrate, a core layer over the subcladding, and a top cladding layer over the core. Within the incoupler, at least one of the subcladding and the top cladding has a material having a refractive index that varies with an applied field (e.g., an electric field) applied at the incoupler. The optical system also has a field-applying device that applies the applied field at the incoupler, an output detector that generates a feedback signal based on detected outgoing light output from the outcoupler, and a controller that controls the field-applying device based on the feedback signal to alter the light output from the outcoupler.

Claims

1. An optical system comprising:

a beam-steering (BS) device comprising a planar waveguide region between a tapered incoupler and tapered outcoupler that respectively define opposing incoupler and outcoupler facets of the BS device, wherein each of the waveguide region, the incoupler, and the outcoupler comprises;

a substrate;

a subcladding layer over the substrate;

a core layer over the subcladding layer; and

a top cladding layer, wherein, within the incoupler, at least one of the subcladding layer and the top cladding layer comprises a material having a refractive index that varies with an applied field applied at the incoupler;

a field-applying device configured to apply the applied field at the incoupler;

an output detector configured to generate a feedback signal based on detected outgoing light output from the outcoupler; and

a controller configured to control the field-applying device based on the feedback signal to alter the outgoing light output from the outcoupler.

2. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the applied field is an electric field.

3. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the top cladding layer comprises a liquid crystal material.

4. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the BS device comprises an electrode over the top cladding layer of the incoupler.

5. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to encode data into incoming light incident at the incoupler facet of the BS device by modifying the applied field at the incoupler in order to vary the magnitude of the outgoing light output from the outcoupler.

6. The optical system of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to modify the applied field to correct for mismatch between at least one of (i) wavelength of incoming light incident on the incoupler facet and (ii) an angle of incidence of the incoming light at the incoupler facet.

7. The optical system of claim 1, wherein:

the top cladding layer comprises a liquid crystal material having a refractive index that varies with an applied field;

the applied field is an electric field; and

the BS device comprises an electrode over the top cladding layer of the incoupler.

8. The optical system of claim 7, wherein the controller is configured to encode data into incoming light incident at the incoupler facet of the BS device by modifying the applied field at the incoupler in order to vary the magnitude of the outgoing light output from the outcoupler.

9. The optical system of claim 7, wherein the controller is configured to modify the applied field to correct for mismatch between at least one of (i) wavelength of incoming light incident on the incoupler facet and (ii) an angle of incidence of the incoming light at the incoupler facet.

10. A method for controlling the optical system of claim 1, wherein the method comprises:

coupling incoming light into the BS device at the incoupler;

applying the applied field to the incoupler by the field-applying device;

generating the feedback signal by the output detector; and

controlling the field-applying device by the controller to change the applied field to alter the outgoing light output from the outcoupler.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the applied field is an electric field.

12. The method of claim 10, the top cladding layer comprises a liquid crystal material.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the BS device comprises an electrode over the top cladding layer of the incoupler.

14. The method of claim 10, wherein the controller encodes data into incoming light incident at the incoupler facet of the BS device by modifying the applied field at the incoupler in order to vary the magnitude of the outgoing light output from the outcoupler.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein the controller modifies the applied field to correct for mismatch between wavelength of incoming light incident on the incoupler facet and an angle of incidence of the incoming light at the incoupler facet.

16. The method of claim 10, wherein:

the top cladding layer comprises a liquid crystal material having a refractive index that varies with an applied field;

the applied field is an electric field;

the BS device comprises an electrode over the top cladding layer of the incoupler.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the controller encodes data into incoming light incident at the incoupler facet of the BS device by modifying the applied field at the incoupler in order to vary the magnitude of the outgoing light output from the outcoupler.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein the controller modifies the applied field to correct for mismatch between wavelength of incoming light incident on the incoupler facet and an angle of incidence of the incoming light at the incoupler facet.