Carbon nanotube transducers on propeller blades for sound control

• US 10,460,717 B2
• Filed: 06/22/2016
• Issued: 10/29/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 12/18/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Amazon Technologies, Inc. (Amazon.com, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Amazon Technologies, Inc. (Amazon.com, Inc.)
• Inventors: Beckman, Brian C., Coralic, Vedran, Kimchi, Gur
• Primary Examiner(s): Shanske, Jason D
• Assistant Examiner(s): Beebe, Joshua R
• Application Number:
  US15/189,849
• Publication Number:
  US 20170178618A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,224 Days
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 11/00 Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 11/20 Constructional features
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 2220/00 Active noise reduction systems
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 2230/14 achieving noise reductions
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 27/46 Blades
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 27/473 Constructional features
• CPC Class Codes: B64C 39/024 of the remote controlled vehicle type, i.e. RPV
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 10/13 Flying platforms
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 10/14 with four distinct rotor axes, e.g. quadcopters
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 20/20 for noise reduction
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 20/60 UAVs characterised by the material
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 20/83 Electronic components structurally integrated with aircraft elements, e.g. circuit boards carrying loads
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 30/20 Rotors; Rotor supports
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 30/26 Ducted or shrouded rotors
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 30/29 Constructional aspects of rotors or rotor supports; Arrangements thereof
• CPC Class Codes: B64U 50/19 using electrically powered motors
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17857 Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17873 using a reference signal without an error signal, e.g. pure feedforward
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17875 using an error signal without a reference signal, e.g. pure feedback
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17883 the reference signal being derived from a machine operating condition, e.g. engine RPM or vehicle speed
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/1281 : Aircraft, e.g. spacecraft, airplane or helicopter
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/3216 : Cancellation means disposed in the vicinity of the source
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/3229 : Transducers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 50/10 : Drag reduction

Abstract

The present disclosure is directed to controlling, reducing, and/or altering sound generated by an aerial vehicle, such as an unmanned aerial vehicle (“UAV”), while the aerial vehicle is airborne. For example, one or more transducers, such as piezoelectric thin-film transducers, or carbon nanotube transducers may be applied or incorporated into or on the surface of propeller blades that are used to aerially navigate the aerial vehicle. As the propeller blade rotates and generates sound, the transducers may be activated to generate one or more anti-sounds that cancel, reduce, or otherwise modify the sound generated by the rotation of the propeller blade. The anti-sound combines with the sound and causes interference such that the combined, or net-effect, is an overall cancellation, reduction, or other modification of the sound.

Claims

1. An aerial vehicle comprising:

a first motor configured to rotate a propeller such that the propeller generates a lifting force;

the propeller including;

a hub that is coupled to the first motor so that the first motor can rotate the propeller; and

a propeller blade extending from the hub, the propeller blade including an upper surface and a lower surface;

a propeller duct positioned around the propeller;

a plurality of carbon nanotube transducers formed as a mesh material and positioned over an exit of the propeller duct; and

a sound controller in communication with the plurality of carbon nanotube transducers to provide a signal to the plurality of carbon nanotube transducers to cause the plurality of carbon nanotube transducers to activate, wherein the signal causes the plurality of carbon nanotube transducers to generate an anti-sound that interferes with a sound generated by a rotation of the propeller blade.

2. The aerial vehicle of claim 1, further comprising:

a sensor in communication with the sound controller to measure the sound generated by the rotation of the propeller blade; and

wherein the anti-sound is determined by the sound controller based at least in part on the measured sound.

3. The aerial vehicle of claim 1, further comprising:

a motor controller in communication with the first motor, the motor controller causing the first motor to rotate the propeller blade at a defined revolutions per minute (“

RPM”

); and

wherein the anti-sound is determined based at least in part on a sound anticipated to be generated by the rotation of the propeller blade at the defined RPM.

4. The aerial vehicle of claim 1, further comprising:

an electromagnetic coil wound around the first motor and coupled to the sound controller; and

a plurality of magnets arranged adjacent to the electromagnetic coil and in an alternating polarity such that an electrical current is generated by the electromagnetic coil in response to a rotation of the first motor and the electromagnetic coil moving with respect to the plurality of magnets.

