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Electrochemical energy storage devices

  • US 10,481,456 B2
  • Filed: 12/22/2017
  • Issued: 11/19/2019
  • Est. Priority Date: 05/27/2014
  • Status: Active Grant
First Claim
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1. A energy storage device comprising:

  • a cathodic material in an activated state; and

    an anodic material in an activated state;

    wherein;

    the cathodic material is a viologen covalently attached to, or confined within, a first polymer matrix, the first polymer matrix configured to prevent or minimize substantial diffusion of the cathodic material in the activated state;

    the anodic material is a phenazine, a phenothiazine, a triphenodithiazine, a carbazole, a indolocarbazole, a biscarbazole, or a ferrocene covalently attached to, or confined within, a second polymer matrix, the second polymer matrix configured to prevent or minimize substantial diffusion of the anodic material in the activated state; and

    the energy storage device exhibits an open circuit voltage of about 0.2 V to about 1.2 V.

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