Methods and systems for diagnosing and treating presbyopia

• US 10,451,877 B2
• Filed: 09/19/2016
• Issued: 10/22/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 03/16/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Magic Leap, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Magic Leap, Inc.
• Inventors: Samec, Nicole Elizabeth, Macnamara, John Graham, Harrises, Christopher M., Schowengerdt, Brian T., Abovitz, Rony, Baerenrodt, Mark
• Primary Examiner(s): Lhymn, Sarah
• Application Number:
  US15/269,335
• Publication Number:
  US 20170000332A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,128 Days
• Field of Search: 345418, 345619, 345632, 345633
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0204 Acoustic sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0247 Pressure sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/0008 provided with illuminating means A61B3/117 takes precedence; goniolenses used for laser treatment A61F9/009; illuminating means for optical instruments G02B27/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/0025 characterised by electronic signal processing, e.g. eye models
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/005 Constructional features of the display
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/022 for testing contrast sensitivity
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/024 for determining the visual field, e.g. perimeter types
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/028 for testing visual acuity; for determination of refraction, e.g. phoropters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/0285 Phoropters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/032 Devices for presenting test symbols or characters, e.g. test chart projectors A61B3/036 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/036 for testing astigmatism
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/063 for testing light sensitivity, i.e. adaptation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/066 for testing colour vision
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/08 for testing binocular or stereoscopic vision, e.g. strabismus
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/085 for testing strabismus
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/10 Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1005 for measuring distances inside the eye, e.g. thickness of the cornea A61B3/11 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/101 for examining the tear film
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1015 for wavefront analysis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/102 : for optical coherence tomography [OCT]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1035 : for measuring astigmatism testing astigmatism A61B3/036
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/113 : for determining or recording eye movement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/12 : for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes A61B3/13 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1216 : for diagnostics of the iris
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/1241 : specially adapted for observation of ocular blood flow, e.g. by fluorescein angiography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/13 : Ophthalmic microscopes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/14 : Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography apparatus or arrangements for taking photographs per se G03B
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 3/165 : Non-contacting tonometers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0059 : using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence A61B5/0093, A61B5/1455, A61B5/02416 and A61B5/0261 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0066 : Optical coherence imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0077 : Devices for viewing the surface of the body, e.g. camera, magnifying lens
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/01 : Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/12 : Audiometering
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 : for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1455 : using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14555 : specially adapted for the eye fundus
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/361 : Detecting fibrillation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/369 : Electroencephalography [EEG] devices for psychotechnics A61B5/16
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/398 : Electrooculography [EOG], e.g. detecting nystagmus; Electroretinography [ERG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6803 : Head-worn items, e.g. helmets, masks, headphones or goggles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/10 : Eye inspection
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/461 : Displaying means of special interest
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2007/0004 : Eyes or part of the face surrounding the eyes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2007/004 : Hip
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2009/00863 : Retina
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 9/0026 : Ophthalmic product dispenser attachments to facilitate positioning near the eye
• CPC Class Codes: A61H 2201/165 : Wearable interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0022 : by the tactile sense, e.g. vibrations
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0027 : by the hearing sense
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2021/0066 : with heating or cooling
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 21/02 : for inducing sleep or relaxation, e.g. by direct nerve stimulation, hypnosis, analgesia for massage A61H; electrotherapy A61N, e.g. applying alternating or intermittent electric currents for producing anaesthesia A61N1/36021
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3375 : Acoustical, e.g. ultrasonic, measuring means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/507 : Head Mounted Displays [HMD]
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2005/0648 : the light being directed to the eyes
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0138 : comprising image capture systems, e.g. camera
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/014 : comprising information/image processing systems
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/0185 : Displaying image at variable distance
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 21/0032 : Optical details of illumination, e.g. light-sources, pinholes, beam splitters, slits, fibers G02B21/0036 - G02B21/008; means for illumination of specimens in general G02B21/06
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0093 : with means for monitoring data relating to the user, e.g. head-tracking, eye-tracking
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0172 : characterised by optical features
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0179 : Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
• CPC Class Codes: G02C 7/027 : considering wearer's parameters
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 19/006 : Mixed reality object pose determination, tracking or camera calibration for mixed reality G06T7/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10024 : Color image
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10148 : Varying focus
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10152 : Varying illumination
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30041 : Eye; Retina; Ophthalmic
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/17 : delivered via infusion or injection
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/63 : for local operation
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/67 : for remote operation
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/20 : for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems

Abstract

Configurations are disclosed for a health system to be used in various healthcare applications, e.g., for patient diagnostics, monitoring, and/or therapy. The health system may comprise a light generation module to transmit light or an image to a user, one or more sensors to detect a physiological parameter of the user'"'"'s body, including their eyes, and processing circuitry to analyze an input received in response to the presented images to determine one or more health conditions or defects.

Claims

1. A wearable ophthalmic system for addressing presbyopia comprising:

a display device comprising;

a stacked waveguide assembly comprising transmissive beamsplitter substrates configured to be worn on a person and to output light into an eye of the person to form an image in the eye, wherein the transmissive beamsplitter substrates are waveguides, and wherein at least one of the transmissive beamsplitter substrates is configured to project light appearing to originate from a different depth plane than an other of the transmissive beamsplitter substrates; and

a light source configured to output light, for forming the image, into the stacked waveguide assembly;

a sensor configured to determine an orientation of a gaze of the person; and

an adaptive optics element through which light from an ambient environment and the light output from the light source are directed to the person, wherein the adaptive optics element is configured to modify respective focuses of the light from the ambient environment and the light output from the light source in the eye based on the orientation of the gaze of the person.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the orientation of the gaze of the person is determined based on a position of a head of the person.