5. The aerial vehicle of claim 4, wherein the sound controller utilizes the electrical current.

6. An aerial vehicle, comprising:

a motor;

a propeller coupled to and rotated by the motor, the propeller including a surface area having an upper side, a lower side, a leading edge, and a trailing edge;

a propeller duct positioned around the propeller;

a carbon nanotube transducer formed in a mesh material and positioned over at least a portion of at least one of an entrance or an exit of the propeller duct; and

a sound controller in communication with the carbon nanotube transducer to provide a signal to the carbon nanotube transducer to cause the carbon nanotube transducer to activate, wherein the signal causes the carbon nanotube transducer to generate an anti-sound that interferes with a sound generated by a rotation of the propeller.

7. The aerial vehicle of claim 6, further comprising:

a piezoelectric thin-film transducer in communication with the sound controller, the piezoelectric thin-film transducer receiving the signal and generating the anti-sound.

8. The aerial vehicle of claim 6, wherein:

a second carbon nanotube transducer is positioned on the upper side of the propeller; and

a piezoelectric thin-film transducer is positioned on the lower side of the propeller.

9. The aerial vehicle of claim 8, wherein the sound controller is in communication with the piezoelectric thin-film transducer to provide the signal to the piezoelectric thin-film transducer to cause the piezoelectric thin-film transducer to activate.

10. The aerial vehicle of claim 6, further comprising:

a sensor configured to measure a sound generated by the aerial vehicle; and

wherein at least one of a frequency or an amplitude of the anti-sound is determined based at least in part on the measured sound.

11. The aerial vehicle of claim 10, wherein the sensor is coupled to a hub of the propeller.

12. The aerial vehicle of claim 10, the sound controller including:

a communication component configured to receive a wireless communication that indicates the anti-sound to be generated by the carbon nanotube transducer, wherein the anti-sound is determined based at least in part on a revolutions per minute (RPM) of the propeller or a position of the aerial vehicle.

13. The aerial vehicle of claim 6, wherein the sound controller includes:

an anti-sound table indicating anti-sounds to be generated by the carbon nanotube transducer, wherein anti-sounds of the anti-sound table correspond to a revolutions per minute (RPM) of the propeller.

14. The aerial vehicle of claim 6,

wherein at least a portion of the propeller duct includes a transducer configured to generate the anti-sound.

15. A method for altering a sound generated by a rotation of a propeller blade, the method comprising:

determining a revolutions per minute (RPM) of the propeller blade;

obtaining from a memory, an indication of a sound anticipated to be generated by the propeller blade when rotating at the RPM;

determining an anti-sound that will cause interference with the sound; and

sending a signal to a carbon nanotube transducer included in a mesh material that is positioned over at least a portion of at least one of an entrance or an exit of a propeller duct around the propeller blade to cause the carbon nanotube transducer to generate the anti-sound such that the anti-sound causes interference with the sound.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising;

determining additional sound generated by an aerial vehicle as the aerial vehicle is operating and rotating the propeller blade; and

wherein the anti-sound is determined to cause interference with the sound and the additional sound.

17. The method of claim 15, further comprising:

measuring with a sensor coupled to an aerial vehicle a net-effect resulting from a combination of the sound and the anti-sound; and

altering the anti-sound based at least in part on the net-effect.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein the anti-sound is determined based at least in part on a machine learning system that considers at least one of the RPM of the propeller blade, a position of an aerial vehicle, an operational condition, or an environmental condition.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein sending includes sending the signal to a plurality of carbon nanotube transducers included in the mesh material that is positioned over at least a portion of at least one of the entrance or the exit of the propeller duct around the propeller blade to cause each of the plurality of carbon nanotube transducers to generate the anti-sound such that the anti-sound causes interference with the sound.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein the anti-sound is determined based at least in part on an environment in which the aerial vehicle is operating.