Flame retardancy of electrochromic devices
First Claim
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1. An electrochromic device comprising:
- a chamber defined by a first conductive surface of a first substrate, a second conductive surface of a second substrate, and a sealing member joining the first substrate to the second substrate;
an electrochromic medium disposed within the chamber and comprising a cathodic electroactive material and an anodic electroactive material wherein at least one of the cathodic and anodic electroactive materials is electrochromic; and
a flame-retardant agent which is one or more of;
a flame-retardant co-solvent comprising;
a fluorinated carbonate, an ionic liquid, or any combination thereof;
an electrochromic medium flame-retardant additive comprising a cyclic and polymeric phosphazene compound, a phosphazene base, a fluorinated ester, a fluorinated ether, a fluorinated electrolyte salt, or a combination of any two or more thereof;
ora flame-retardant gel matrix material comprising a fluorinated poly(ethylene glycol) cross-linked with a cross-linking agent comprising an aliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanate;
wherein;
the electrochromic device is an electrochromic aircraft transparency;
the fluorinated carbonate comprises 2-fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate, 3,3,3-trifluoropropylene carbonate, or a combination of any two or more thereof;
the ionic liquid comprises 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 4-methyl-1-butyl pyridinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazlium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, or a combination of any two or more thereof;
the cyclic and polymeric phosphazene compound is 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexahydro-2,2,4,4,6,6-hexakis(p-tolyloxy)triazatriphosphorine, poly(bis(phenoxy)phosphazine), poly(bis(ethoxy)phosphazene), poly(bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene), poly(bis(4-(ethoxy carbonyl)phenoxy)phosphazene, or a combination of any two or more thereof;
the phosphazene base is tert-butylimino-tri(pyrrolidino)phosphorane, tert-octylimino-tris(dimethylamino)phosphorane, or a combination thereof;
the fluorinated ester is methyl perfluorooctanoate, dimethyl tetrafluorosuccinate, dimethyl hexafluoroglutarate, dimethyl octafluoroadipate, ethylperfluorobutyrate, or a combination of any two or more thereof;
the fluorinated ether is 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-methoxypropane, ethoxynonafluorobutane, 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)pentane, or a combination of any two or more thereof;
the fluorinated electrolyte salt is tetraethylammonium hexafluorophosphate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, or a combination of any two or more thereof; and
the fluorinated poly(ethylene glycol) comprises 1H,1H,8H,8H-perfluoro-3,6-dioxaoctane-1,8-diol.
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Abstract
An electrochromic device includes one or more flame-retardant agents.
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Citations
6 Claims
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1. An electrochromic device comprising:
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a chamber defined by a first conductive surface of a first substrate, a second conductive surface of a second substrate, and a sealing member joining the first substrate to the second substrate; an electrochromic medium disposed within the chamber and comprising a cathodic electroactive material and an anodic electroactive material wherein at least one of the cathodic and anodic electroactive materials is electrochromic; and a flame-retardant agent which is one or more of; a flame-retardant co-solvent comprising; a fluorinated carbonate, an ionic liquid, or any combination thereof; an electrochromic medium flame-retardant additive comprising a cyclic and polymeric phosphazene compound, a phosphazene base, a fluorinated ester, a fluorinated ether, a fluorinated electrolyte salt, or a combination of any two or more thereof;
ora flame-retardant gel matrix material comprising a fluorinated poly(ethylene glycol) cross-linked with a cross-linking agent comprising an aliphatic or aromatic polyisocyanate; wherein; the electrochromic device is an electrochromic aircraft transparency; the fluorinated carbonate comprises 2-fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate, 3,3,3-trifluoropropylene carbonate, or a combination of any two or more thereof; the ionic liquid comprises 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 4-methyl-1-butyl pyridinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazlium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, or a combination of any two or more thereof; the cyclic and polymeric phosphazene compound is 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexahydro-2,2,4,4,6,6-hexakis(p-tolyloxy)triazatriphosphorine, poly(bis(phenoxy)phosphazine), poly(bis(ethoxy)phosphazene), poly(bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene), poly(bis(4-(ethoxy carbonyl)phenoxy)phosphazene, or a combination of any two or more thereof; the phosphazene base is tert-butylimino-tri(pyrrolidino)phosphorane, tert-octylimino-tris(dimethylamino)phosphorane, or a combination thereof; the fluorinated ester is methyl perfluorooctanoate, dimethyl tetrafluorosuccinate, dimethyl hexafluoroglutarate, dimethyl octafluoroadipate, ethylperfluorobutyrate, or a combination of any two or more thereof; the fluorinated ether is 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-methoxypropane, ethoxynonafluorobutane, 1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoro-3-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)pentane, or a combination of any two or more thereof; the fluorinated electrolyte salt is tetraethylammonium hexafluorophosphate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, or a combination of any two or more thereof; and the fluorinated poly(ethylene glycol) comprises 1H,1H,8H,8H-perfluoro-3,6-dioxaoctane-1,8-diol. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3)
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4. An electrochromic device comprising:
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a sealing member comprising a first flame-retardant additive selected from the group consisting of a metal hydroxide, a melamine polyphosphate, a metal salt of a dialkyl phosphinate, an aromatic phosphate, and a combination of any two or more thereof; a chamber defined by a first conductive surface of a first substrate, a second conductive surface of a second substrate, and the sealing member joining the first substrate to the second substrate; and an electrochromic medium disposed within the chamber and comprising at least one cathodic electroactive material; wherein; the electrochromic device is an electrochromic aircraft transparency. - View Dependent Claims (5, 6)
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Specification