Lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire, and preparation process thereof

• US 10,460,849 B2
• Filed: 03/24/2017
• Issued: 10/29/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 03/25/2016
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Central South University
• Original Assignee: Central South University
• Inventors: Li, Hongying, Bin, Jie, Gao, Zhaohe
• Primary Examiner(s): Thompson, Timothy J
• Assistant Examiner(s): McAllister, Michael F
• Application Number:
  US16/082,941
• Publication Number:
  US 20190096538A1
• Time in Patent Office: 949 Days
• Field of Search: 1741262
• CPC Class Codes: B22D 11/003 Aluminium alloys
• CPC Class Codes: C22C 21/00 Alloys based on aluminium
• CPC Class Codes: H01B 1/023 Alloys based on aluminium
• CPC Class Codes: H01B 13/0036 Details

Abstract

A lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire, and a preparation process thereof. The aluminum wire is mainly composed of aluminum, boron, zirconium, iron, lanthanum, and inevitable impurity elements, and the preparation process for the wire is as follows: melting industrial pure aluminum; then adding intermediate alloys of boron, zirconium, iron, and lanthanum to the melt; performing stirring, refining, furnace front component rapid analysis, component adjustment, standing, deslagging, and rapid cooling casting to obtain an aluminum alloy blank; and performing annealing, extrusion, and drawing on the cast blank to obtain an aluminum alloy monofilament. The wire obtained has density less than or equal to 2.714 g/cm3, electrical conductivity greater than or equal to 62% IACS, a short-term heat-resistance temperature as high as 230° C., a long-term heat-resistance temperature as high as 210° C., and tensile strength greater than or equal to 170 MPa.

Claims

1. A lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire comprising the following components in percentage by weight:

B 0.04-0.10 wt. %;

Zr 0.10-0.15 wt. %;

Fe 0.10-0.20 wt. %;

La 0.05-0.30 wt. %; and

inevitable titanium, vanadium, chromium, and manganese with a total content less than 0.01 wt. %, and aluminum as the remaining.

2. The lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 1, comprising the following components in percentage by weight:

B 0.045-0.095 wt. %;

Zr 0.10-0.15 wt. %;

Fe 0.10-0.20 wt. %;

La 0.05-0.30 wt. %; and

inevitable titanium, vanadium, chromium, and manganese with a total content less than 0.01 wt. %, and aluminum as the remaining.

3. The lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 1 wherein during casting, cooling is performed to a room temperature at a rate of 20-300°

C./s and then high temperature annealing is performed at 480°

C.-500°

C. for 1-10 h.

4. The lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 1 wherein the wire has nanoscale spherical Al₃(Er, Zr) composite particles.

5. The lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 4, wherein the nanoscale spherical Al₃(Er, Zr) composite particles are of an L12 structure coherent with a matrix.

6. The lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 1 wherein the wire has density less than or equal to 2.714 g/cm³, electrical conductivity greater than 62% IACS at 20°

C., a short-term heat-resistance temperature as high as 230°

C., a long-term heat-resistance temperature as high as 210°

C., and tensile strength greater than or equal to 170 MPa.

16. The lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 2, wherein during casting, cooling is performed to a room temperature at a rate of 20-300°

C./s and then high temperature annealing is performed at 480°

C.-500°

C. for 1-10 h.

17. The lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 2, wherein the wire has nanoscale spherical Al₃(Er, Zr) composite particles.

18. The lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 2, wherein the wire has density less than or equal to 2.714 g/cm³, electrical conductivity greater than 62% IACS at 20°

C., a short-term heat-resistance temperature as high as 230°

C., a long-term heat-resistance temperature as high as 210°

C., and tensile strength greater than or equal to 170 MPa.

7. A method for preparing a lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire, comprising:

separately selecting industrial pure aluminum and aluminum-boron, aluminum-zirconium, aluminum-iron and aluminum-lanthanum intermediate alloys according to a designed material component ratio;

melting the industrial pure aluminum at 740-780°

C.;

then adding the intermediate alloys;

performing refining and rapid cooling casting to obtain a cast blank; and

perform annealing, extrusion, and drawing on the blank to obtain an aluminum alloy monofilament.

8. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 7, wherein during the casting, an ingot blank is obtained by common casting or semicontinuous casting;

or a rod blank is obtained by continuous casting.

9. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 7, wherein during the casting, the cast ingot is cooled to a room temperature at a rate of 20-300°

C./s.

10. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 9, wherein water-cooling casting is employed during the casting.

11. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 8, wherein the ingot blank or the rod blank is subject to the annealing at a temperature of 480°

C.-500°

C., and is subject to furnace cooling after thermal insulation for 2-10 h.

12. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 8, wherein the ingot blank is subject to hot extrusion at a hot extrusion temperature of 300-450°

C.; and

the rod blank is subject to continuous extrusion at a room temperature.

13. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 12, wherein an extrusion ratio for the hot extrusion or the continuous extrusion at the room temperature is greater than or equal to 80, and a total extrusion deformation amount is greater than or equal to 80%.

14. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 7, wherein multiple passes of drawing are performed after the extrusion, a coefficient of elongation for the passes being 1.2-1.5 and an accumulative total coefficient of elongation being 5.5-10.5;

during the drawing, lubrication and cooling are performed with a common lubricating oil or an emulsion; and

a temperature of the aluminum wire is controlled to be less than or equal to 180°

C.

15. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to claim 14, wherein the prepared wire has density less than or equal to 2.714 g/cm³, electrical conductivity greater than 62% IACS at 20°

C., a short-term heat-resistance temperature as high as 230°

C., a long-term heat-resistance temperature as high as 210°

C., and tensile strength greater than or equal to 170 MPa.

19. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to any one of claims 8, wherein multiple passes of drawing are performed after the extrusion, a coefficient of elongation for the passes being 1.2-1.5and an accumulative total coefficient of elongation being 5.5-10.5;

during the drawing, lubrication and cooling are performed with a common lubricating oil or an emulsion; and

a temperature of the aluminum wire is controlled to be less than or equal to 180°

C.

20. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to any one of claims 9, wherein multiple passes of drawing are performed after the extrusion, a coefficient of elongation for the passes being 1.2-1.5 and an accumulative total coefficient of elongation being 5.5-10.5;

during the drawing, lubrication and cooling are performed with a common lubricating oil or an emulsion; and

a temperature of the aluminum wire is controlled to be less than or equal to 180°

C.

21. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to any one of claims 10, wherein multiple passes of drawing are performed after the extrusion, a coefficient of elongation for the passes being 1.2-1.5 and an accumulative total coefficient of elongation being 5.5-10.5;

during the drawing, lubrication and cooling are performed with a common lubricating oil or an emulsion; and

a temperature of the aluminum wire is controlled to be less than or equal to 180°

C.

22. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to any one of claims 11, wherein multiple passes of drawing are performed after the extrusion, a coefficient of elongation for the passes being 1.2-1.5 and an accumulative total coefficient of elongation being 5.5-10.5;

during the drawing, lubrication and cooling are performed with a common lubricating oil or an emulsion; and

a temperature of the aluminum wire is controlled to be less than or equal to 180°

C.

23. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-conductivity, heat-resistant, and iron-containing aluminum wire according to any one of claims 12, wherein multiple passes of drawing are performed after the extrusion, a coefficient of elongation for the passes being 1.2-1.5 and an accumulative total coefficient of elongation being 5.5-10.5;

during the drawing, lubrication and cooling are performed with a common lubricating oil or an emulsion; and

a temperature of the aluminum wire is controlled to be less than or equal to 180°

C.