Method and apparatus for a control circuit with multiple operating modes

• US 10,461,647 B2
• Filed: 01/04/2019
• Issued: 10/29/2019
• Est. Priority Date: 10/04/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Power Integrations Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Power Integrations Incorporated
• Inventors: Baurle, Stefan, Pham, Giao
• Primary Examiner(s): Mehari, Yemane
• Application Number:
  US16/240,229
• Publication Number:
  US 20190140545A1
• Time in Patent Office: 298 Days
• Field of Search: 363 16, 363 2101, 363 2112, 363 2113, 363 2117, 363131
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33507 with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters H02M3/33561, H02M3/33569 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33515 with digital control

Abstract

A controller includes an oscillator coupled to a switch to determine a time at which the switch is turned on. The oscillator includes a capacitor, a charging current source and a discharging current source coupled to charge and discharge the capacitor. A time period for the capacitor to charge and discharge between first and second voltage levels is a time period of a switching cycle. A duty cycle mode control circuit is coupled to operate in a first duty control mode in response to a feedback signal being between first and second feedback signal values, operate in a second duty control mode in response to the feedback signal being a between the second and third feedback signal values, and operate in a third duty control mode in response to the feedback signal being between the third and fourth feedback signal values.

Claims

1. A controller for a power converter, comprising:

an oscillator coupled to a switch of the power converter to determine a time at which the switch is turned on at a beginning of a switching cycle of the switch, wherein the oscillator includes a capacitor, a charging current source coupled to charge the capacitor, and a discharging current source coupled to discharge the capacitor, wherein a time period for the capacitor to charge and discharge between first and second voltage levels is a time period of the switching cycle of the switch; and

a duty cycle mode control circuit coupled to operate in a first duty control mode in response to a feedback signal representative of an output of the power converter being between a first feedback signal value and a second feedback signal value, wherein the duty cycle mode control circuit is coupled to operate in a second duty control mode in response to the feedback signal being between the second feedback signal value and a third feedback signal value, wherein the duty cycle mode control circuit is coupled to operate in a third duty control mode in response to the feedback signal being between the third feedback signal value and a fourth feedback signal value.

2. The controller of claim 1, wherein the first duty control mode includes modulating a peak switch current of the switch in response to the feedback signal, and switching the switch at a substantially fixed first switching frequency value.

3. The controller of claim 2, wherein the second duty control mode includes modulating a switching frequency in response to the feedback signal, and maintaining the peak switch current substantially at a peak switch current threshold value.

4. The controller of claim 3, wherein the third duty control mode includes modulating includes modulating the peak switch current of the switch in response to the feedback signal, and switching the switch at a substantially fixed second switching frequency value.

5. The controller of claim 1, wherein the duty cycle mode control circuit maintains a substantially constant overall control loop gain of the power converter in response to transitioning between the first duty cycle control mode and the second duty cycle control mode and in response to transitioning between the second duty cycle control mode and the third duty cycle control mode.

6. The controller of claim 2, wherein the duty cycle control mode transitions from the first duty cycle control mode to the second duty cycle control mode in response to the peak switch current reaching a peak switch current threshold value.

7. The controller of claim 3, wherein the duty cycle control mode circuit transitions from the second duty cycle control mode to the third duty cycle control mode in response to the switching frequency of the switch reaching a second switching frequency value.

8. The controller of claim 1, wherein the duty cycle control mode circuit transitions from the third duty cycle control mode to the second duty cycle control mode in response to a peak switch current of the switch reaching a peak switch current threshold value.

9. The controller of claim 1, wherein the duty cycle control mode circuit transitions from the second duty cycle control mode to the first duty cycle control mode in response to a switching frequency reaching a first switching frequency value.

10. The controller of claim 1, further comprising switching the switch at a maximum duty cycle, at a 100% peak switch current, and at a 100% switching frequency in response to the feedback signal being outside of a range between the first feedback signal value and the fourth feedback signal value.

11. The controller of claim 9, wherein said switching the switch at the maximum duty cycle, at the 100% peak switch current, and at the 100% switching frequency occurs during a start-up condition.

12. The controller of claim 9, wherein said switching the switch at the maximum duty cycle, at the 100% peak switch current, and at the 100% switching frequency occurs during a fault condition.

13. The controller of claim 9, wherein the first switching frequency value is a maximum switching frequency, and wherein a second switching frequency value is a minimum switching frequency.

14. The controller of claim 13, wherein the second switching frequency value is just above an audible frequency range.

15. The controller of claim 3, wherein the peak switch current threshold value is less than a 100% peak switch current limit of the switch.

16. The controller of claim 1, wherein the first duty cycle control mode is a voltage control mode in which the switch on-time is regulated.

17. The controller of claim 1, wherein the second duty cycle control mode comprises varying a switching cycle time of the switch.

18. The controller of claim 1, wherein said third duty cycle control mode is a voltage control mode in which the switch on-time is regulated.

19. The controller of claim 13, wherein the first switching frequency value is greater than the second switching frequency value.