Adjustable nerve electrode

• US 10,456,575 B2
• Filed: 05/08/2018
• Issued: 10/29/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 11/23/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Case Western Reserve University
• Original Assignee: Case Western Reserve University
• Inventors: Kilgore, Kevin, Ackermann, Jr., Douglas Michael, Bhadra, Niloy, Bhadra, Narendra, Payer, Joe
• Primary Examiner(s): Flory, Christopher A
• Application Number:
  US15/973,582
• Publication Number:
  US 20180250506A1
• Time in Patent Office: 539 Days
• Field of Search: 600372, 607 2, 607 45, 607 46, 607 72, 607118
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0551 Spinal or peripheral nerve electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/0556 Cuff electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36071 Pain
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36185 Selection of the electrode configuration

Abstract

Example adjustable electrodes are described. One example adjustable electrode includes two or more contacts configured to selectively deliver high frequency alternating current (HFAC) to a nerve in an amount sufficient to produce an HFAC nerve conduction block in the nerve. The example adjustable electrode may also include a logic configured to selectively control which of the two or more contacts deliver HFAC to the nerve to control whether the nerve electrode is in a first (e.g., onset response mitigating) configuration or in a second (e.g., HFAC nerve conduction block maintenance) configuration. The electrode may be used in applications including, but not limited to, nerve block applications, and nerve stimulation applications. The electrode may be adjusted by changing attributes including, but not limited to, the number, length, orientation, distance between, surface area, and distance from a nerve of contacts to be used to deliver the HFAC.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

adjusting a geometric configuration of an adjustable electrode to arrange two or more contacts around a nerve in an onset response mitigating configuration;

applying an electrical waveform to the nerve;

blocking an onset response of the electrical waveform due to the onset response mitigating configuration;

after a period of time, adjusting the geometric configuration of the adjustable electrode to arrange the two or more contacts around the nerve in a block maintenance configuration and

maintaining a nerve conduction block to the nerve.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrical waveform comprises a high frequency alternating current (HFAC) waveform.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the onset response mitigating configuration is arranged to maximize neuronal membrane depolarization in the nerve.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the block maintenance configuration is arranged to minimize a current required to maintain the nerve conduction block.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrical waveform comprises a first high frequency alternating current (HFAC) waveform applied with the onset mitigating configuration and a second HFAC waveform applied with the block maintenance configuration.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the second HFAC waveform comprises a current sufficient to maintain the nerve conduction block.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the first HFAC waveform comprises a threshold sufficient to establish the nerve conduction block.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the adjustable electrode changes configurations based on control logic.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the control logic is signaled from a source internal to the adjustable electrode.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the control logic is signaled from a source external to the adjustable electrode.