3. The device of claim 2, further comprising gyroscopic sensors configured to determine the position of a head of the person.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein the orientation of the gaze of the person is determined by tracking a position of the eye.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the stacked waveguide assembly is configured to output the light from the light source with a divergent wavefront towards the adaptive optics.

6. The device of claim 5, wherein the waveguide is part of a stack of waveguides, wherein waveguides of the stack comprise diffractive optical elements providing optical power and configured to output light with wavefront divergence corresponding to a discrete depth plane associated with an individual waveguide.

7. The device of claim 5, further comprising an other adaptive optics element on a side of the stack of waveguides opposite the adaptive optics element.

8. A wearable ophthalmic device comprising:

a light source configured to output light for forming an image; and

wearable optics comprising a stacked waveguide assembly comprising transmissive beamsplitter substrates each configured to receive the light from the light source and to output the light with wavefront divergence corresponding to an associated discrete depth plane,

wherein the wearable optics are configured to direct the light into the eye of the person wearing the wearable optics to form the image in the eye, the wearable optics configured to correct for presbyopia based on an optical prescription for the eye.

9. The device of claim 8, further comprising user interface controls configured to receive input from the person specifying the person'"'"'s optical prescription.

10. The device of claim 8, configured to present the person with different wavefront corrections to identify an optical prescription of the person.

11. The device of claim 10, further comprising a user interface configured to receive input from the person specifying the preferred optical prescription correction.

12. The device of claim 10, further comprising a biofeedback system configured to determine the wavefront correction based on monitoring one or more properties of the eye while viewing the image.

13. The device of claim 12, wherein the biofeedback system receives inputs from at least one of a phoropter, an autorefractor, and an eye tracking system.

14. The device of claim 12, wherein the properties of the eye is at least one of:

changes in a convergence point of the eye, changes in a position of a head of the person, and changes in a size of a pupil of the eye.

15. The device of claim 8, wherein the wearable optics comprises adaptive optics in the wearable optics configured to be adjusted to implement the optical prescription correction.

16. The device of claim 15, wherein the adaptive optics comprises a variable focus element.

17. The device of claim 15, wherein the adaptive optics comprises a deformable optical element.

18. The device of claim 17, wherein the deformable optical element comprises a deformable mirror.

19. The device of claim 8, wherein the waveguide stack is configured to provide the prescription correction.

20. The device of claim 19, wherein the waveguide stack comprises a combination of waveguides configured to provide optical power providing the optical prescription correction for light propagating through the combination of waveguides.

21. The device of claim 20, wherein different waveguides of the waveguide stack have different optical power.

22. The device of claim 8, wherein the wearable optics are configured to output the light with wavefront divergence corresponding to different depth planes, the wearable optics configured to provide different image content corresponding to the different depth planes.

23. The device of claim 8, wherein the wearable optics comprises at least one waveguide comprising a dynamic optical element having variable optical power.

24. The device of claim 8, further comprising a sensor to determine an orientation of the person'"'"'s head, wherein the wearable optics is configured to alter the focus of the image based on the head orientation.

25. The device of claim 8, further comprising an eye tracking system configured to determine a person'"'"'s convergence point.

26. The device of claim 25, wherein the wearable optics is configured to alter a focus of light forming the image based on the determined convergence point.

27. The device of claim 8, wherein the device comprises an augmented reality system configured to provide the optical prescription correction to augmented reality image content.

28. The device of claim 27, wherein the wearable optics are configured to apply the optical prescription correction to light from the light source and to light from and forming images of an ambient environment beyond the wearable optics.

29. The device of claim 8, further comprising electronics configured to determine the person'"'"'s gaze based on movement of one or more of the person'"'"'s eyes, wherein the wearable optics is configured to alter the focus of light forming the image based on the determined gaze.

30. The device of claim 8, further comprising electronics configured to determine if the person is focusing at a near-field focal depth based upon a tracking of the person'"'"'s head, wherein the wearable optics is configured to increase the optical power based on the optical prescription for the person'"'"'s eye and the tracking.

31. The device of claim 8, further comprising electronics configured to determine the person'"'"'s gaze based on glint detection, wherein the wearable optics is configured to alter the focus of light forming the image based on the determined gaze.

34. The device of claim 8, wherein each transmissive beamsplitter substrate has an associated diffractive out-coupling optical element and is configured to output light from the light source via the associated diffractive out-coupling optical element.

32. A wearable ophthalmic system for addressing presbyopia comprising:

a display device comprising;

a stacked waveguide assembly configured to be worn on a person and to output light into an eye of the person to form an image in the eye, the stacked waveguide assembly comprising a plurality of waveguides separated by weak lenses, wherein each of the weak lenses is configured to add wavefront divergence to light propagating therethrough; and

a light source configured to output light, for forming the image, into the stacked waveguide assembly;

a sensor configured to determine an orientation of a gaze of the person; and

an adaptive optics element through which the light is directed to the person, wherein the adaptive optics element is configured to modify a focus of the light in the eye based on the orientation of the gaze of the person.

33. A wearable ophthalmic device comprising:

a light source configured to output light for forming an image; and

wearable optics comprising a stacked waveguide assembly comprising a plurality of waveguides separated by weak lenses, wherein each of the weak lenses is configured to add wavefront divergence to light propagating therethrough, wherein the stacked waveguide assembly is configured to receive the light from the light source and to output the light with wavefront divergence corresponding to an associated discrete depth plane,

wherein the wearable optics are configured to direct the light into the eye of the person wearing the wearable optics to form the image in the eye, the wearable optics configured to correct for presbyopia based on an optical prescription for the eye.