Electronic devices having light sensors with thin-film filters

• US 10,446,112 B2
• Filed: 09/20/2017
• Issued: 10/15/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 09/20/2017
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Xu, Tingjun, Lyngnes, Ove, Yuen, Avery P., Zhao, Xianwei, Kang, Sunggu, Zhong, John Z.
• Primary Examiner(s): Xie, Kwin
• Application Number:
  US15/710,657
• Publication Number:
  US 20190088234A1
• Time in Patent Office: 755 Days
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/285 comprising deposited thin solid films G02B5/281 - G02B5/289 take precedence; multilayered film filters for fibre optic multiplexing G02B6/29361
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0018 Redirecting means on the surface of the light guide
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/002 by shaping at least a portion of the light guide, e.g. with collimating, focussing or diverging surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0028 Light guide, e.g. taper
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/005 provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0053 Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0065 Manufacturing aspects; Material aspects
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0076 Stacked arrangements of multiple light guides of the same or different cross-sectional area
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 6/0088 of the light guide or other optical sheets in the package
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/13318 Circuits comprising a photodetector
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 2360/144 the light being ambient light
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 3/20 for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
• CPC Class Codes: G09G 5/024 using colour registers, e.g. to control background, foreground, surface filling G09G5/06 takes precedence

Abstract

An electronic device may be provided with a display mounted in a housing. The display may have an array of pixels that form an active area and may have an inactive area that runs along an edge of the active area. An opaque layer may be formed on an inner surface of a display cover layer in the inactive area of the display or may be formed on another transparent layer in the electronic device. An ambient light sensor window may be formed from the opening and may be aligned with color ambient light sensor. The ambient light sensor may have an integrated circuit with an array of photodetectors and may have a color filter layer forming a corresponding array of thin-film interference color filters with different respective pass bands. The color filter layer may have a shared dielectric stack and multiple color-filter-specific dielectric stacks on the shared dielectric stack.

Claims

1. An electronic device, comprising:

a display;

a color ambient light sensor; and

control circuitry configured to adjust the display based on ambient light color and ambient light intensity information from the color ambient light sensor, wherein the color ambient light sensor comprises;

a light detector integrated circuit having first and second photodetectors; and

a color filter layer on the light detector integrated circuit, wherein the color filter layer has a first thin-film interference color filter overlapping the first photodetector and a second thin-film interference color filter overlapping the second photodetector, the first thin-film color filter has a first pass band associated with a first color, the second thin-film color filter has a second pass band associated with a second color, the color filter layer has a common dielectric stack that overlaps the first and second photodetectors and has first and second color-filter-specific dielectric stacks formed on the common dielectric stack, the first thin-film interference color filter includes the first color-specific dielectric stack and a first portion of the common dielectric stack, and the second thin-film interference color filter includes the second color-filter-specific dielectric stack and a second portion of the common dielectric stack that is different from the first portion.

2. The electronic device defined in claim 1 wherein the common dielectric stack and the color-filter-specific dielectric stacks are formed from inorganic dielectric layers.

3. The electronic device defined in claim 2 wherein the display has an active area with an array of pixels, an inactive area without pixels, and a display cover layer overlapping the active area and the inactive area and wherein the color ambient light sensor is overlapped by the inactive area.

4. The electronic device defined in claim 3 further comprising:

an opaque masking layer on a surface of the display cover layer in the inactive area; and

an ambient light sensor window formed from an opening in the opaque masking layer that is aligned with the color ambient light sensor.

5. The electronic device defined in claim 2 wherein the inorganic dielectric layers comprise silicon oxide.

6. The electronic device defined in claim 5 wherein the inorganic dielectric layers comprise inorganic dielectric layers selected from the group consisting of:

niobium oxide layers, tantalum oxide layers, titanium oxide layers, silicon nitride layers, and aluminum oxide layers.

7. The electronic device defined in claim 2 wherein the first and second thin-film interference color filters each have 30-120 of the dielectric layers.

