Spatial multiplexing scheme

• US 10,447,424 B2
• Filed: 11/04/2018
• Issued: 10/15/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 01/18/2018
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: MacKinnon, Neil
• Primary Examiner(s): Cors, Nathan M
• Application Number:
  US16/179,951
• Publication Number:
  US 20190222346A1
• Time in Patent Office: 345 Days
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 9/14 for producing polarised light
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 19/0014 at least one surface having optical power
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 19/0057 in the form of a laser diode array, e.g. laser diode bar semiconductor laser arrays with beam combining arrangement H01S5/4012
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0911 Anamorphotic systems
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0966 Cylindrical lenses cylindrical lenses per se G02B3/06
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/283 used for beam splitting or combining
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/285 comprising arrays of elements, e.g. microprisms
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/25891 Transmission components H04B10/40 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 10/505 using external modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/04 Mode multiplex systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04J 14/06 Polarisation multiplex systems

Abstract

An optoelectronic apparatus includes an enclosure having mutually-opposing first and second faces. An array of emitters contained in the enclosure is configured to emit beams of optical radiation. Projection optics contained in the enclosure have an entrance face and an exit face and are configured to receive the beams of optical radiation through the entrance face and to project the beams through the exit face. A polarization-based spatial multiplexer is contained in the enclosure and positioned to intercept and direct the projected beams such that the optical radiation having a first polarization is transmitted through the first face, while the optical radiation having a second polarization, orthogonal to the first polarization, is emitted through the second face. A controller is coupled to control a polarization of the optical radiation and thereby control a direction in which the optical radiation is emitted from the enclosure.

Claims

1. An optoelectronic apparatus, comprising:

an enclosure comprising mutually-opposing first and second faces;

an array of emitters contained in the enclosure and configured to emit beams of optical radiation;

projection optics contained in the enclosure and having an entrance face and an exit face and configured to receive the beams of optical radiation through the entrance face and to project the beams through the exit face;

a polarization-based spatial multiplexer, which is contained in the enclosure and positioned to intercept and direct the projected beams such that the optical radiation having a first polarization is transmitted through the first face, while the optical radiation having a second polarization, orthogonal to the first polarization, is emitted through the second face; and

a controller, which is coupled to control a polarization of the optical radiation and thereby control a direction in which the optical radiation is emitted from the enclosure.

2. The optoelectronic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the polarization-based spatial multiplexer comprises a polarizing beamsplitter configured to reflect the beams with a first polarization toward the first face of the enclosure and to transmit the beams with the second polarization.

3. The optoelectronic apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the polarization-based spatial multiplexer comprises a mirror positioned to intercept the beams with the second polarization transmitted by the polarizing beamsplitter and to reflect the intercepted beams toward the second face of the enclosure.

4. The optoelectronic apparatus according to claim 3, and wherein the mirror is configured to transmit a portion of the intercepted beams, and the apparatus comprises an optical sensor positioned to intercept the portion of the beams and configured to emit a signal to the controller responsively to an optical power of the portion of the intercepted beams.

5. The optoelectronic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the emitters are configured to emit beams with a common polarization, and wherein the polarization-based spatial multiplexer comprises a polarization switcher configured to rotate the polarization of the beams between the first and second polarizations under control of the controller.

6. The optoelectronic apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the polarization switcher comprises a liquid crystal cell.

7. The optoelectronic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the emitters comprise edge-emitting laser diodes.

8. The optoelectronic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the array of emitters comprises first emitters, which are configured to emit respective first beams of optical radiation of the first polarization, and second emitters, which are configured to emit respective second beams of optical radiation of the second polarization.

9. The optoelectronic apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the controller is coupled to drive the first emitters and the second emitters either separately or concurrently so that the polarization-based spatial multiplexer projects the beams of optical radiation through either the first face or the second face or through both faces of the enclosure.

10. The optoelectronic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the projection optics comprise:

first cylindrical lenses, which are aligned respectively with the emitters in the array and have respective, mutually-parallel first cylindrical axes; and

a second cylindrical lens positioned adjacent to the first cylindrical lenses and having a second cylindrical axis perpendicular to the first cylindrical axes.

11. An optoelectronic apparatus, comprising:

an array of pairs of first and second emitters, wherein the first emitters are configured to emit respective first beams of optical radiation of a first polarization, and the second emitters are configured to emit respective second beams of optical radiation of a second polarization orthogonal to the first polarization;

projection optics having an entrance face and an exit face and configured to receive the first and second beams of the optical radiation through the entrance face and to project the beams through the exit face; and

a polarizing beamsplitter, which is positioned to intercept the projected beams and configured to transmit the optical radiation of the first polarization and to reflect the optical radiation of the second polarization.

12. The optoelectronic apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the projection optics comprise:

first cylindrical lenses, which are aligned respectively with the pairs of emitters, so that each first cylindrical lens intercepts one first beam and one second beam, and have respective, mutually parallel first cylindrical axes; and

a second cylindrical lens positioned adjacent to the first cylindrical lenses and having a second cylindrical axis perpendicular to the first cylindrical axes.

13. The optoelectronic apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the projection optics are configured to provide a uniform illumination.

14. The optoelectronic apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the projection optics are configured to provide a patterned illumination.

15. The optoelectronic apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the emitters comprise edge-emitting laser diodes.

16. The optoelectronic apparatus according to claim 11, and comprising a controller, which is coupled to drive the first and second emitters so as to set relative proportions of the optical radiation that are transmitted and reflected.

17. A method for projecting optical radiation, comprising:

providing an enclosure comprising mutually-opposing first and second faces, containing an array of emitters configured to emit beams of optical radiation and projection optics having an entrance face and an exit face and configured to receive the beams of optical radiation through the entrance face and to project the beams through the exit face;

positioning a polarization-based spatial multiplexer to intercept and direct the projected beams such that the optical radiation having a first polarization is transmitted through the first face, while the optical radiation having a second polarization, orthogonal to the first polarization, is emitted through the second face; and

controlling a polarization of the optical radiation, thereby controlling the direction in which the optical radiation is emitted from the enclosure.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the polarization-based spatial multiplexer comprises a polarizing beamsplitter configured to reflect the beams with a first polarization toward the first face of the enclosure and to transmit the beams with the second polarization.

19. The method according to claim 17, wherein the emitters are configured to emit beams with a common polarization, and wherein the polarization-based spatial multiplexer comprises a polarization switcher configured to rotate the polarization of the beams between the first and second polarizations under control of the controller.

20. The method according to claim 17, wherein the array of emitters comprises first emitters, which are configured to emit respective first beams of optical radiation of the first polarization, and second emitters, which are configured to emit respective second beams of optical radiation of the second polarization.