Occupancy measurement and triggering in frequency domain bitmaps

• US 10,459,008 B2
• Filed: 10/14/2014
• Issued: 10/29/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 03/13/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Tektronix Incorporated (Fortive Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Tektronix Incorporated (Fortive Corp.)
• Inventors: Tracy, Robert E., Engholm, Kathryn A., Hillman, Jr., Alfred K.
• Primary Examiner(s): Le, Toan M
• Assistant Examiner(s): Sun, Xiuqin
• Application Number:
  US14/513,442
• Publication Number:
  US 20150066410A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,841 Days
• Field of Search: 702 76
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 13/0254 for triggering, synchronisation
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 13/0263 for non-recurrent functions, e.g. transients
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 23/16 Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 3/00 Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation

Abstract

A method is disclosed for triggering upon signal events occurring in frequency domain signals. The method includes repeatedly sampling a time-varying signal and generating a plurality of digital frequency domain spectrums based on the samples of the time-varying signal. A frequency domain bitmap for the time-varying signal is repeatedly updated via application of the digital frequency domain spectrums. The method further includes selecting a portion of the frequency domain bitmap, determining a signal occupancy in the selected portion, and triggering a capture of the time-varying signal based on and in response to the occupancy determination for the selected portion of the bitmap.

Claims

1. A method of measuring an occupancy of an input signal by a test and measurement instrument, comprising:

accumulating the input signal into a frequency domain bitmap during a measurement period, the frequency domain bitmap including a grid, each cell of the grid including an indication of how many hits occurred in the cell of the accumulated input signal;

outputting the frequency domain bitmap for display to a user;

receiving an input from the user indicating a region of the frequency domain bitmap;

defining a region of interest of the frequency domain bitmap based on the indicated region;

calculating the occupancy of the input signal within the region of interest, wherein the occupancy is indicative of a percentage of hits or time that the input signal occurs within the region of interest, wherein calculating the occupancy of the input signal comprises dividing an amount of time that the input signal is present in the region of interest by the total time of the measurement period; and

outputting the occupancy for additional processing;

wherein the occupancy is continuously calculated and output during the measurement period.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein accumulating the input signal into a frequency domain bitmap comprises:

sampling the input signal to produce a plurality of samples;

transforming the plurality of samples into a plurality of frequency domain spectra; and

updating the grid based on the plurality of frequency domain spectra.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein calculating the occupancy of the input signal comprises compensating for a persistence decay factor.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein calculating the occupancy of the input signal comprises subtracting a background occupancy from the calculated occupancy.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein calculating the occupancy of the input signal comprises:

calculating an occupancy of a plurality of pixels within the region of interest to produce a plurality of occupancy values; and

calculating a statistical value based on the plurality of occupancy values as the occupancy of the input signal within the region of interest.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein calculating the occupancy of the input signal comprises:

performing the accumulating and calculating a plurality of times to produce a plurality of occupancy values; and

calculating a statistical value based on the plurality of occupancy values as the occupancy of the input signal within the region of interest.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the further processing comprises:

based on the occupancy, establishing trigger criteria used to activate a trigger;

determining that the trigger criteria is met by a portion of the input signal; and

in response to the determining that the trigger criteria is met, capturing the portion of the input signal.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the capturing includes accumulating additional portions of the input signal into the frequency domain bitmap, such that only those portions of the input signal that meet the trigger criteria are accumulated into the frequency domain bitmap.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein determining that the trigger criteria is met is performed for each frequency domain spectrum of a plurality of additional frequency domain spectra.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein determining that the trigger criteria is met is performed once per accumulated frame display.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein determining that the trigger criteria is met is performed once for every n number of frequency domain spectrum of a plurality of additional frequency domain spectra, wherein n is a number greater than 1.

12. A test and measurement instrument comprising:

a signal input configured to receive an input signal; and

a processor configured to;

accumulate the input signal into a frequency domain bitmap during a measurement period, the frequency domain bitmap including a grid, each cell of the grid including an indication of how many hits occurred in the cell of the accumulated input signal;

output the frequency domain bitmap for display to a user;

receive input from the user that indicates a region of the frequency domain bitmap;

define a region of interest of the frequency domain bitmap based on the indication of the region of interest;

determine an occupancy of the input signal within the region of interest, wherein the occupancy is indicative of a percentage of hits or time that the input signal occurs within the region of interest, wherein the processor is further configured to divide an actual number of hits occurring within the region of interest during the measurement period by a maximum number of hits that could have occurred within the region of interest if full occupancy were to have occurred during the measurement period to calculate the occupancy of the input signal within the region of interest; and

output the occupancy for additional processing;

wherein the processor is further configured to repeatedly determine and output the occupancy during the measurement period.

13. The test and measurement instrument of claim 12 wherein the processor is further configured to:

sample the input signal to produce a plurality of samples;

transform the plurality of samples into a plurality of frequency domain spectra; and

update the frequency domain bitmap with the plurality of frequency domain spectra to accumulate the input signal into the frequency domain bitmap during the measurement period.

14. The test and measurement instrument of claim 12 wherein the processor is further configured to compensate for a persistence decay factor.

15. The test and measurement instrument of claim 12 wherein the processor is further configured to subtract a background occupancy from the calculated occupancy to calculate the occupancy of the input signal within the region of interest.

16. The test and measurement instrument of claim 12 wherein the processor is further configured to:

calculate an occupancy of a plurality of pixels within the region of interest to produce a plurality of occupancy values; and

calculate a statistical value based on the plurality of occupancy values as the occupancy of the input signal within the region of interest.

17. The test and measurement instrument of claim 12 wherein the processor is further configured to:

calculate the occupancy of the input signal within the region of interest a plurality of times to produce a plurality of occupancy values; and

calculate a statistical value based on the plurality of occupancy values as the occupancy of the input signal within the region of interest.

18. The test and measurement instrument of claim 12, wherein the processor is further configured to perform the additional processing is to:

based on the occupancy, establish trigger criteria used to activate a trigger;

determine that the trigger criteria is met by a portion of the input signal; and

in response to the determination that the trigger criteria is met, capture of the input signal when the trigger criteria is met.

19. The test and measurement instrument of claim 18, wherein the trigger is further configured to capture additional portions of the input signal by accumulating the input signal into the frequency domain bitmap, such that only those portions of the input signal that meet the trigger criteria are accumulated into the frequency domain bitmap.

20. The test and measurement instrument of claim 19, wherein the determination that the trigger criteria is met is performed for each frequency domain spectrum of the plurality of frequency domain spectra.

21. The test and measurement instrument of claim 19, wherein the determination that the trigger criteria is met is performed once per accumulated frame display.

22. The test and measurement instrument of claim 19, wherein the determination that the trigger criteria is met is performed once for every n number of frequency domain spectrum of a plurality of additional frequency domain spectra, wherein n is a number greater than 1.

23. A test and measurement instrument comprising:

a signal input configured to receive an input signal; and

a processor configured to;

accumulate the input signal into a frequency domain bitmap during a measurement period, the frequency domain bitmap including a grid, each cell of the grid including an indication of how many hits occurred in the cell of the accumulated input signal;

output the frequency domain bitmap for display to a user;

receive input from the user that indicates a region of the frequency domain bitmap;

define a region of interest of the frequency domain bitmap based on the indication of the region of interest;

determine an occupancy of the input signal within the region of interest by dividing an actual number of hits occurring within the region of interest during the measurement period by a maximum number of hits that could have occurred within the region of interest if full occupancy were to have occurred during the measurement period; and

output the occupancy for additional processing;

wherein the processor is further configured to repeatedly determine and output the occupancy during the measurement period.