Dielectric waveguide-path device

• US 10,446,900 B2
• Filed: 11/22/2016
• Issued: 10/15/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 11/26/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Kazuyuki Ouchi
• Original Assignee: Kazuyuki Ouchi
• Inventors: Ouchi, Kazuyuki
• Primary Examiner(s): Lee, Benny T
• Assistant Examiner(s): Rahman, Hafizur
• Application Number:
  US15/358,465
• Publication Number:
  US 20170155180A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,057 Days
• Field of Search: 333239
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 3/16 Dielectric waveguides, i.e. without a longitudinal conductor
• CPC Class Codes: H01P 5/188 the guides being dielectric waveguides
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/00 Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas arrangements for varying orientation of directional pattern H01Q3/00

Abstract

A refractive index n of a dielectric material is larger than a refractive index of the outside in a lateral direction X and/or a vertical direction Y perpendicular to an electromagnetic wave travelling direction Z, the inside of a waveguide-path has slow electromagnetic wave propagation velocity, compared to an area on the outside, the maximum dimension in the lateral direction and/or the vertical direction of the waveguide-path has a dimension which is specified by a formula below. The formula is: tan(k_sa/2)=k_f/k_s, or tan(k_sa/2)=−k_s/k_f. Here, k_s: propagation constant of an electromagnetic wave low-speed area, k_f: propagation constant of an electromagnetic wave high-speed area, and a: maximum dimension in the X direction and/or the Y direction of the waveguide-path.

Claims

1. A dielectric waveguide-path device for propagating an electromagnetic wave in GHz frequency in which a waveguide-path is configured of a dielectric material having a planar or circular cross-section shape, and when the electromagnetic wave travelling direction of the waveguide-path is set to be a Z direction and directions perpendicular to the Z direction and perpendicular to each other are set to be an X direction and a Y direction, a refractive index of the dielectric material of the waveguide-path is larger than a refractive index of a medium outside the waveguide-path,

wherein an inner region of waveguide-path has slow electromagnetic wave propagation velocity, compared to a fast wave propagation velocity outside the waveguide path, where the maximum dimension in the X direction or the Y direction of the waveguide-path is specified by formula 1,

wherein the formula 1 is

tan(k_sa/2)=k_f/k_s, or

tan(k_sa/2)=−

k_s/k_f

wherein the former expression is an expression when the electromagnetic wave is propagated in a cosine (cos) distribution, and the latter expression is an expression when the electromagnetic wave is propagated in a sine (sin) distribution, k_s is propagation constant of an electromagnetic wave in the slow-wave region, k_f is propagation constant of an electromagnetic wave in the fast-wave region, and a is maximum dimension in the X direction or the Y direction of the waveguide-path,

whereby an electric field has a lateral vibration mode curve that is inherent in the waveguide-path and the electric field has an attenuation curve outside of the waveguide-path are continuous on a surface of both sides of waveguide-path in the X direction or the Y direction, the electromagnetic wave in a lateral vibration mode of the electric field is transmitted in the form of the cosine distribution or the sine distribution in the Z direction while being totally reflected by the surface of both sides in the X direction or the Y direction of the waveguide-path,

the waveguide-path has an output electrode structure in which a plurality of electrodes extending in the X direction or the Y direction are arranged at regular intervals with respect to the Z direction, inside the waveguide-path or on the surface thereof,

wherein an interval in the Z direction of the plurality of electrodes is an interval of ½

of a wavelength in the electromagnetic wave travelling direction Z, which is determined by properties of the dielectric material and the maximum dimension in the X direction or the Y direction of the waveguide-path, and the dielectric waveguide-path device is made such that an electric signal is output from between the electrodes adjacent to each other.

2. A dielectric waveguide-path device for propagating an electromagnetic wave in GHz frequency in which a waveguide-path is configured of a dielectric material having a planar or circular cross-section shape, and when the electromagnetic wave having a travelling direction in the waveguide-path is set to be a Z direction and directions perpendicular to the Z direction and perpendicular to each other are set to be an X direction and a Y direction, a refractive index of the dielectric material of the waveguide-path is larger than a refractive index of a medium outside the waveguide-path,

wherein an inner region of waveguide-path has a slow electromagnetic wave propagation velocity, compared to a fast wave propagation velocity in a region outside the waveguide-path, where the maximum dimension in the X direction or the Y direction of the waveguide-path is specified by formula 1,

wherein the formula 1 is

tan(k_sa/2)=k_f/k_s, or

tan(k_sa/2)=−

k_s/k_f

wherein the former expression is an expression when the electromagnetic wave is propagated in a cosine (cos) distribution, and the latter expression is an expression when the electromagnetic wave is propagated in a sine (sin) distribution, k_s is propagation constant of the electromagnetic wave in the slow-wave region, k_f is propagation constant of the electromagnetic wave in the fast-wave region, and a is maximum dimension in the X direction or the Y direction of the waveguide-path,

whereby an electric field has a lateral vibration mode curve that is inherent in the waveguide-path and the electric field has an attenuation curve outside of the waveguide-path are continuous on a surface both sides of the waveguide-path in the X direction or the Y direction, the electromagnetic wave in the lateral vibration mode of the electric field is transmitted in the form of the cosine distribution or the sine distribution in the Z direction while being totally reflected by the surface of both sides in the X direction or the Y direction of the waveguide-path, and

the waveguide-path has an input electrode structure in which a plurality of electrodes extending in the X direction or the Y direction are arranged at regular intervals with respect to the Z direction, inside the waveguide-path or on the surface of the waveguide-path,

wherein the interval in the Z direction of the plurality of electrodes is an interval of ½

of a wavelength in the electromagnetic wave travelling direction Z, wherein the wavelength is determined by properties of the dielectric material and the maximum dimension in the X direction or the Y direction of the waveguide-path, and the dielectric waveguide-path device is made such that a high-frequency current is applied between the electrodes adjacent to each other.

3. The dielectric waveguide-path device according to claim 2, wherein an outer peripheral shape of the plurality of electrodes has a rectangular shape.

4. The dielectric waveguide-path device according to claim 2, wherein an outer peripheral shape of the plurality of electrodes satisfies formula 2,

where, the formula 2 is

5. The dielectric waveguide-path device according to claim 2, wherein the dielectric has a rectangular shape, a circular shape, or an elliptical shape in cross-section.