8. The electronic device defined in claim 1 further comprising an encapsulant layer overlapping the first and second photodetectors, wherein the common dielectric stack is interposed between the first and second color-filter-specific dielectric stacks and the encapsulant layer.

9. The electronic device defined in claim 1 further comprising an opaque polymer patterned to form an array of openings, wherein the array of openings comprises a first opening aligned with the first color-filter-specific dielectric stack and a second opening aligned with the second color-filter-specific dielectric stack.

10. The electronic device defined in claim 1 wherein the color filter layer has a third thin-film interference color filter with a third pass band associated with a third color.

21. The electronic device defined in claim 1, wherein the first color-filter-specific dielectric stack is separated from the second color-filter-specific dielectric stack.

22. The electronic device defined in claim 1, wherein the first color-filter-specific dielectric stack has more dielectric layers than the second color-filter-specific dielectric stack.

11. An electronic device, comprising:

a housing;

a display coupled to the housing, wherein the display has an ambient light sensor window; and

a color ambient light sensor in alignment with the ambient light sensor window, wherein the color ambient light sensor has an integrated circuit with first and second photodetectors and a color filter layer overlapping the first and second photodetectors, wherein the color filter layer includes first and second thin-film interference color filters, wherein the first thin-film interference color filter overlaps the first photodetector and is configured to pass light in a first band of wavelengths, wherein the second thin-film interference color filter overlaps the second photodetector and is configured to pass light in a second band of wavelengths, wherein the color filter layer has a shared dielectric stack that overlaps the first and second photodetectors and has first and second color-filter-specific dielectric stacks formed on the shared dielectric stack, wherein the first thin-film interference color filter comprises the first color-filter-specific dielectric stack and a first portion of the shared dielectric stack, and wherein the second thin-film interference color filter comprises the second color-filter-specific dielectric stack and a second portion of the shared dielectric stack that is laterally offset from the first portion.

12. The electronic device defined in claim 11 further comprising a light diffuser layer configured to pass ambient light to the color ambient light sensor.

13. The electronic device defined in claim 12 further comprising an infrared-light-blocking filter interposed between the light diffuser layer and the color filter layer.

14. The electronic device defined in claim 11 wherein the shared dielectric stack has a plurality of inorganic dielectric layers of alternating refractive index.

15. The electronic device defined in claim 14 wherein each of the first and second color-filter-specific dielectric stacks is formed directly on the shared dielectric stack and has a plurality of inorganic dielectric layers of alternating refractive index.

16. The electronic device defined in claim 11 wherein the shared dielectric stack has 20-120 inorganic dielectric layers of alternating refractive index.

17. The electronic device defined in claim 16 wherein each of the first and second color-filter-specific dielectric stacks has 20-120 inorganic dielectric layers of alternating refractive index.

18. An ambient light sensor, comprising:

a light detector integrated circuit having first and second photodetectors; and

a color filter layer overlapping the first and second photodetectors, wherein the color filter layer has;

a shared dielectric stack that overlaps the first and second photodetectors,

a first color-filter-specific dielectric stack formed directly on the shared dielectric stack, wherein the first color-filter-specific dielectric stack and a first portion of the shared dielectric stack that is overlapped by the first color-filter-specific dielectric stack forms a first color filter that passes light in a first wavelength band to the first photodetector, and

a second color-filter-specific dielectric stack formed directly on the shared dielectric stack, wherein the second color-filter specific dielectric stack and a second portion of the shared dielectric stack that is laterally separated from the first portion forms a second color filter that passes light in a second wavelength band to the second photodetector.

19. The ambient light sensor defined in claim 18 wherein the shared dielectric stack has at least 20 inorganic dielectric layers of alternating refractive index.

20. The ambient light sensor defined in claim 19 wherein each of the first and second color-filter-specific dielectric stacks has at least 20 inorganic dielectric layers of alternating refractive index.